One is the existential philosophy which has a wide influence in Europe.
Second, American psychologists, especially carl rogers and abraham maslow.
Many questions raised by existentialist philosophy later became the basis of humanistic theory. These problems include the meaning of human existence, the role of free will and the uniqueness of human beings. Some psychologists, mainly from Europe, have the same views as existential philosophers and are called existential psychologists. They mainly rely on the theories of famous existentialist philosophers friedrich nietzsche, Kierkegaard and Sartre.
Existentialist psychotherapy often focuses on existential anxiety, which is a sense of fear and panic caused by feeling that personal life is meaningless. Treatment often emphasizes free choice and establishes a lifestyle that can alleviate emptiness, anxiety and trouble.
The same idea influenced the work of carl rogers and abraham maslow. We will first introduce some basic elements of the humanistic school, and then outline the theories of these two people.
Humanistic psychology emphasizes that although we will try to refuse, we are ultimately responsible for what happens to us. This kind of thinking borrowed from existentialism philosophy is the core of humanistic personality theory. The main goal of humanistic psychotherapy is to make visitors accept this idea, and they have the ability to do what they want to do and be who they want to be. Of course, for many people, this freedom is terrible.
According to the humanistic point of view, only by learning to live according to the original face of life can you become a person who can give full play to his functions. Although it is beneficial to reflect on the past and the future, many people spend too much time thinking about what has happened or planning what will happen. The time spent on these things is wasted. Only by living here and now can you fully enjoy life.
No one knows himself better than you. This view is the cornerstone of humanistic psychology.
Humanistic therapists will not identify problems for visitors and then force them to accept what the therapist says, what should be changed and how to change it. This is ridiculous. Humanistic therapists try to understand where patients come from, and then know that patients know what they need to help themselves.
Humanist theorists believe that when people's current needs are met, they are no longer satisfied. At this time, they have the motivation to actively seek development. Even a person, as long as he is not tired of the difficulties in life, will eventually move towards a satisfactory personal state. Carl rogers said that people who enter this state are fully functional. Abraham maslow used the word self-realization to describe such people.
This growth process is regarded as the natural way of human development. In other words, unless there are difficulties to prevent us from doing so, we will move towards this satisfactory state. Humanistic psychotherapy can help when these difficulties hinder our growth. However, the therapist can't get the visitors on the right track. Only tourists can do this. Therapists let visitors overcome their own difficulties and continue to grow. Rogers called this development, which is always obtained through self, "growth process".