Many patients with hypertension are easy to fall into misunderstanding during the process of blood pressure reduction, especially when taking antihypertensive drugs, because the wrong concept of taking drugs will bring harm to their health.
Myth 1: Blood pressure is higher than normal, but there are no symptoms (no discomfort). It doesn't seem to affect work and life, so you don't need to take medicine. Shen39 Forum Home 2K6|3N3E]K-D%D
Many people have this idea, which is related to the lack of basic knowledge of hypertension. In fact, no symptoms do not mean that blood pressure is not high; There are many symptoms, and blood pressure is not necessarily high. In other words, blood pressure is not directly proportional to symptoms. Therefore, although there are no symptoms of hypertension such as dizziness, insomnia and numbness of fingers, if you find that your blood pressure is high (systolic blood pressure is greater than or equal to140mmhg or diastolic blood pressure is greater than or equal to 90mmhg), you must go to a regular hospital for examination and take medicine according to the doctor's advice.
Myth 2: When taking antihypertensive drugs, blindly pursue antihypertensive effect and do not understand the harm of blood pressure fluctuation. The principle of lowering blood pressure is effective and stable, especially stable, because the fluctuation of blood pressure is often the cause of stroke. If we blindly pursue the effect of lowering blood pressure and ignore the stability of blood pressure, it may lead to insufficient blood supply to the heart, brain and kidney, resulting in serious adverse consequences. Therefore, short-acting antihypertensive drugs are not suitable for patients with cardiac, cerebral and renal insufficiency. Myth 3: Ignore the side effects of antihypertensive drugs.
In fact, antihypertensive drugs have some side effects, such as drowsiness, dizziness and abdominal distension in methyldopa. You Jiangning has many adverse reactions, such as nausea, vomiting, insomnia, dreaminess and disorientation. It is not suitable for patients with malignant hypertension, advanced renal failure, hyperthyroidism and psychosis. Captopril can cause cough, rash and other adverse reactions, so pregnant women and lactating women should not take it. All patients with the above symptoms should take medicine under the guidance of a doctor.
Myth 4: You can stop taking medicine immediately when your blood pressure drops to normal.
Except for a few patients with early mild hypertension who can control their blood pressure by reducing salt intake, quitting smoking and limiting alcohol, eliminating anxiety and mental stress, most patients with hypertension need to take medicine for life, even if their blood pressure drops to normal, they can't stop taking medicine, otherwise their blood pressure will return to the pre-treatment level sooner or later, thus causing "withdrawal syndrome" or inducing serious heart, brain, kidney and vascular diseases. The correct medication method is that after the blood pressure is effectively controlled at the normal level for one year, patients can gradually reduce the types and doses of drugs under the guidance of doctors, and achieve the best therapeutic effect with the least amount of drugs.
Myth 5: The more antihypertensive drugs you take, the faster your blood pressure drops; The faster the blood pressure drops, the sooner the condition will get better.
"Doctor, why do I have so little medicine? Can this cure the disease? " Outpatients often encounter such patients. In fact, the more drugs you take, the better the effect, and so do antihypertensive drugs. The purpose of taking antihypertensive drugs is to lower blood pressure. If one antihypertensive drug can only smoothly lower blood pressure once a day, in principle, the second drug will not be added. If the patient increases the dosage and variety of drugs without authorization, it will not only fail to achieve good antihypertensive effect, but will endanger life. In addition, the sooner the blood pressure drops, the better. If the blood pressure drops too much, patients will have discomfort symptoms such as dizziness and palpitation, and even have adverse complications. Therefore, an experienced doctor usually uses the least amount of medicine to maximize the curative effect of patients.
Myth 6: The more expensive antihypertensive drugs are, the better the antihypertensive effect will be.
In fact, this is a completely wrong understanding. The price of drugs is not necessarily proportional to the effect. Because there are many factors that determine the price of drugs, it is by no means a "hypotensive effect." Some cheap antihypertensive drugs of the public also have good curative effect, and the key depends on whether they are taken properly.
Myth 7: Everything will be fine after taking antihypertensive drugs. The first article of Shen 39 Forum is that hypertension is mainly caused by unscientific lifestyle. Smoking and drinking, excessive salt, inactivity and psychological imbalance are all important causes of hypertension. Patients with hypertension should pay more attention to lifestyle than healthy people, such as quitting smoking and limiting alcohol, and living rules. When using diuretics, the urine output should also be recorded. If you urinate a lot, you should eat more foods with high potassium content such as bananas, kelp, olives, plums, lotus seeds, hazelnuts, walnuts, beans, bean products and buckwheat. It should also be noted that hypertensive patients should not take antihypertensive drugs before going to bed. Patients must not take medicine as soon as they see the increase in blood pressure, and quickly reduce the increased blood pressure to normal. Blood pressure fluctuates too much, which is not good for health. Blood pressure is the pressure produced by blood flowing in blood vessels on the wall of blood vessels. If the pressure is too high, the pressure on the blood vessel wall will increase. In addition, the intimal function of patients with hypertension is not good, and medication is easy to cause arterial wall rupture and bleeding. It's like a water pipe. If the wall of the water pipe is not firm, tap water will come out through the wall. Therefore, patients with hypertension should choose appropriate antihypertensive drugs under the guidance of doctors to achieve the best antihypertensive effect with the minimum dose.
