Changsha (the capital of Hunan Province), Zhuzhou and Xiangtan are located in the middle reaches of Xiangjiang River, with zigzag distribution. Changsha is 50 kilometers away from Xiangtan, Zhuzhou, which has been connected with expressway. Apart from geographical proximity, the three places also have considerable economic and social ties. "Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration" is the abbreviation of the three cities of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan, among which Zhuzhou is the city with the strongest industrial base. As early as 10 years ago, "Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration" had started ten major projects, including financial reform, power supply, transportation, gas supply, and site selection of economic and technological development zones. It is the first experimental area in China to consciously integrate regional economy. It is the core growth pole of Hunan's economic development, and it is also one of the key urban agglomerations for the country to implement the strategy of the rise of central China. At the end of 2007, the State Council approved "Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration" as "National Experimental Zone for Comprehensive Reform of Resource-saving and Environment-friendly Society". In recent years, the State Council approved Shanghai Pudong New Area, Tianjin Binhai New Area, Chengdu and Chongqing as Experimental Zones for Comprehensive Reform. Now Wuhan Urban Agglomeration and Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration are located in the middle of China.
Zhuzhou is the second largest city in Hunan Province. As of 2006, Zhuzhou has four municipal districts and four counties, and manages 1 county-level cities. There are 24 streets, 66 towns, 46 townships in the city, 1 ethnic townships.
Zhuzhou covers an area of 1 1262 square kilometers, with a registered population of 3.769 million (2006).
Tianyuan District covers an area of 150 km2, and the registered population is136,000. The postal code is 4 12000. The District People's Government is located at Huanghe North Road.
Hetang District covers an area of 152 square kilometers and has a registered population of 227,000. The postal code is 4 12000. District People's Government in Xinhua East Road.
Lusong District covers an area of 67 square kilometers and has a registered population of 202,000. The postal code is 4 12000. District People's Government Tel: 18 15.
Shifeng District covers an area of 166 square kilometers and has a registered population of 238,000. The postal code is 4 12005. District People's Government is located in Jianshe North Road.
Liling covers an area of 2 1.57 square kilometers and has a registered population of 1.07 million. The postal code is 4 12200. The Municipal People's Government is located in Longmen Street.
Zhuzhou county covers an area of 138 1 km2, with a registered population of 446,000. Postal code 4 12 100. County People's Government in lukou town.
Youxian county covers an area of 265 1 km2 and has a registered population of 763,000. The postal code is 4 12300. County People's Government in Chengguan Town.
Chaling County covers an area of 2,507 square kilometers and has a registered population of 579,000. The postal code is 4 12400. County People's Government in Chengguan Town.
Yanling County covers an area of 203 1 km2, with a registered population of 1.85438+0 million. The postal code is 4 12500. County People's Government in xia yang Town.
Area code: 0733 (telephone number 0733-3 Liling 4 Youxian 5 Chaling 6 Yanling 7 Zhuzhou 8 City * Telecom 2 City * Tietong)
* Note: Some areas are not strictly allocated due to the vacancy of the number segment, wiring reasons or other special reasons.
License plate number: Hunan B {1 (Xiangba, B, C, D, 1, 2, 3, 4) Urban vehicle: Liling, Zhuzhou County, Xiangb5B6.
Xiang Youxian Xiang B8 Chaling Xiang B9 Yanling Xiang BH Liling and Youxian border area Xiang Xiang Bian Chu.
Car rental, bank cash transport, driving school coach car B00, government agency car BM, non-motor vehicle}
* Note: Some "special" license plates are not allocated, and some are not detailed enough, which needs to be investigated and updated.
Postal code: 412000 (all postal codes within 412000-412599 belong to Zhuzhou jurisdiction).
City Tree: Cinnamomum camphora
City flower: Acer truncatum
[Edit this paragraph] 2. natural conditions
Zhuzhou City is located at the west foot of Luo Xiao Mountain, where Nanling Mountain inclines to Jianghan Plain. The overall topography of this city is high in the southeast and low in the northwest. The topography in the north-central part is alternating with mountains and valleys, and the basins are distributed in strips; The southeast is mountainous, with overlapping mountains, heavy obstacles and magnificent terrain. General characteristics of natural conditions:
(1) belongs to subtropical monsoon humid climate, with warm climate, distinct seasons, abundant rainfall and long growing period. The wind is westerly in winter and southerly in summer.
