1. Project overview
This project is a frame structure. Except for the second floor of the shop, the other four floors are added with attic floor, with a total construction area of 23700m2. Energy-saving design includes concrete composite insulation block for external wall and coal gangue hollow block for internal wall. Roof cement slag slope layer and self-adhesive polymer modified asphalt waterproofing membrane.
2. Self-insulation wall structure
2. 1 masonry structure
Thermal insulation blocks should be built with special masonry mortar; Special masonry mortar with small thermal conductivity should be used for masonry, otherwise insulation materials such as EPS board should be used for partition at the horizontal mortar joint, and the setting of partition materials should be strictly in accordance with the design requirements. When building near the bottom of beam and slab, there should be a certain gap, and at least it should be repaired after the interval of 15d. Repair with blocks (bricks), and the inclination angle should be 60. When repairing, masonry mortar should be full, and vertical joints on both sides should be filled with high-strength cement mortar. At the same time, on both sides of doors and windows, the temporary construction hole shall be kept straight on the wall, with the lateral distance from the junction wall not less than 500mm and the clear width of the hole not more than1m.. Reliable anti-crack and anti-seepage measures should be taken around masonry holes or grooves. The holes or slots should be filled with mortar in layers, and the holes should be filled with thermal insulation materials, and reinforced with anti-crack mortar and hot dip galvanized welded steel wire mesh. The main specification blocks of column-type thermal insulation block wall should be backfilled staggered according to the design requirements of 1/2, and the holes to be poured with foamed thermal insulation materials should be lined up, and the end blocks should be poured with thermal insulation materials before laying.
2.2 cold bridge insulation construction
The floating dust on the surface should be removed before the foam cement board is laid, and the construction should be carried out after the quality of the base course is qualified. Before construction, layout design should be carried out according to the actual size of the building, and lines should be divided according to the layout design. Play horizontal and vertical control lines at openings, expansion joints and decorative lines of external doors and windows. During construction, priority should be given to the main specification foamed cement board. The size of the main specification insulation board is 300 mm× 300 mm The auxiliary specification insulation board or local unevenness can be cut on site, and the allowable deviation of the size is 2 mm At the same time, special paste mortar should be used for pasting. Mortar should be prepared according to the specified mixture ratio, and it should be used with it, and pay attention to sun protection and shelter from the wind. The prepared mortar shall not be stored for more than 2 hours: the insulation board shall not be soaked in water before pasting. After the large-area paving of foamed cement slab is completed, the plastering mortar should be constructed after 24-48h according to the climatic conditions. During plastering mortar construction, slope shall be made at the top of cornice, windowsill, window lintel, awning, balcony, coping and protruding wall, and drip tank or drip line shall be made below. In addition, the plastering mortar should be coated on the foamed cement board with iron trowel, and the thickness should be controlled at 3-5 mm, which should be leveled with big poles first and then with plastic trowel. Then use an iron trowel to press the pre-cut cloth into the plastering mortar surface. The lap width between cloth planes shall be not less than 50mm, and the lap at the corner of Yin and Yang shall be not less than 200 mm The laying shall be smooth and wrinkle-free. The first anchorage should be carried out at the initial setting of plastering mortar. Drill holes in the corner joints of foamed cement board with electric drill, insert anchor bolts into the holes, and screw the plane of plastic disc into plastering mortar. After the anchor bolt is fixed, apply mortar for the second time, and control the thickness of mortar for the second time at 2-3 mm. ..
3. Roofing engineering
After the completion of the cast-in-place roof structure, clean up the sundries on the roof structure layer, remove the mortar and ash on the protruding base, and rinse with water. According to the elevation control line, find a good drainage slope of 2% and stick cakes according to the line. The distance between ash cakes is 1.5m, and the size of ash cakes is 50 mm× 50 mm The control line pops up on the daughter's wall. At the same time, when laying cement mortar, the accumulated water on the surface of the base should be removed first, and the plain cement slurry should be brushed evenly and repeatedly, so that the uncleaned dust at the base can be wrapped in it and fully bonded with the base. Cement mortar should be spread with sweeping, leveled with wooden poles along both sides, compacted and polished with wooden trowel. Mortar consistency should be controlled at about 7cm, and there should be no pressure leakage.
3. 1BAC modified asphalt waterproof layer
All kinds of materials should be prepared before construction, and the quality should be strictly controlled. Before laying, check the quality of the base, the surface should be smooth and firm, and there can be no defects such as sand and empty drum. The angle of yin and yang should be arc-shaped or obtuse, and the surface should be clean and dry. The embedded pipes passing through walls and roofs shall be treated according to the design requirements and accepted. The construction quality of coiled material waterproof layer should meet the standard.
