In Zhu's poems, there is a kind of resentment: for example, "I have to be angry when I touch spring, and I can't stop thinking about the scenery"; "After the pear blossoms are raining at dusk, they are heartbroken without sadness"; "Most muscles and bones don't have one, so why bother"; "Crying hurts the eyes and hurts the intestines, fearing that it will be yellow after dusk"; "I can't hear heartbroken, but I don't want to blow out heartbroken sound." Shen Xiong's "Ancient and Modern Ci Hua" quoted A Dream of Red Mansions to describe Zhu's "beautiful spring scenery every year" when people asked about it. I am also afraid to listen to the autumn rain, because "a little voice always breaks your heart"! ..... Why is the poetess so heartbroken?
In the ninth year of the Southern Song Dynasty (1 182), Wei Zhonggong stated in the preface to heartbroken episodes: "Zhu was unfortunate since childhood, and his parents failed to judge and could not choose a couple. He married a common people, and he was depressed all his life, so there are many sad and resentful words in his poems. " This explanation gave the later novelists creative space to exert their extreme imagination.
In the Ming Dynasty, Zhou Qingyuan described such a story in his "Two Chapters of West Lake": Zhu was born in a small family in Hangzhou, but she was "naturally smart and alert, and since she was ten years old, she has been complacent about reading and writing". She was brilliant, self-taught and born with beauty, and soon became a famous talented woman in the local area and the object of constant pursuit. The tragedy happened in Zhu's marriage. His uncle Wu Shaojiang lost money gambling. He borrowed twenty taels of silver from Jin San, but he was unable to repay it. In order to pay off my debts, I advised my sister to marry Zhu to the son of an old official named Jin San, boasting that the Kim family was rich and powerful, and they didn't worry about food and clothing after going through the door. Zhu's parents agreed to the marriage without serious consideration and investigation. Under the command of parents and the words of matchmakers, Zhu had to marry the Kim family obediently. I just know that the son of the Kim family is nicknamed "Golden Cold Fire", also known as "Golden Monster". He is three parts human and seven parts ghost. From then on, marry a chicken with a chicken, and marry a dog with a dog. Zhu can only secretly cry and cry silently. That's how her parents ruined her daughter's life as beautiful as flowers and pure as jade.
Although Zhou Qingyuan's description is colorful, it is just a novelist's words. It should be said that it is groundless.
Wang Yuyang's "My Conversation in Chibei" pointed out that Zhu was born into an official family and had a big family. Hui Feng of Kuang Zhouyi also thinks that Zhu is a lady. It is said that her father is a local official in western Zhejiang, and he especially likes collecting calligraphy and painting antiques. As can be seen from the description in her poems, there are places for rest and entertainment in her home, such as East Garden, West Garden, West Building, Shui Ge, Guitang and Green Pavilion, just like a big family. Her family is also quite affluent, and things she likes can often be bought at a high price. From her works, we can also see her innocent and carefree mood before marriage, and she is full of great pleasure in life. Please look at the poem "East Garden" she wrote at that time:
Red spots, moss marks, green branches, toast and tears to send home the spring. Cang Geng intends to leave a remnant scene, while Du Yu is ruthless late.
Butterflies drop flowers while dancing, and swallows fly into the curtains with catkins. When you think of poetry when you are drunk, you have to cover the door for half a month before you get close to the water.
When he visited the "West Garden", he was even happier:
Strolling in the West Garden is a sunny day with the spring breeze. Butterfly doubts Zuo Zhuang's dream and remembers Xie Nianlian.
The grass is green and soft, and the flowers are red and fresh. Wandering in the shadow of the forest, I want to go without moving.
There are also poems such as "Swimming in the Water Pavilion in Summer", "Liang Na Returning to the Hall" and "Sleeping in the Green Pavilion", all of which reflect her leisurely home life during this period. In the Spring Garden Banquet, she said that she was the most youthful and hearty: "Don't pursue happiness in poor days, I hate doing nothing." In such a family environment, Zhu's learning environment is naturally superior. She was very clever since she was a child and was influenced by literature in this scholarly family. For example, in her works, she will find some nutrients in Su Dongpo's poems, as well as her natural poetic understanding. She started writing poems and lyrics very early. You can give full play to your talents in gathering with your family and traveling with your friends. Small poems with delicate strokes flowed from her heart, which even became a habit of her life, so she wrote many poems when she was a teenager. In addition, she also knows calligraphy, is good at painting, understands piano scores and interprets melodies, like a model of a good family.