Tips when is it good to take antihypertensive drugs?
Suitable for fasting: perindopril, lisinopril, nitrendipine, etc.
Suitable for taking after meals are: captopril, metoprolol, celilol, felodipine and nifedipine.
4, the four principles of hypertension treatment
Hypertension is a common disease in middle-aged and elderly people. Because the disease can lead to many complications, such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, how to control blood pressure at an ideal level has become the common wish of all hypertensive patients. Clinically, patients with hypertension should follow the following four treatment principles besides reasonable diet, proper exercise, quitting smoking and drinking, and psychological balance:
First, taking medicine takes a lifetime. Hypertension can be divided into primary and secondary. Secondary hypertension is caused by some diseases (kidney, cerebrovascular, endocrine diseases, etc.). Once the cause is removed, the patient's blood pressure can return to normal without taking medicine for life. The cause of essential hypertension is still unknown, and it cannot be cured at present. Patients need to take medicine for life.
In real life, some patients with hypertension stop taking medicine after a period of treatment, and their blood pressure is close to normal, which is very wrong. Because the patient's blood pressure can rise again after stopping the drug, even if it is not very high, the damage to the heart, brain and kidney can not be ignored. Therefore, patients with blood pressure higher than 150/95 mm Hg or blood pressure around 140/90 mm Hg, but accompanied by obesity, dyslipidemia, diabetes, etc. You should stick to taking medicine for life.
Second, medication should be timed. People's blood pressure is not constant within 24 hours a day, but fluctuates according to certain rules. When people sleep, their blood pressure will drop greatly. If you forget to take antihypertensive drugs during the day and take them before going to bed at night, your blood pressure may drop too low at night, especially for the elderly, which may easily lead to ischemic stroke. About 40% of fatal cerebrovascular accidents are related to hypotension. Therefore, elderly hypertensive patients should not take medicine before going to bed. Increased blood pressure during the day is related to activities after waking up. Many studies show that people's blood pressure is the highest at 8 ~ 1 1 and around 3 ~ 5 pm, and the prone time of hemorrhagic stroke is 10 elbow in the morning. General drugs begin to take effect half an hour after entering the human body, and the effect is the highest after 2 ~ 3 hours. Therefore, 7 am and 2 pm are the best time for hypertensive patients to take medicine. In addition, patients can further simplify the medication time, that is, take medicine after getting up. If you don't rest at noon, you can take the medicine after lunch 1 hour.
Third, blood pressure should reach the standard. In order to keep blood pressure stable for 24 hours, it is best for patients with hypertension to use long-acting preparations, that is, once a day, at any time (preferably after getting up in the morning), but at the same time every day. Some large-scale studies abroad have found that the incidence of stroke and coronary heart disease can be reduced by about 40% and 65,438 0.6% respectively for every 65,438 0.4 mm Hg decrease in systolic blood pressure and 5 ~ 6 mm Hg decrease in diastolic blood pressure. Many domestic clinical studies show that every 9 mm Hg decrease in systolic blood pressure and 4 mm Hg decrease in diastolic blood pressure can reduce the incidence of stroke and coronary heart disease by about 36% and 3% respectively. Therefore, it is of great clinical significance for patients with hypertension to control their blood pressure at an ideal level. The latest research results show that the blood pressure of patients with hypertension should be controlled below 140/90 mm Hg, more specifically, the target blood pressure is 138/83 mm Hg. If the blood pressure can't reach this goal, patients should take necessary measures, including increasing the dose, combining drugs and changing drugs.
Fourth, blood pressure should be stable. Unstable blood pressure can cause organ damage. Therefore, patients with hypertension must ensure the stability of blood pressure, and it is best to choose antihypertensive drugs that can reduce the fluctuation of blood pressure, but the research in this field is still very scarce. At present, what patients can do is to avoid artificial instability of blood pressure, that is, monitor blood pressure regularly, try to use long-acting antihypertensive drugs, gradually phase out short-acting antihypertensive drugs, and adjust drug dosage according to their own blood pressure. Because the long-acting preparation is expensive, it is not conducive to popularization. Some moderate antihypertensive drugs with low price and good curative effect (taken 1 ~ 2 times a day), such as nitrendipine and Antilol, are favored by most patients. This is also a better choice.