Any plant survives and develops under certain natural conditions, and different plants grow under different natural geographical conditions. Before introduction, we should first understand and analyze these natural geographical conditions, compare how many are the same or similar, and take measures to make up the gap. For example, flowers and plants such as hanging upside down golden bell, dragon spit beads and hand-picked flower baskets are used to the cool and humid environment of subtropical gardens all year round. When they are moved to temperate plain areas with four distinct seasons, they can spend the winter in greenhouse facilities, but they can't resist the invasion of hot summer temperatures. Growth stagnation, not only good flowers can not bloom often, but also summer sleep will occur. If there are many similarities and there are ways to bridge the gap, then the possibility of successful introduction is great, otherwise it will be difficult to succeed. For example, cactus plants native to arid and rainless areas of tropical and subtropical deserts can endure several months of dry season, but when introduced into rainy areas, it is a dead end, ranging from yellow nails to rotten roots. Aquatic flowers, such as water lilies, which grow in humid environment cannot do without water. There should be mud at the bottom and water at the top. Floating water and beautiful flowers, etc. You can't live without water; Although cattail, iris, etc. Amphibians capable of drought and flood must have a high temperature environment when they are raised in drought, otherwise they will not grow well; Wet flowers, such as sorrel, calla lily and green radish, need to be beautiful and colorful in a humid environment.
Second, pay attention to the biological characteristics of plants.
Each plant has its own biological characteristics, and their growth and development have a certain rhythm, which is a response to various meteorological factors. There are many kinds of plants. If they live and grow in an area for a long time, the local natural conditions will be assimilated by them, and their inheritance will be formed over time. This heritage is relatively conservative. If you are basically dissatisfied after the introduction, you will often fail. For example, annual flowers in the north are easy to be introduced to the south, such as Cuiju and Dianthus, while some biennial flowers need to be vernalized at low temperature, and most of them are not heat-tolerant, especially at seedling stage, so it is difficult to be introduced to the south. If it is really necessary to introduce seedlings, such as chrysanthemum and calendula, from the north. These flowers can only be introduced from the north when they are planted in tropical areas. Another example is that the sunshine time in the north is longer than that in the south in summer and shorter in winter. When northern flowers are introduced to the south, attention should be paid to flowers sensitive to photoperiod. Some are difficult to succeed, others can blossom, but the flowering period and origin have changed greatly. If we want to maintain the original flowering period, we must adjust the flowering period. For example, chrysanthemums can bloom during the National Day in North China, but not in the Yangtze River basin until the end of 10 and the beginning of10.
Third, pay attention to the suitable soil conditions for introducing plants.
The suitable conditions of soil mainly refer to the PH value of soil. Some plants, such as Lagerstroemia indica, Acer negundo and Chrysanthemum, can grow well in various soils, while Tamarix chinensis, Chongyang, Cotinus coggygria, Chrysanthemum and Forsythia suspensa can adapt to alkaline soils. However, flowers and trees that grow in acidic soil in the south, such as Michelia, Milan and Gardenia, will soon have physiological alkaline yellow leaves in saline-alkali areas in the north, and even die when the alkali damage is serious. Lauraceae, Ericaceae, and bamboos are better adapted to the growth of acidic soil, and they are good evergreen trees in the south. After the introduction to the north, many people will appear yellowing phenomenon, which is mainly the cause of soil alkaline discomfort.
Fourth, pay attention to the combination of exercise and protection.
The introduction of flowers and trees has its localization process. Generally speaking, the introduced seedlings should be introduced locally for at least 3 years. In addition to observing its stress resistance and ornamental value, it is also necessary to observe whether its phenology is consistent with the introduction place. The introduced plants will be more or less unsuitable in the process of planting, especially in summer and winter. When introduced from north to south, high temperature and high humidity in summer often exceed the limit of origin; Introduced from south to north, winter low temperature and drought are mostly above its genetic limit. In order to promote its gradual adaptation, appropriate cooling, shading, spraying water to bury soil, setting up wind barriers, etc. We can reduce the damage of high temperature and low temperature to seedlings, so that they can basically survive and gradually be assimilated. After the seedlings grow up, the roots are developed and the branches are strong, and the ability to resist adverse environmental factors will gradually increase. When they adapt to the local growth conditions, the chances of successful introduction will be greatly improved.
-Excerpted from Forestry and Ecology