(2) Urban landform type structure: the water area is 637.27 square kilometers, accounting for 5.66% of the total urban area; Plain 1843.25 square kilometers, accounting for16.37%; Lowland 1449.86 km2, accounting for12.87%; Gaogang land is 738.74 square kilometers, accounting for 6.56%; Hill 19 16.6 1 km2, accounting for17.02%; The mountainous area is 4676.47 square kilometers, accounting for 4 1.52%. The mountainous areas are mainly concentrated in the southeast of the city, and the hills are mostly in the north-central part of the city. The plain is distributed along the banks of Xiangjiang River.
(3) The mineral resources in Zhuzhou City have great potential economic value, and there are more than 40 kinds of metal and nonmetal minerals that have been proved. There are 34 mineral deposits1in the city, including 9 large and medium-sized mineral deposits1,86 small mineral deposits and 236 ore occurrences.
(4) Rivers in Zhuzhou City. Article 34 1 over 5 kilometers, article 30 19 over 30 kilometers, and article 7 over 100 kilometers all belong to Xiangjiang River system. The main stream of Xiangjiang River is 89.6 kilometers in Zhuzhou City, accounting for 10.46% of the total length of Xiangjiang River. There are large first-class tributaries of Xiangjiang River in the city, such as backwater and backwater. Xiangjiang River has four secondary tributaries, Taoshui, Youshui, Chengtan River and molten iron, which are over 100 km in length.
(5) The total water resources in Zhuzhou City is 62.9./kloc-0.80 billion cubic meters, including groundwater resources/kloc-0.87 billion cubic meters and surface water resources of 62.627 billion cubic meters. The underground water quality is good, and the water quality of reservoirs and ponds in surface water basically meets the surface water quality standards, but the river water quality is polluted to varying degrees.
(6) The plant species in Zhuzhou City are ancient, diverse, staggered and mixed. There are about 106 families, 296 genera and 884 species that are naturally distributed and introduced and cultivated. Among them, there are about 40 rare native tree species. The forest coverage rate of the whole city is 42.2%, and the standing stock is 1 1798500 cubic meters.
(7) Present situation of land use in the whole city: the total land area of the whole city 1 1262.2 square kilometers, accounting for 5.32% of the total land area of the whole province. Cultivated land is 207 172 hectares, accounting for18.39% of the total land area; Garden 16526 hectares, accounting for 0.47% of the total land area; 663,939 hectares of forest land, accounting for 58.95% of the total land area; Grassland is 248 1 hectare, accounting for 0.22% of the total land area; Residential and industrial land is 6876 1 hectare, accounting for 6.11%of the total land area; Traffic land is 8768 hectares, accounting for 0.78% of the total land area; The water area is 63,363 hectares, accounting for 5.63% of the total land area; The unused land is 952 10 hectare, accounting for 8.45% of the total land area.
[Edit this paragraph] III. traffic
Zhuzhou is an important transportation hub in the south of China, with superior geographical position and developed transportation. Zhuzhou is known as the "train dragging the city", where the three major railway lines of Beijing-Guangzhou, Zhejiang-Jiangxi and Hunan-Guizhou meet, and it is also known as the "northern Zhengnan factory" with Zhengzhou, the northern railway hub city. Zhuzhou Railway Station is one of the five major passenger and freight transport stations in China, which receives and dispatches trains every 3 minutes on average. Zhuzhou North Station is the largest freight marshalling station in the south of China, and it is also a special station, with an average daily throughput of10.7 million vehicles and a splitting capacity of10.2 million vehicles. Zhuzhou is a city with two railway stations. At the same time, Wuhan-Guangzhou high-speed railway has a first-class station in Zhuzhou.
Zhuzhou has convenient transportation, Xiangjiang River Fifth Bridge. The first Xiangjiang Bridge, namely Zhuzhou Bridge, Xiangjiang Bridge, Honggang Bridge, Xiangjiang Bridge, Tianyuan Bridge, Xiangjiang Bridge, Jianshe Road in Lusong District and Changjiang Road in Tianyuan District, constitutes the "inner ring" of Zhuzhou, with five roads, namely Shixiang Road, Tian Xiang Road, East Ring Road, South Ring Road and West Ring Road, three large urban overpasses, namely Donghu Bridge, Tianxin Bridge and Hongqi Bridge, and Shifeng Bridge and Xiangjiang Bridge. The urban rail transit line with a total length of 50 kilometers will be started in the near future, with a short-term investment of 6.8 billion yuan and a long-term investment of 7 billion yuan. The urban rail transit system consisting of 1 line of "Wuhan-Tiantai-Truffle-Dafeng" and Line 2 of "Fengxi-Tiantai-Dafeng-Tian Yun" is a herringbone "small loop".
