The two men once met on the battlefield, which is an interesting history.
The merits and demerits of these two men have been debated for many years in history. In fact, in the era after their death, the two men wrote two history books.
They lived in the same era and recorded the same history, but their opinions on Zhuge Liang and Sima Yi were quite different.
One of the two men is learning to cut teeth, and the other is Sun Sheng. One of these two history books is called Hanshu Chunqiu, and the other is called Yang Jinqiu.
Today we will talk about the characteristics of two history books.
Xi Chishao was a famous historian in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. He thought that the orthodox wrote "Han Shu Jin Shu Chun Qiu", and naturally he was full of praise for Zhuge Liang.
In his own book, Xi Chishao criticized Chen Shou, the author of The Three Kingdoms, for defending Sima Yi's defeat and downplaying Sima Yi's usurpation of the throne.
Han, Jin, Spring and Autumn Period had a great influence, and Pei Songzhi of Liu and Song Dynasties was also a fan of Zhuge Liang. In addition, due to the needs of Liu Song's own political power, he greatly praised Shu Han, so the Records of the Three Kingdoms of Zhu Pei quoted a large number of records from Han Jin and Chunqiu, which played a great role in evaluating Zhuge Liang in later generations.
Sun Sheng was also a historian of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and his fame was even greater than the study of teeth. Sun Sheng attaches great importance to "Shide".
At that time, Huan Wen, the powerful minister, was defeated, and Sun Sheng recorded it truthfully, which aroused Huan Wen's great anger and threatened to destroy Sun Sheng's family. But he would rather die than change. His history book "Yang Jinqiu" was called a good history by people at that time and had a high reputation.
In Autumn, Zhuge Liang's ability to govern the country is highly praised, but different views are put forward on Zhuge Liang's military ability. Sun Sheng greatly appreciated Sima Yi's military talents. It is not difficult to find between the lines that Sun Sheng thinks that Sima Yi's military command ability is higher than Zhuge Liang's.
This was a normal thing. Everyone has different views on history, but they were unexpectedly dissatisfied by Zhuge Liang fans such as Pei Songzhi.
In his own article, Pei Songzhi deliberately avoided some problems mentioned by Sun Sheng, and personally argued with some viewpoints of Sun Sheng.
Pei Songzhi only has basic professional ethics, and he didn't tamper with Sun Sheng's record.
As for some records of tooth digging, Pei Songzhi also bluntly questioned that some contents in the book of tooth digging conflict with other records, some of which may be legends, and he even suspected that it was fabricated by tooth digging. This is also the place where the history books written by Xi Chishao are widely criticized, that is, the academics are not rigorous.
Two contemporary historical books, the Spring and Autumn of Han and Jin Dynasties and the Autumn of Jinyang, recorded the same period of history, but they had different views on that period of history, which showed that the historians' own knowledge and thoughts had a great influence on Historical Records.
Xi Chishao and Sun Sheng are actually contemporaries. Huan Wen, the general of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, marched eastward to Sichuan, and his talents were abundant. Sun Sheng and Xi Chishao are among them.
Both of them are from the Eastern Jin Dynasty, former colleagues and historians. Why do they have different views on Sima Yi and Zhuge Liang?
Actually, it's not surprising. First of all, he is from Xiangyang. Zhuge Liang once lived in Xiangyang and had a great influence in the local area.
Secondly, the Eastern Jin Dynasty was a partial regime, which made a group of people have the idea of "empathy" for Shu Han at that time. The practice of incisors should be influenced by this idea, and Pei Songzhi and others in later generations also have this idea.