Victor hugo was born in an officer's family in Besancon on February 26th, 802. He took a keen interest in literature when he was in middle school. His literary activities began with writing for the magazine Literary Conservatives.
Due to the influence of family, Hugo's initial poems mostly praised royalism and religion. His first novel, Han Islam, was praised by novelist Notil. The connection with Nottier prompted Hugo to turn to romanticism and gradually become the leader of romanticism.
1827 Hugo wrote a long preface for his play Cromwell, which is the famous romantic literary declaration. In the preface, Hugo opposed the classical artistic viewpoint and put forward the romantic literary proposition: insisting on not formulating but expressing the plot concretely. In particular, he preached the principle of comparing truth, goodness and beauty with falsehood, evil and ugliness.
This preface occupies an important position in the history of French literary criticism.
1830, the premiere of Hugo's masterpiece Onani marked the decisive victory of romanticism over classicism.
1830 after the July revolution, Hugo further stepped onto the left-wing road politically, and his masterpiece Notre Dame de Paris was the work of this period. This work established Hugo's reputation as a famous novelist.
1848 When the "February Revolution" began, Hugo had become a staunch party member and was elected as a member of the Constituent Assembly, becoming the leader of the social democratic left in the French National Assembly. 185 1 year, louis bonaparte launched a counter-revolutionary coup. Hugo immediately issued a declaration to resist, but failed. In February of the same year, Hugo was forced to flee to Brussels.
During his 19 years in exile, Hugo always insisted on fighting and writing against Charles Louis Napolé on Bonaparte's dictatorship. 1852, he published a political pamphlet "Little Napoleon", which made a bitter mockery of Charles Louis Napolé on Bonaparte. In the spring of the same year, he wrote The Story of a Crime, angrily accusing and mercilessly exposing the counter-revolutionary usurpation of power.
Guo Moruo
Early life
Guo Moruo, 1 16, a native of Shawan Town, Guan 'e Township, Leshan County, Sichuan Province. This is a place with beautiful scenery. Looking west from the town, there is a mountain peak among the mountains, called Suishan, which is the second peak of Emei Mountain. In the east of the town, the turbulent Dadu River water has been flowing from north to south. For this small town between mountains and rivers, the villagers always like to praise it with "Suishan Yu Xiu, Zhong Ling with foam water". Foaming water is the ancient name of Dadu River.
Before Guo Moruo was born, Guo's family business was already in decline. His father dropped out of school in his early years and became an apprentice in a salt well. He was smart and well managed, and gradually developed his family business. Bought land, bought a house and bought a salt well. By the time Guo Moruo was born, the Guo family was already a well-off family.
Guo Moruo did eight things, and his mother called him "eight sons". His name at school is Guo Kaizhen, and the word "open" is generational. He never liked the word "truth" because it was a bit feminine. 19 19 when I was studying in Japan, I finally changed my name. However, this is another story.
Guo Moruo recited ancient poems with his mother when he was 4 years old, and was influenced by China's poems. Later, when he recalled his mother, he said, "She has never read a book at all, but she can read some words by ear and recite many Tang poems. Before I was ignorant, she secretly taught me to recite many poems. " "My mother is actually my real teacher." Although his parents have never been to school, they attach great importance to their children's education and set up a home school. Because the family school faces Suishan, it was named "Suishan Mountain Pavilion" and hired a famous teacher.
Guo Moruo entered Suishan Pavilion at the age of six and kowtowed several times before he became a great sage. I began to learn some three-character classics, thousands of poems and so on, and began to play against them. When I was 7 years old, I began to try to paste poems. My teacher gave me some poems entitled "Rain is coming, and the building is full of words", like magical spells drawn by wizards for children.
What's more, what is the truth and what is the melody? It's boring. It's simply a "poetic punishment". But some catchy ancient poems aroused his interest, especially Tang poems. I learned to write poetry myself. In his collection of poems, there is a poem called "Tea Stream", which is his earliest preserved poem: fishing in the tea stream and reciting my poem in the breeze. I don't know what kind of fish a fishing rod is.
This poem was written at the age of 13, which can reflect his early life from one side. Chaxi is a small river flowing down from the foot of Mount Emei, winding through Shawan and pouring into Dadu River. Being interested in fishing and swimming, and then forgetting to recite poems, can fully explain his leisure life and investment in poetry as a teenager.
/kloc-left Shawan at the age of 0/5 and went to Leshan county to attend higher primary school. Read through the historical records during the annual leave, and like the style of Sima Qian, the official of Taishi. /kloc-entered Leshan Jiading government middle school at the age of 0/6, and began to contact foreign literary works, such as foreign novels translated by Lin Shu, and read Yan Fu's Evolution.
At school, his academic performance is always excellent. In the first semester of grade one in primary school, I got the first place in the exam. After the final exam, it is also in the top few. But his character is as evil as hatred, he dares to resist and is stubborn and unyielding. In such a society, he has to bring him a lot of trouble. His "cultivation" score is extremely low, with a minimum of 35 points.