Zhuzhou highway extends in all directions. National Highway 106, Provincial Highway 2 1 1, Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway, Tiantan Expressway, Shanghai-Kunming Expressway, the planned Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway Double Line, Shangrui Expressway and the "Three South" Highway connecting southern Fujian, southern Jiangxi and southern Hunan all pass through the territory, and Xiangjiang, the second largest tributary of the Yangtze River, passes through the city. Thousands-ton ships travel along the Xiangjiang River, the Yangtze River and Shanghai, reaching all parts of the world. In terms of air transportation, Zhuzhou is 4 1.629 kilometers away from Huanghua International Airport, and it takes more than 20 minutes to get there from Changzhou-Zhuhai Expressway.
After the opening of the "Hengchaji" railway and "Hengyan" expressway under construction, Zhuzhou will realize the county-to-county railway and county-to-county expressway, and its position as a strong traffic city will be further consolidated.
[Edit this paragraph] 4. historical development
Zhuzhou was called Jianning in ancient times and Tanzhou later, which was first seen in the anthology of Southern Song Dynasty. The word "Zhu" may be taken from the word "Zhu" in the field. Zhuzhou and Zhutian are miles apart, and Zhutian was famous in the Five Dynasties. The word "continent" takes the ancient word "continent" and takes the banks of Xiangjiang River as the continent. Siamese place names. It is also called "Yun Zhou" because there are many trees there. "Cloud" and "Zhu" are homophonic. The name of Zhuzhou has been used ever since Shao Xiyuan (A.D. 1 190) in the Southern Song Dynasty.
In ancient times, Yan Di Shennong, the ancestor of the Chinese nation, was buried in Luyuanpi, Yanling County. According to archaeological findings, in Huang Xia, Liushajing, Zhuzhou County, there are Daxi cultural sites belonging to the early Neolithic Age more than 6,000 years ago and Longshan cultural sites belonging to the late Neolithic Age more than 4,000 years ago.
During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Zhuzhou was a county in central Guizhou. In 223 BC, the Qin Dynasty destroyed Chu and Wuzhong County, and Zhuzhou belonged to it. In 202 BC, Changsha State was established, and Zhuzhou was the territory of Changsha State. In 2 14 AD, Wu Dong of the Three Kingdoms set up Jianning County here, Sun Quan cut the east of Hunan County, set up Jianning County along the east bank of Xiangjiang River, and built county towns on both sides of Jiefang Street in Qingyun Mountain and Nanhu Street in Jianning Port in Zhuzhou City, which belonged to Changsha County and was the beginning of the establishment of Zhuzhou County. Jianning county has a developed business and was once destroyed by war. In 589 AD, Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty opened the emperor for nine years, and the Sui Dynasty destroyed Chen and abolished Jianning. In 62 1 year, in the fourth year of Wude, Tang Gaozu, Jianning County was restored, belonging to Nanyun County; Six years later, in the first year of Emperor Taizong, Jianning was merged into Xiangtan. In the seventh year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty, Jiangxi merchants built Jianning Wharf in Zhuzhou, and their businesses developed again. The trade of wood, tea, rice, meat, eggs, porcelain, firecrackers, grass cloth and home-made paper ranks first in Xiangtan market town. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, with the construction of Guangdong-Han and Zhuping railways and the networking of Xiangjiang River, the advantages of land and water transportation were formed. There are more than 30,000 households in Zhuzhou Town, and most of them live in Jiefang Street and Jianning Street. /kloc-in 0/4, Peng (underground party member) and his friends jointly opened a rice shop in Xinjie (Jianning Street) in Zhuzhou. The following year, Zhuzhou Merchants Association initiated and served as executive chairman, and established 16 trade associations in grain, southern goods, cotton cloth, department stores, sewing, hardware, gardening, hairdressing and other industries. In 33, the Japanese army invaded Zhuzhou and most of the houses were destroyed. After Japan surrendered, most residents in the township rebuilt their homes in situ. By 1949, most of the houses have been restored, and most of them have wooden frame walls, Chinese fir bark or small blue tile roofs. Zhuzhou was always under the jurisdiction of Xiangtan County before liberation.
