Flowers are close to tall buildings, and I feel sad when I am far from my hometown. At this moment when the whole country is in trouble, I went upstairs to have a look.
Spring scenery on both sides of Jinjiang River is pressing, and the clouds on Lei Yu Mountain are ever-changing.
The imperial court, like Polaris, will not change in the end. Bandits and robbers from Xishan shouldn't break in.
Unfortunately, Liu Chan, the late ruler of Shu, still enjoys sacrifices in the temple. At dusk, I will recite Fu Liang's song.
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The first couplet: "Flowers, as high as my window, hurt the heart of a wanderer, because I see from this height that sadness is everywhere", the whole article. "How difficult is it for 10,000 people" is the fiercest thing for Tubo to enter the Qin and Wei Dynasties. The "bandits in the western regions" behind it also refers to Tubo, including the scenes of eunuch dictatorship, separatist regime in the buffer region and the decline of the court. Therefore, "How difficult is it for ten thousand people" is not only the historical background at that time, but also the starting point of the whole poem. In such a difficult time, Du Fu, who left his hometown, was full of worries and boarded the building. Although the flowers are dazzling, they make people more sad.
Zhuan Xu: "Spring is magnificent, floating between heaven and earth, like a cloud of jade peaks, between ancient and modern times", describing the spectacular mountains and rivers. When Du Fu went upstairs, he saw Jinjiang and Lei Yu. Jinjiang: Originated in guanxian, it flows through Chengdu and enters the Minjiang River, which is a tributary of the Minjiang River. Looking at the balcony from a distance, Jinjiang rushes to heaven and earth with brilliant spring water. The floating clouds on Lei Yu Mountain are erratic, which reminds people of a turbulent country. Floating clouds are like the changes of the ancient and modern world. The first sentence broadens the horizon in space, and the second sentence gallops in time, forming a broad and distant artistic conception, including the poet's love for the country's mountains and rivers and memories of the national history. However, with a broad vision, the poet turned his eyes to the northwest, revealing the poet's infinite worries about the country and people.
Neck couplet: "The Arctic court will not change, and bandits dare not take risks from the western hills", mainly writing about national wars. The poet climbed the building and looked into the distance, thinking of the reality of the country from the clouds. Although the Tang Dynasty was turbulent, Dai Zong returned to Chang 'an, which showed that he would never change his attitude, which took care of the "change from the past to the present" in the previous sentence, and revealed the poet's strong patriotic feelings in his tone. The next sentence of "bandits and thieves" and "invasion" further illustrates the second sentence of "ten thousand people are hard to be enemies" and tells the message of opposing Tubo's covetousness: "Don't invade in vain again!" , a awe-inspiring gas gushed out.
Tail couplet: "I still mourn for the long-lost emperor in the twilight, and talk about Fu Liang in the sunset", chanting historical sites, satirizing the bad king, and pinning the poet's personal feelings. "The ancestral temple is outside the Jinguan Gate in Chengdu, with Wuhou Temple in the west and Houzhu Temple in the east." Ancestral Temple: refers to the temple of Liu Bei, the former owner of Shu State, outside the Jinguan Gate in Chengdu. Let's imagine that the poet is standing on the roof, hesitating and thinking, and soon the sun has set in the west. In the boundless twilight, the ancient temple in the south of the city and the later main temple are faintly visible.
original text
Denglou
Author: Du Fu? Tang dynasty
Flowers are close to tall buildings and far away from my hometown. I am very sad. There are disasters everywhere in this country, so I climbed up to see them.
The spring scenery of Jinjiang flooded in, and the clouds on the mountain, ancient, varied and changeable.
The imperial court, like the North Star, will not change in the end, and the Western Hills of Kohl will not invade Tibet.
Alas, the ruler and emperor of Shu are still enjoying sacrifices in the temple, and I will recite Liang Yinfu in the evening.
To annotate ...
Guest heart: the guest heart.
Jinjiang: Zhuojinjiang, a tributary of Minjiang River that flows through Chengdu.
Come to heaven and earth: come with heaven and earth.
Like a cloud on the jade peak, between ancient and modern times: it means that the ever-changing political situation, the difficult life, and the unpredictable, like clouds on the mountain, have always been like this.
Lei Yu: The name of the mountain is in the west of guanxian, Sichuan, and the northwest of Chengdu.
Changes from ancient times to modern times: changes from ancient times to modern times.
Never change: I can't change after all, and I haven't changed at last.
Xishan: refers to the snow-capped mountains in the border area between western Sichuan and Tubo at that time.
Pirates: refers to the invading Tubo group.
Empress: Liu Chan, the son of Liu Bei, was the empress of Shu during the Three Kingdoms period.
Still: still.
Talk: I don't want to do it, but let's do it.
Source: Du Gongbu Collection
Literary Genre: Seven-character Rhyme
Evaluation by famous experts
Shilin Poetry: Seven words are hard to be vigorous and powerful, and every sentence is powerful, but Xu Xu is subtle. Because of Lao Du's sentences, such as "The Silk River, with bright spring, floats between the earth and heaven, like a cloud of jade peaks, in ancient times and now" and "Stark's voice is even more challenging with drums and horns, and the stars and Tianhe veins are more than three mountains", he often hates those who have no successors.
Ying Sui: There are one hundred and fifty-nine old Du Fu's seven-character poems, which should be used as a regular play and should not be temporarily abandoned. Choose this as the type in today's "visit". "Jinjiang" and "Lei Yu" are interlocking, and the scenery contains feelings; However, the post-couplets are clear, which is the reason. It's a slap in the face!
Liu Yun: There is also a queen in the temple of the First Lord. What a holy place for the dead! It only reminds people of the hatred of Zhuge Liang's father. "Fu Liangyin" also feels abolished. Wuhou used it.
Creation background
This poem was written by Du Fu in Chengdu in the spring of 764 AD (the second year of Guangde in Tang Daizong). At that time, the poet had lived in Sichuan for five years. This poem is about internal troubles and foreign invasion. Later, I heard that my friend was appointed as the special envoy of Chengdu Yin and Jian Nan, and I was very happy. In the late spring, the poet went upstairs and took a look. He felt it and wrote this poem.
Introduction of poets
Du Fu (7 12-770), with beautiful words, is called "Du Gongbu" and "Du Shaoling" in the world. He was born in Gongxian County, Henan Province (now gongyi city, Henan Province) and was a great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty. Du Fu is regarded as a "poet saint" by the world, and his poems are called "the history of poetry". Du Fu and Li Bai are called "Du Li" together. In order to distinguish them from the other two poets Li Shangyin and Du Mu, that is, "Little Du Li", Du Fu and Li Bai are also called "Big Du Li".