3.2 Roof insulation layer
The roof insulation layer of this project is 35 thick extruded insulation board. During the construction of insulation block, the base should be smooth, clean and dry, and the block material should not be damaged. If the corner is missing or broken when laying, it should be sawed flat. During construction, it should be leveled, and the stay wire should only be paved by the surface of the base, and the surface should be consistent with the height of two adjacent plates. At the same time, cement mortar leveling layer should be laid at any time after the insulation layer is laid, and scaffolding should be laid when walking on the insulation layer or transporting materials by cart. When laying thermal insulation layer, vertical and horizontal ventilation pipes should be set up and connected with the ventilation pipes of slope layer, and they should not be blocked. The distance between ventilation pipes should not be greater than 6m. See the specific design requirements for the practices and requirements of setting plastic ventilation holes.
3.3 rigid waterproof layer
Tie the steel mesh first, with the spacing of 150mm, and the two-way single layer. According to the position of the reserved sub-bin joint, cut and tie the positioning pieces. Steel mesh is located in the upper part of the middle of concrete, and concrete pouring can only be carried out after it is accepted. The lien of the sub-bin joint is generally set at the supporting end of the slab, the turning point of the roof or the junction of the bearing of the cast-in-place slab and the protruding roof structure. It is advisable for each partition to be 20-30m2. Vertical and horizontal sub-warehouses are embedded with building waterproof asphalt ointment for sealing, and then waterproof coiled materials are laid.
4. Material saving and material resource utilization measures
4. 1 material saving planning and management
When the blue prints.the design, we should put forward various optimization schemes according to the geology, climate and living habits of residents. Under the condition of ensuring the use function of all parts of the building, the construction scheme with small workload, high speed, little damage to the original landform and simple construction should be adopted as far as possible, and materials that can be obtained locally, are environmentally friendly and cheap, and have long service life should be selected as far as possible. Strengthen material planning management. Before the project construction, according to the optimization scheme, accurately provide the plan of materials used, and determine the entry time according to the construction progress. Materials shall be delivered to the site in batches as planned. If there are no special circumstances, the total amount of materials delivered to the site shall not be greater than the total material plan. In addition, we should also strengthen the management of the construction site, put an end to the waste in the construction process, and make the actual material loss rate less than the quota loss rate. Strengthen the control of materials in the use process, such as handling aerated concrete blocks with care, formwork and wood square should be constructed in strict accordance with the template matching scheme, and arbitrary cutting is strictly prohibited; Turnover materials such as steel pipe fasteners are recovered and maintained in time for reuse.
4.2 Control of Consumable Materials of Main Structure
In the construction of the main structure, the loss of consumable materials such as steel bars, concrete, nails, steel binding wires, blocks and mortar should be controlled.
4.2. 1 steel consumption control
Before steel bar blanking, draw a detailed blanking list. Besides indicating the length and number of steel bars in the list, it is also necessary to compare the blanking length of steel bars with the same diameter in different components. On the premise of ensuring the quality and meeting the requirements of specifications and drawings, the leftover materials of steel bars in one component are used in other components to avoid excessive waste. At the same time, according to the length of steel bar, choose 12m steel bar reasonably to reduce the loss of steel bar ingredients; Steel bar diameter ≥ 16 shall be connected by connecting machinery to avoid overlapping of steel bars and extra use of materials. Strengthen quality control, and all bills of materials can only be used after being reviewed to avoid wrong blanking; When binding on site, we should strictly follow the design requirements, strengthen the process inspection, and immediately rectify the mistakes when found, so as to avoid wasting materials and rework.
4.2.2 Concrete dosage control
Strengthen the management of concrete supply, control the concrete supply according to the planned quantity, supply 80% of the planned quantity first, and control the remaining 20% by vehicles to avoid the waste of concrete oversupply. Before the blocks enter the site, specify a special storage site in advance to avoid the loss caused by the secondary handling of materials; During unloading construction, handle with care, try to avoid broken bricks, and the stacking height of materials shall not exceed 2m to prevent dumping.
5. Concluding remarks
With the development of society, the scale of architecture is expanding. The waste gas, sewage, smoke and dust, waste and so on produced by people in building production have caused great pressure on the environment on which human beings depend. Human beings pollute the environment, which in turn harms human beings and finally restricts the development of society. China is in the stage of rapid economic development. As a construction industry that consumes a lot of energy and resources, it is necessary to develop green buildings, change the current mode of high input, high consumption, high pollution and low efficiency, and assume the social responsibility and obligation of sustainable development.
Therefore, it is necessary to protect the environment, reduce construction pollution, and advocate the application of energy-saving technology in construction to ensure that civilized construction meets construction quality standards.
For more information about project/service/procurement bidding, and to improve the winning rate, please click on the bottom of official website Customer Service for free consultation:/#/? source=bdzd