2. Three islands of different origins in Oceania.
Mainland islands: New Guinea (Irian Island), North and South Islands of New Zealand, etc. Originally a part of the mainland, it was later separated from the mainland due to crustal collapse or sea level rise. The area is larger and the terrain is higher.
Volcanic island: submarine volcano erupts, with high altitude and steep terrain, such as Hawaii Islands.
Coral Island: It is formed by the accumulation of coral relics, with small area and low terrain.
3. The topographical features of eastern, central and western Australia are as follows
East: The Great Divide, the largest river in China, murray river, rises in its west side and flows into the Indian Ocean.
Central part: Plain, with huge artesian basin, and the lowest part is Lake Bell.
West: low plateau, accounting for half of the country's area.
4. Animals are unique and ancient because:
Ancient and unique, such as kangaroos, emus, platypus and so on.
Reasons: Isolated geographical location, single natural conditions, lack of large carnivores (natural enemies), slow animal evolution.
The climate of Australia is semicircle. Reason:
① The influence of northwest monsoon and southeast trade wind in the north, and the seasonal variation of precipitation.
(2) The eastern windward slope is rich in precipitation, with tropical rain forest climate at low latitude and subtropical humid climate in the south; The precipitation on the leeward slope decreases, and the grassland transits to the desert. The westerly belt control area forms a temperate maritime climate.
③ The subtropical high belt and westerly belt in the south alternately control the formation of Mediterranean climate, and the transition to the inland is grassland and desert.
④ The western region is affected by subtropical high all the year round, and the precipitation is scarce, forming a desert climate.
6. Australian economy
There are modern agriculture, animal husbandry, industry and mining. Wool and wheat are famous all over the world, and they are called "the country riding on the back of sheep". There are many exports of coal and iron ore, so it is called "a country sitting on a mine car". At present, the service industry has greatly surpassed agriculture, animal husbandry and industrial and mining to become the economic pillar.
17, Antarctica is extremely cold because:
1 high latitude? Located at high latitudes, the ground receives the least sunlight and heat in one year, resulting in severe cold.
② High terrain? The plateau topography and huge ice layer in Antarctica aggravate the cold climate and form a severe cold.
③ High air pressure? Extreme cold makes Antarctica the center of polar high pressure, and polar easterly winds often blow counterclockwise from the center of the continent to the edge (that is, from land to sea). The precipitation is scarce and the wind is extremely strong, which leads to drought and strong wind. Extreme cold makes precipitation appear in the form of blizzard, and long-term snow has formed a huge and deep continental ice sheet. Strong winds, snowstorms and huge ice sheets are the reasons for the extreme cold in the Antarctic continent.
4 ocean current? 400 south latitude? The continuous westerly circulation of 600 degrees creates a special "wind wall", which hinders the heat exchange between Antarctica and low latitudes, and is also one of the reasons for the extremely cold climate in this area.
9. The main resources of Antarctica:
Freshwater resources: The volume accounts for more than 90% of the glacier volume. It is the continent with the richest freshwater resources in the world, and there are many icebergs in the surrounding ocean.
Mineral resources: Coal (Victoria) and iron (Indian Ocean coast) are the most abundant.
Biological resources: krill, whales, seals and penguins.
10, which of China Yellow River Station, Zhongshan Station and Great Wall Station has the diurnal extreme phenomenon? Which is the longest?
The Yellow River Station and Zhongshan Station in China have extreme days and nights. Among them, the Yellow River Station is longer, because the latitude position of the Yellow River Station is higher than that of Zhongshan Station, and the higher the latitude in the polar circle, the longer the polar day and night time; In summer, the speed of the earth's revolution around the sun is slower, and the time required is longer than that in winter, so is the polar day in the Arctic Circle.