1 reclaimed water reuse technology. Reclaimed water, as the second water source with good and stable water quality, can achieve good water-saving effect by recycling it. Reclaimed water recycling technology has been developed abroad for a long time, and has also formed a technical system, which has achieved good economic and environmental benefits. Japan is a country with very mature reclaimed water technology. As early as the 1990s, Tokyo planned to build reclaimed water systems in 458 buildings and 2 industrial zones, with 74,000 m3/d reclaimed water, and the water saving rate of buildings reached 76%. In the evaluation standard of green buildings in Hebei province, it is also stated that rainwater and reclaimed water are given priority in landscape water supply, rather than municipal water supply and self-provided underground wells. In addition, circulating water treatment equipment can be set up to recycle landscape water. Water in buildings is generally reclaimed water, and all kinds of drainage can be used as non-drinking water in municipal and environmental areas after being treated to meet the specified standards. The sources of reclaimed water generally include bath drainage, laundry drainage, washing drainage, kitchen drainage, toilet drainage and air conditioning cooling water. Reclaimed water is not a single water source. These water sources are generally divided into three categories: high-quality miscellaneous drainage: air conditioning cooling water, shower drainage, toilet drainage and other water sources with better water quality; Miscellaneous drainage (grey water): domestic drainage except toilet drainage; Domestic sewage (black water): all domestic drainage.
The treatment process of reclaimed water can be generally divided into three categories: physical and chemical treatment, biological treatment and membrane treatment. Physical and chemical treatment is based on the combination of coagulation and sedimentation (air flotation) technology and filtration technology. Biological treatment is to degrade the organic matter in sewage through the adsorption and oxidation of aerobic microorganisms, and membrane treatment mainly uses various types of filter membranes for treatment. At present, the reclaimed water reuse system of green buildings generally uses high-quality miscellaneous drainage or miscellaneous drainage as the renewable water source, which is used for greening irrigation and driveway cleaning after simple treatment. At present, the most effective water-saving measures are because of the large amount of building drainage, and high-quality miscellaneous drainage accounts for a large proportion. However, because the construction of reclaimed water reuse system will increase the construction cost, the later operation needs personnel management, and the economic benefit is not obvious, so it is difficult to popularize.
2 rainwater collection and reuse technology
1. Development status of rainwater collection and reuse technology at home and abroad: With the continuous improvement of people's awareness of water saving, the development of rainwater collection and reuse projects in buildings has been paid more and more attention. As a clean water source, rainwater has high utilization value. Using rainwater resources through some engineering measures can not only reduce the use of tap water, but also reduce the displacement by recharging groundwater, thus reducing the risk of urban floods. Therefore, rainwater collection and reuse can not only save water, but also supplement groundwater resources, which is one of the important measures for the sustainable development of urban water environment. Foreign countries attach great importance to the utilization of rainwater resources. Since the early 1960s, developed countries have carried out research on the utilization of rainwater resources, and rainwater collection and utilization are also regarded as an important part of urban planning. Developed countries have gradually formed a rainwater resource utilization system of "using first and then discharging" by formulating rainwater utilization laws and regulations and building rainwater collection and reuse facilities.
However, with the concept of low-impact development (LID) put forward, the concept of rainwater resources utilization has also changed, so try not to change the hydrological state of this area. Therefore, at present, emerging cities in developed countries try their best to keep runoff in a natural state through reasonable hydrological design and comprehensive utilization of seepage, filtration, evaporation and storage, so that the hydrological function of urban development areas will not change as much as possible, which is of great significance to the sustainable development of cities. The utilization of urban rainwater in China started late and did not form a complete system. Although the rainwater utilization norms adapted to local conditions have been compiled and some rainwater collection demonstration projects have been completed, the effective utilization of rainwater resources has not yet been formed.
2. Rainwater Collection and Reuse Technology: The control item in the Evaluation Standard of Green Building in Hebei Province stipulates that non-traditional water sources such as rainwater and reclaimed water should have sufficient disinfection and sterilization ability in the process of storage, transportation and distribution, and the water quality will not be polluted to ensure the safety of water quality; When rainwater and reclaimed water are used as landscape water in residential areas, both waterscape design and water quality safety measures should be considered in the stage of waterscape planning and design. Therefore, we can know that the rainwater collection and reuse technology in green buildings must first ensure that the water quality reaches the standard, so the treatment facilities should be added in the design and the conventional treatment process should be adopted: rainwater → initial waste → reservoir sedimentation → filtration → disinfection → effluent. Combined with the present situation of rainwater utilization in Hebei Province, the following rainwater collection and reuse technologies can be adopted: permeable ground. There is no technical difficulty in enhancing the water permeability of the ground and the construction cost is low.
In addition, it can replenish groundwater, reduce the load of urban drainage system, improve microclimate, reduce heat island effect and reduce flood peak flow, which is of great significance to improve urban ecological environment. Rainwater on the roof of buildings or roads, squares, green spaces, etc. Be collected and reused. After preliminary measures such as flow abandonment and sewage interception, it will enter the water storage facilities, be treated and disinfected by the rainwater treatment station, enter the clear water pool, and then be pumped back by the reuse pump for outdoor non-drinking water projects such as greening, car washing, road sprinkling, basement flushing, etc., in which water-saving irrigation is adopted for greening.
3 water-saving measures: water-saving measures refer to some technical measures to reduce water consumption in order to save water, mainly in the following ways:
1. Reduce the leakage of pipe network: According to the data in Statistical Yearbook of Urban Construction, the total water leakage in China in 20 10 is 62.7552× 108m3, which shows that the water wasted due to the leakage of pipe network is huge. The leakage of pipe network is mainly caused by pipeline aging and backward technical means. By selecting new pipes, high-quality water supply fittings and reasonable connection methods, the leakage of pipe network can be effectively reduced.
2. Water-saving appliances: A survey shows that the water consumption for bathing and flushing toilets can account for more than 50% of the total water consumption of the whole family. According to the evaluation standard of green building in Hebei province, water-saving faucet, water-saving toilet, water-saving shower device, etc. Reasonable selection according to different water use occasions. Water-saving appliances should be used in industrialized renovated residential buildings and residential suites. The use of water-saving appliances can effectively achieve the effect of water saving.
3. Adopting reasonable water supply zoning: By adopting reasonable water supply zoning, the overpressure outflow of water appliances can be effectively reduced, and better water-saving effect can be achieved.
Two. conclusion
With the deepening of the concept of green building, the continuous improvement of people's awareness of water saving and the introduction of national policies have provided a good guarantee for the development of green buildings. As an important part of green building, water supply and drainage technical measures directly determine the water-saving effect of the building. According to the development status of green buildings in Hebei Province, combined with the existing water supply and drainage technical measures, some technical measures suitable for green buildings are put forward and discussed.
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