Rural land circulation
Rural land circulation is actually a popular and omitted statement, and its full name should be called rural land contractual management right circulation. That is, under certain conditions, farmers transfer part or all of their contracted village collective land to a third party for operation on the basis of unchanged land contracting rights.
With regard to rural land circulation, the Third Plenary Session of the 17th CPC Central Committee and this year's document 19971February 19 put forward new requirements for rural land circulation. The Central Committee 1 has issued a special policy: strengthen the management and service of land contractual management right transfer, establish and improve the land contractual management right transfer market, allow farmers to transfer land contractual management right in the form of subcontracting, leasing, exchange, transfer and joint-stock cooperation according to law, and develop various forms of moderate scale operation. Where conditions permit, large professional households and family farms can be developed.
Rural land transfer policy
1, speed up land confirmation? The registration of land confirmation is of far-reaching significance, which will be beneficial to land transfer after confirmation. It is urgent and arduous to clarify collective land property rights and speed up the registration and certification of rural collective land ownership. Promoting the registration and certification of rural collective land ownership is a realistic need to safeguard the rights and interests of farmers and land transferers and promote the harmony and stability of rural society. Registration and certification of rural collective land ownership can effectively solve disputes over rural collective land ownership, resolve rural social contradictions, confirm farmers' land rights according to law, strengthen farmers' awareness of land property rights, especially the whole society, and help effectively safeguard farmers' rights and interests in the process of urbanization, industrialization and agricultural modernization.
2. standardize land transfer? However, at present, there are many problems in land circulation, such as farmers' self-circulation, less approval and filing in towns and villages, more verbal agreements and fewer written contracts. It is urgent to formulate land transfer policies and standardize land transfer procedures as soon as possible. Local governments should gradually tighten the management of land transfer, standardize the transfer procedures, improve the contract management and standardize the transfer contract, and the transfer period shall not exceed the remaining years of the second round of rural land contract period. Once a land transfer dispute occurs, it is difficult to deal with and lacks legal protection. According to the data provided by relevant departments, in recent years, the disputes caused by land transfer in various provinces and cities are on the rise year by year.
3. Basic farmland protection system? The main task of the central economic work is, first of all, to effectively ensure national food security. This means that to strictly adhere to the red line of cultivated land, we must still adhere to the red line of 65.438+0.8 billion mu of cultivated land, and the existing cultivated land area must remain basically stable. Under the new situation of expanding farmland circulation and building new modern agriculture, the Ministry of Land and Resources will continue to implement the strictest farmland protection policy, and at the same time explore the innovation of farmland and basic farmland protection policy under the new situation, increase the protection of basic farmland, adhere to equal emphasis on quantity and quality, and effectively guarantee national food security.
4. Build a land trading platform? With the introduction of the land transfer system, the trial of agricultural land transfer in various places has been accelerated, which has directly promoted the establishment of rural property rights exchanges, built a platform for agricultural land to enter the market, established land transfer management service institutions at county, township and village levels, developed various forms of land transfer intermediary service organizations, and built a broadband network information platform at county and village levels, timely and accurately publicized land transfer information, strengthened the collection, collation, archiving and preservation of land transfer information, and provided farmers with land transfer policy advice and land in a timely manner.
5. Mortgage loan for land contracting right? Document 20 14 has begun to encourage mortgage loans for land contractual management rights, and land circulation will be an opportunity to revitalize rural resources. Once the land can be transferred in a standardized way, mortgage loans will become possible and the land will increase in value. At the same time, agricultural land can create more relaxed business channels in production and life, and stimulate the enthusiasm of a group of large contractors. The mortgage loan for the contracted management right of rural cultivated land has solved the problem that large farmers can't meet the needs of large-scale planting due to lack of funds, effectively solved the "bottleneck" problem of large farmers' development funds, and promoted the intensive management of agricultural industry. But also help agricultural financial institutions to explore the innovation of rural financial products and services, accelerate the establishment of rural modern financial system, promote the innovation of rural institutional mechanisms, improve the rural agricultural land circulation market and improve the construction of agricultural risk protection mechanism, and continuously improve the degree of organization of agricultural production and management.
6. There are two preconditions for agricultural land to enter the market in the urban-rural unified construction land market. First, it must be commercial construction land, and second, it must conform to the planning and use control. In view of the violation of laws and regulations, the government should reform the land acquisition system, standardize the land acquisition procedures, and establish a scientific and diversified land acquisition compensation system, security and employment system. The creators of agricultural wealth also hope to establish a unified trading service platform for urban and rural land transfer by transforming government functions. ? Establish fair, open and transparent market rules, improve the mechanism that prices are mainly determined by the market, and establish a unified urban and rural construction land market. He also said that the dual structure of urban and rural areas is the main obstacle to the integration of urban and rural development. Accelerate the construction of a new agricultural management system, give farmers more property rights, and promote the equal exchange of urban and rural factors and the balanced allocation of public resources.
7. Promote urbanization? Under the background of accelerating urbanization, homestead, as an important part of farmers' property, could have provided the first fund for farmers to enter the city, but under the existing land management system, the circulation of homestead is still subject to many restrictions. Farmers who transfer households are allowed to transfer contracted land, houses and homesteads that meet the area through market circulation on a voluntary basis to obtain property income. This will relieve the worries of rural labor force settling in cities. Although urbanization will become one of the main lines of China's economic development, at present, homestead management still stays within the thinking framework of urban-rural dual structure. The main body of rural homestead circulation can be members of the collective economic organization, members of other village collective economic organizations and urban residents. From the perspective of equality of property rights, there is no proper basis to limit the main scope of rural homestead circulation.
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