The problem is still that after marriage, there are very few records about the husband, and even the surname and first name can't be found. However, he is by no means an ugly ordinary person described above, but a scholar. It may be an "international student" of Chinese studies in the Southern Song Dynasty. After failing several imperial examinations, he stayed in Zhujiadongxuan's study to borrow books. She wrote a poem "Send someone to the Ministry of Rites for an Examination", encouraging her husband to work hard and not be discouraged by failing in the examination. She should learn from Ma Yuan, who was still able to lead troops to fight at the age of 62 in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and be healthy, work hard and achieve better results. It is conceivable that she has deep feelings and high hopes for her husband at this time.
Maybe her husband never got good grades in the exam field, but through some means, he finally got a part-time job. Because of the humble official position, the preface to heartbroken collection has the wrong statement of "marrying a commoner's wife" Since then, Zhu Zeng has traveled with her husband to wuyue, Chu and Jing. During this period, there were no places of interest in the poem, but they often lamented the years and expressed their unusual homesickness. Finally, there was a sigh that "a clever wife often sleeps with her husband", indicating that their feelings were cracked. To make matters worse, at this time, the husband even openly courted the concubine, and even obviously snubbed the original wife. Zhu can no longer hold back full of resentment, Li Shimin "sorrow" way:
Gulls, herons and mandarin ducks make a pool, and you have to know that your wings are not suitable.
Dong Jun doesn't give priority to flowers, so why don't you have a rest?
Another song is equally clear:
Lotus leaf with lotus, red and green. Mandarin ducks form a group, and gulls and herons don't join the team.
For this young lady who loves life so much and is "gifted for a while" and "rarely compared", pursuing a happy future is not only an ideal, but also a natural belief. However, the development of married life to such an ending is a blow. The beautiful dreams of the past have been shattered, and the feelings that once existed have disappeared. The marriage died so quickly that Zhu was caught off guard. The question is: How did Zhu cope with this family change?
Some scholars believe that Zhu returned to her mother's house in a fit of pique, lost contact with her husband and lived alone. His "Bodhisattva Man" sighed: "The mountain pavilion is half autumn, and the phoenix is lonely and unaccompanied." I still miss my husband from time to time. For example, in "Hate Spring", it is said that "it is only rainy in spring, and the lover is deeply reluctant to leave." I also want to write some letters to express my confession and advice. In early summer, it said, "I want to seal a sad tear and give it to the unlucky man in the south building." But her husband just didn't change his mind, not even a word of comfort. In other words, she was abandoned by her husband, which finally made Zhu heartbroken and wished she could not break her liver and intestines! I can't afford to get sick and die with hatred.
Some scholars believe that according to Zhu's character, if you want to love, you will love vigorously, and if you don't love, you will simply refuse. It was she who initiated the divorce of the couple, and decided that the day when she returned to Lin 'an's home was the beginning of the divorce of the couple, and they parted ways from then on. Although Zhu took the initiative to get rid of the shackles of marriage, her identity was, after all, an "abandoned wife". Under the double oppression of feudal ethics and traditional prejudice, her situation is not difficult to imagine. The lamentations of this period can be found everywhere in heartbroken episodes. In order to get rid of his inner depression, Zhu tried to convert to Buddhism and took the nickname "reclusive layman".
If Zhu just spends the rest of her life in a Buddhist temple, she is just a poor weak woman, and her works will not give us too much shock. What is commendable is that she is unwilling to give in. She is still young and the flame of love has not been extinguished. Without hesitation, she fought bravely against ethics with the power of life. Specifically, it is to start a love story of "becoming attached to talented people".
At a West Lake poetry meeting in spring, Zhu met a charming young poet and suddenly fell in love with him. The two of them paid for poetry and established a friendship. Since then, they often exchange poems and write notes. The following year's Lantern Festival, they met again and poured out their feelings to each other. Zhu's poem "Yuanye" recorded this charming moment:
Colorful lights, gorgeous fireworks, gongs and drums resounded through the coming spring breeze.
New love is busy, and old things are shocking and recalling dreams.
I hope to be an adult for a while, and I may hope to be hazy for a long time.
It's hard to get drunk while enjoying the lights. Next year may be different.
This poem records Zhu's complicated feelings at that time: unexpected joy, painful experience, true intoxication and sober prospect. Since then, their dating and chanting have become less and less. From spring to autumn, the reality has become more and more obvious: this relationship will not have a result. On the second year's supper, there were no lights and no songs, only the poetess was crying and sobbing in the dark. Zhu may have died shortly thereafter. Judging from the hints of the words "Don't bury the bones in the ground" and "Jiuquan lonely shore" in the preface of Heartbroken Collection, she may have drowned herself, and she made a final accusation against the dark reality with her life. Her parents burned her poems, apparently in accordance with the requirements of her will. This tragedy, similar to the burning manuscript of Daiyu in A Dream of Red Mansions, is the desperate and complete break of this hapless talented woman to the world.