1On August 3, 949, Zhuzhou was declared liberated. 12 On August 2, the People's Government of Zhuzhou District, Xiangtan County was established. 1951may, Zhuzhou was included in the municipality directly under the central government from Xiangtan county, and was led by Changsha as an agent. 1June, 953, Zhuzhou was upgraded to a provincial city, led by Xiangtan as an agent. During the First Five-Year Plan period, Zhuzhou was listed as one of the eight key industrial cities in China. Four of the 156 key projects aided by the Soviet Union were built in Zhuzhou, namely Zhuzhou Cemented Carbide Factory, Southern Power Machinery Company, Zhuzhou Power Plant and Zhuzhou Coal Preparation Plant. Subsequently, more than 20 central and provincial enterprises such as Zhuzhou Smelter, Zhuzhou Chemical Plant, Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Factory and Zhuzhou Vehicle Factory were arranged. 1 In March 1956, Zhuzhou was upgraded to a prefecture-level city, directly led by the provincial party committee, and became the1th prefecture-level city in Hunan Province except Changsha, the provincial capital. 1April, 965, Zhuzhou county was established as a city jurisdiction. 1May, 983, with the approval of the State Council, Liling County (city), Youxian County, Chaling County and Lingxian County (now Yanling County) originally belonging to Xiangtan area were placed under the jurisdiction of Zhuzhou City, and * * * governed four districts (including suburbs) and five counties (cities) of the city. 1992 Approved by the State Council, Zhuzhou High-tech Industrial Development Zone (national level) was established on the west bank of Xiangjiang River in the urban area. By 1997, with the approval of the State Council, Zhuzhou cancelled the suburban organizational system, and the urban area was divided into four administrative regions: Tianyuan, Truffle, Tanghe and Shifeng.
Zhuzhou is an important birthplace of Yanhuang culture. Yan Di Shennong, the ancestor of the Chinese nation and the founder of farming culture, was buried in Luyuanpo, Yanling County. During the Three Kingdoms period, Sun Quan made Jianye his capital and set up Jianning County. Zhou Yu, with a black silk scarf and a feather fan, performed many touching stories in this land. Du Fu, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, was attached to the beautiful scenery of eastern Hunan and his family lived here. In the last two years of his life, he was ill, alone, and swam back to Xiangjiang twice, leaving more than ten poems. The tomb of the famous discerning woman in the Tang Dynasty is located in the west hill of Liling, Zhuzhou. The stone wall of Gao Long is engraved with the word "Guangquan" inscribed by Yue Fei, a famous Song Dynasty soldier. Zhu Zeng, a great scholar in Song Dynasty, gave lectures in Zhuzhou twice, which was named after him. Xu Xiake, a great traveler in Ming Dynasty, left a diary for Yunyang Mountain, Lingyan Temple and Maye Cave in Chaling, recording the famous mountains and rivers in Zhuzhou. Li Dongyang, a great scholar in the Ming Dynasty, lived at the age of 50. As the representative of Chaling Poetry School, he engraved the name of his hometown "Chaling" in the history of China literature forever.
Zhuzhou has a glorious page in the history of China people's revolution and is one of the important revolutionary cradles in China. Zuo Quan, Tan Zhenlin, Geng Biao, Chen Mingren and other world-famous military generals also came from Zhuzhou. Chaling and Yanling (formerly Lingxian) are important parts of Jinggangshan revolutionary base. Mao Zedong and Zhu De first met in Shidu, Yanling County. For the first time, the Red Army built a party branch in Lianjian, and personally presided over the ceremony for Red Army soldiers to join the Party, which was held in Yejiaci, Shuikou Town, Yanling County. Mao Zedong personally approved the establishment of the first county-level red regime in Jinggangshan, namely the government of workers, peasants and soldiers in Chaling County. Mao Zedong personally presided over and made a major decision of "withdrawing Changsha, returning to Jiangxi and attacking Ji 'an", which was called by American writer Smedley as "Zhu De and Mao Zedong took the most important step in their lives and reversed the serious crisis of the China revolutionary movement", and held a meeting of the General Front Committee of the Red Army in the former Xie Feng Silk Shop in Xujiaqiaotou, Zhuzhou City. There are Li's former residence, General Zuo Quan's Monument and Tan Zhenlin's Tomb in Zhuzhou. Zhuzhou is a red holy land. * * * The first batch of (1955— 1964) conferring titles in the Republic of China produced ten marshals and numerous generals. Among them, Zhuzhou General 4 1, Chaling County alone has 25 generals, and Chaling has become a famous "hometown of generals".