Recent accounting distortion cases

1, accounting distortion case 1 In recent years, Zhejiang JY Group Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as JY Group) was established in 1993. Is a well-known large-scale private enterprise, mainly engaged in the manufacture, processing and sales of food and beverage. The annual accounting statements of JY Group in 2009 were compiled by JY Group Headquarters, Hangzhou SL Food Industry and Trade Company (hereinafter referred to as JY Hangzhou), Zhejiang Tonglu JY Royal Industrial Company (hereinafter referred to as JY Tonglu), Zhejiang JY Group Jiaxing Health Beverage Factory (hereinafter referred to as JY Jiaxing) and Zhejiang JY Group Fuling Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as JY Fuling). The consolidated accounting statements for 2009 reflect that the total assets of the Group at the end of the year were 453.82 million yuan, the total liabilities were 272.96 million yuan, the owner's equity was180.86 million yuan, and the total profit was 2170 million yuan. The accounting statements of that year were not audited by social intermediary institutions. In July 2009, the Finance Department sent an inspection team to inspect the accounting information quality of JY Group and its four subsidiaries (1999). Inspection found that JY Group's financial management is chaotic, accounting is not standardized, basic work is weak, and accounting information is seriously distorted. After checking and adjusting the accounting statements, the actual assets of the group are 200.98 million yuan, the liabilities are156.67 million yuan, the owners' equity is 443 1000 yuan, and the total profit is 327 1000 yuan. Assets, liabilities and owners' equity increased by 126%, 74% and 308% respectively, and the profit increased by 34.88 million yuan. The results of the inspection were announced by the financial department, which aroused strong repercussions in the society. As can be seen from the above data, some private owners are driven by their own will and interests. The phenomenon of chaotic internal financial management, weak basic work and serious distortion of accounting information in private enterprises is still widespread at present. Therefore, private enterprises must constantly strengthen internal financial management and establish a complete and scientific accounting system as the basis for scientific management and good operation of enterprises, so as to promote the rapid and healthy development of private enterprises. The case of accounting information distortion in JY Group illustrates the urgency of this task with irrefutable facts. Through it, we can at least get the following enlightenment: first, the employment system of private enterprises; Family management of private enterprises often adopts cronyism management, which is not conducive to attracting high-tech and senior management talents. We should use the modern company system to manage human resources, establish new labor relations, and recruit all kinds of talents for enterprises according to the principles of socialization and marketization. The second is to strengthen the accounting supervision and guidance of private enterprises; First of all, enterprises must set up financial personnel to record, calculate and reflect the business activities of enterprises. Secondly, it is necessary to strengthen the cultivation of professional quality and moral awareness of financial personnel. Finally, in order to improve the accounting system and the internal management system of enterprises, we must guide the public to attach importance to the necessity of establishing enterprise accounting system from the height of law. Third, strengthen financial management; From the perspective of JY Group, firstly, managers do not attach importance to financial management. They often regard enterprise management, market development and brand strategy as the top priority of enterprise development, weaken the position of financial accounting in enterprises and ignore the important role of financial management in enterprise development. Therefore, if private enterprises want to develop further, they must change their management concepts, truly establish the idea that "management is productivity", strengthen accounting, strengthen the core position of financial management in enterprise management, and demand benefits from financial management. Two. The full name of Yinguangxia Company is Xia Guang (Yinchuan) Industrial Co., Ltd., and the current stock name is ST Yinguangxia (000557). 1994 Yinguangxia Company, which went public in June, was once called "the first blue chip in China" because of its impressive performance and attractive prospects. In August, 20001year, Caijing magazine published the article "Yin Trap", which exposed the event of negative fictitious financial statements. According to the expert's opinion, what Tianjin Xia Guang exported to German Chengxin Trading Company was "impossible output, impossible price and impossible products". With the capacity of Tianjin Xia Guang extraction equipment, even if it runs overnight, it can't produce the claimed quantity; The export price of products extracted from Tianjin Xia Guang is almost absurd; Some products in the export contract to Germany cannot be extracted by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction equipment at all. (2) The profit rate of doubt (1) was as high as 46% (in 2000), while the profit rate of listed companies in agriculture, Chinese herbal medicines and wine in Shenzhen and Shanghai rarely exceeded 20%. (2) If the export declared by Tianjin Xia Guang is true, according to the provisions of China's tax law, tens of millions of export tax rebates should be handled, but there is no export tax rebate item in the annual report. In 2000, the gross profit of the company's industrial production income was 543 million yuan. According to the tax rate of 17%, the company should pay at least 923 1 ten thousand yuan of value-added tax. However, the company disclosed that the balance of value-added tax payable at the end of 2000 was negative, which not only failed to pay, but also was not fully deducted. (3) In 2000, the company's sales revenue and accounts receivable kept growing in sync, and the monetary funds and total accounts receivable also kept growing in sync with short-term loans. Considering that the company's sales and capital withdrawal in that year were not ideal, it is obvious that the company hopes to show its sales and payment by hoarding huge monetary funds. (4) Fedelity Trading GmBH, which signed a contract with a total amount of 6 billion yuan, only contacted Yinguangxia on a single line. It is a century-old shop, but it is actually a small trading company with a registered capital of only 654.38 million marks. (5) Raw materials are purchased in large quantities, all of which are integer tonnage. If you buy thousands of tons of cinnamon and ginger at a time, I'm afraid the whole factory can't hold up, and the warehouse and technology are not allowed to be inspected by outsiders. (6) Extraction technology consumes a lot of electricity at high temperature and high pressure, but the water and electricity fee of 1999 was only 200,000, and in 2000 it was only 700,000. (7) All financial data before1998 mysteriously "disappeared". 2. The governance of accounting information distortion is complicated. It boils down to two purposes, a solid foundation and determination. Just like all social evils, they can't be eradicated overnight, but need systematic research and systematic basic preparation. -Governance at the professional or industry level. First of all, from the defects of accounting theory and accounting methods. Correctly treat and deal with the relationship between the reliability and relevance of accounting information, only by taking the reliability of accounting information as the essential requirement and soul of financial accounting can the authenticity of accounting information be further improved. Secondly, establish a perfect accounting standard system. As soon as possible, specific accounting standards will be issued, so that accounting reaction and supervision will have more accurate standards, and the recognition and measurement of accounting matters will be less subjective. Third, reform the management system and establish an accountant appointment system. Fourth, establish and improve the supervision and management measures for certified public accountants, straighten out the entrustment relationship, and change from direct entrustment by enterprises to entrustment by information users and pay the fees. -Governance at the social level. Focus on three points: strengthen the education of honesty and morality, strengthen the quality education of unit leaders, and strengthen the inspection and supervision of the government and relevant functional departments. -Governance at the legal level. On the one hand, improve the civil compensation system and greatly increase the expected cost of making false accounts. On the other hand, it is necessary to strictly legislate to put an end to criminal dead ends. Strictly identify mistakes, violations and crimes in accounting activities, and treat them with education, punishment and disciplinary methods and attitudes respectively.