1.？ Emotion? Depression is the core symptom of depression.
Most of the time, patients appear sad and depressed, and in severe cases, they may have typical facial depression, locked forehead and "Sichuan" eyebrows.
Patients are depressed, "unable to lift their spirits", feel "dark clouds hanging over them", often cry, and have no happiness. Usually, the mood changes from morning to night.
In the context of depression, patients' self-evaluation is often reduced, and they feel that they are inferior to others, and they can't do anything well or at all. At the same time, patients will feel worthless, disappointed or desperate. The patient feels that everything is not good, the future is bleak and everything is hopeless.
Some patients feel deeply guilty, even guilty. Patients will feel that life is meaningless and feel that life is meaningless. Not only is it meaningless, but living is equal to suffering, and life is worse than death. Patients are prone to suicidal thoughts, attempted suicides or suicides, and should be highly vigilant.
2. Interest? The vast majority of patients will have DecreasedInterest (lack of pleasure), and patients often cannot get pleasure from daily life and activities, even if they are very interested in activities before. Therefore, patients often give up some activities they like (such as sports, amateur collection, social interaction, etc.). ), and often lose interest in daily work and life enjoyment and family happiness, feel unhappy and shrink back.
3. Fatigue, decreased vitality or loss? The patient felt that his whole "person" had collapsed and his shelf was scattered. What patients do (including taking care of themselves) needs to be urged or pushed by others, otherwise they don't want to move at all.
At the beginning, patients often feel "at a loss". Later, although they want to struggle to do something, they can't persist. One patient vividly said that he was "a pool of mud-there was no way."
Most patients with depression will feel tired to varying degrees, and they can't recover their energy effectively through rest or sleep. Feel difficult about work and often can't finish the task. Sometimes, fatigue may also be related to sleep disorders.
There are also some patients who feel helpless. Patients feel very painful, and many patients find it difficult to express.
Many patients don't want to see a doctor. They are convinced that doctors and others can do nothing about their illness, because he feels different from everyone else, as if he had left the world and fell into the bottom of the mountain. Nothing can be undone, and no one can save himself. Some patients feel miserable and extremely lonely, and feel alienated from the people around them (including family members).
4.？ Thinking and words? People with depression tend to slow down their thinking activities and reduce their speech activities. The thinking process is difficult, and some simple problems take a long time to complete.
Decision-making ability is obviously reduced, it becomes indecisive, and it is even difficult to make decisions on some daily trivial matters. Patients usually speak very slowly. It is difficult to talk to them because it takes a long time to answer questions and they are often answered in simple words.
5.？ Appetite, weight and sleep Most people with depression show loss of appetite, and they eat very little. Patients often lose weight because of eating less and poor digestive function.
There are also a few patients with increased appetite. Most people with depression have some form of sleep disorder. It can be shown that people have difficulty sleeping, sleep is not deep, and they are easy to wake up. The typical performance is to wake up early. Patients who have difficulty falling asleep are often accompanied by symptoms of irritability and anxiety. Similarly, a small number of patients can be seen sleeping excessively in clinic.
6. Anxiety or agitation symptoms Many patients have symptoms such as anxiety and tension. The patient was worried and restless, walking around, pacing back and forth, rubbing his hands and acting aimlessly. This symptom is often more prominent in elderly patients.
7. Low sexual desire? Low sexual desire is quite common, there is no requirement for sexual life and there is a lack of pleasure. Clinically, such symptoms are often ignored or omitted, but the identification of such symptoms is not only conducive to diagnosis, but also conducive to a comprehensive understanding of the patient's condition.
8. Suicide concept, attempted suicide and suicide Due to depression and low self-evaluation, patients are prone to inferiority, self-blame and despair. Therefore, patients are prone to suicidal thoughts, with death hovering repeatedly in their minds and even thinking about the time, place and way of suicide.
Suicide thoughts of depressed patients are often stubborn and appear repeatedly. Driven by the concept of suicide, some patients will try to commit suicide. The common methods are taking drugs (drugs), hanging themselves and jumping off buildings. Some of them escaped from danger after being rescued, while others may commit suicide.
Patients who have had suicidal thoughts or attempted suicide should be highly vigilant, and doctors should repeatedly remind their families and caregivers to take suicide prevention as their primary task.
Examination of suicidal ideation: For individuals who have shown depressive symptoms, doctors should not ignore the examination of suicidal ideation.
When the doctor asks about the concept of suicide, most patients will think that the doctor understands his pain and is grateful. You can ask, "Are you tired of living? Do you think living is meaningless? " If the patient admits that he feels that life is worse than death, then he can ask the patient if he has taken any specific action.
Similarly, if the patient's answer is yes, it is necessary to further ask the patient if he has any specific plans. If there is a plan, what is the content of the plan and whether practical actions have been taken.
If the evaluation finds that the patient has obvious suicidal thoughts or strong suicidal attempts, it is recommended to be hospitalized.
9.？ Other symptoms in addition to the above symptoms, depression can also have other symptoms, including complaints of various physical discomfort. Common complaints include headache, neck pain, low back pain, muscle spasm, nausea, vomiting, sore throat, dry mouth, constipation, burning sensation in the stomach, indigestion, flatulence, blurred vision and painful urination.
Because of these symptoms, patients often have to go to general hospitals for repeated visits and receive various examinations and treatments, which not only delays diagnosis and treatment, but also wastes medical resources.