Is Qinghai Lake the largest saltwater lake in China?
Yes, the largest saltwater lake in China is Qinghai Lake.
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Qinghai Lake, also known as Qinghai Lake? Cao wenbu? Which is Tibetan? Blue sea? Qinghai Lake Basin, located in the northwest of Qinghai Province, is the largest inland lake in China and the largest saltwater lake in China. It is formed by the fault subsidence between Datong Mountain, Sun Moon Mountain and Nanshan Mountain in Qinghai.
Qinghai Lake is located in the plateau, and the average daily temperature in July and August is only about 15 degrees. At this time, it is the most beautiful time in Qinghai Lake. Thousands of acres of rape flowers around the lake are in full bloom, with blue waves and bright yellow. Wild flowers in alpine pastures are colorful and silky, and countless cattle and sheep are fat and strong.
20 12 On July 30th, the latest remote sensing monitoring results of Qinghai Institute of Meteorological Science showed that the area of Qinghai Lake continued to increase for 8 years.
Context change
Due to the blockage of the leakage passage, Qinghai Lake has evolved into a closed lake. Coupled with the dry climate, Qinghai Lake has gradually changed from a freshwater lake to a saltwater lake. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, the circumference of Qinghai Lake was thousands of miles, in the Tang Dynasty it was 400 kilometers, and in the Qing Dynasty it was reduced to 350 kilometers. There is an ancient lake embankment about 20 kilometers in front of the Buha River Delta. ChaHancheng (built in Han Dynasty), 25 kilometers east of the lake, was originally by the lake. The east and west sides retreated 25 km and 20 km respectively, and the water level dropped by about 100 m. Qinghai Lake is oval with a circumference of more than 300 kilometers.
1908, Russian ke Zlov speculated that the water level of the lake was 3,205 meters and the lake area was 4,800 square kilometers. Surveying and mapping data in 1950s showed that the lake area of Qinghai Lake was more than 4,568 square kilometers. The topographic map published in 1970s measured that the water level of the lake was about 31.95m.. The lake area is 4473 square kilometers; 1988, the water level is 3 193.59 meters, and the lake area is 4282 square kilometers. In 2000, through the analysis of remote sensing satellite data, the area of Qinghai Lake was more than 4,256.04 square kilometers. August 20 13, Qinghai Lake covers an area of 4,337.48 square kilometers. The volume of the lake is 73.9 billion cubic meters, the longest is about 104 km, the widest is about 62 km, the maximum water depth is 3 1.4 m, the average salinity of the lake is 12.32 g/L, and the salt content is 1.25%.
geographical position
Qinghai Lake is located about 130km west of Xining, with a circumference of 360km, an area of 4400km2 and an altitude of 3260m. It is the largest inland plateau lake in China.
natural environment
climate
Scenery of Qinghai Lake Qinghai Lake is a plateau continental climate with abundant sunshine and strong sunshine. Leng Xia is cool in winter, with short warm season and long cold season, and there are many strong winds and sandstorms in spring; Less rainfall, rain and heat in the same season, and clear dry and wet seasons.
illuminate
The sunshine hours in the lake area are mostly more than 3000 hours, which is about 700 hours higher than that in the same latitude area east of Qinghai. The annual sunshine percentage is 68 ~ 69%. The annual total radiation is171.461~106.693 kcal/cm2? The annual height is10 ~ 40kcal/cm2 higher than that of North China Plain and Loess Plateau at the same latitude? A few years.
temperature
The temperature in the east and south of the lake area is slightly higher, with an annual average temperature of 1. 1 ~ 0.3℃. It is slightly lower in the west and north, with annual average temperature of -0.8 ~ 0.6℃, average maximum temperature of 6.7 ~ 8.7℃, average minimum temperature of -6.7 ~ 4.9℃, extreme maximum temperature of 25℃ and 24.4℃, and extreme minimum temperature of -3 1 ~-33.4℃.
moisture
The annual precipitation in the lake area is less. But the eastern and southern regions are slightly higher than the northern and western regions. The annual precipitation in the eastern region is 4 12.8mm, the southern region is 359.4 mm, the northwest region is 370.3 mm, and the western region is 360.4 mm and 324.5 mm The annual evaporation 1502mm far exceeds the precipitation. The seasonal variation of precipitation in the lake area is great, mostly concentrated in May-September, with the same season of rain and heat.
Strong winds and sandstorms
The number of windy and sandstorm days in the lake area is one of the more areas in the province. From February to April every year, it is windy from afternoon to evening, and the northwest wind prevails. Take Gangcha as an example. Strong wind (? 17m/s) averaged 47.3 days, with the maximum in February-April, averaging 5.9-9.3 days, and the maximum in March 19 days. The average sandstorm over the years is 14 days. The north wind of Dorsey in Bird Island area of Buha River mouth, a key protected area, has a maximum wind force of 9 ~ 10. Because of the high altitude in the lake area, there are many winds in the west of the lake, and the influence of high altitude is great, which is often controlled by the west wind all the year round. The wind speed is the largest in winter and spring, and smaller in summer and autumn. Under the action of wind, the waves are generally 2 ~ 3, and the maximum is 7 ~ 8. The number of days of waves above magnitude 6 is about 40 days a year.
water temperature
The water temperature in Qinghai Lake changes with the seasons. In summer, the temperature of lake water has obvious positive temperature layer phenomenon, and the highest temperature in August is 22.3℃, with an average of 65438 06℃. The lower temperature of water is low, with an average water temperature of 9.5℃ and a minimum of 6℃. In autumn, due to the windy lake area, the lake was stirred and the phenomenon of water temperature stratification basically disappeared. In winter, the lake freezes and the temperature of the lake is upside down. In June+10/October, 5438, the upper temperature of the lake was -0.9℃ and the bottom temperature was 3.3℃. After thawing in spring, the water temperature of the lake began to rise again, gradually returning to the water temperature in summer and season.