First, the current situation of hospital computer application in China
1, business processing system (TPS). That is, the automation of departmental business processes. Such as the automation of outpatient registration, pricing and charging, drug distribution, inspection report and other processes; Automation of hospital bed management, doctor's advice processing and expense settlement; And the automation of business processes in back-office support departments such as materials and equipment, finance and personnel.
2. Decision support system. That is, all the data collected by TPS are linked to the data warehouse, and the data warehouse can be accessed and calculated by mobilizing model base, method base and knowledge base to assist semi-structured or even unstructured decision-making.
3. Medical information system. Including experimental equipment online system, medical image storage and communication system (PACS), expert diagnosis intelligent system, etc.
4. Office automation system. Including daily office affairs, file transfer (FTP), e-mail, file management, etc.
5. Literature retrieval system, including in-hospital collections, periodical topic retrieval and access to Medline (National Library of Medicine) through the Internet.
6, maternal and child health information system, etc.
Second, the prospect of hospital computer application in China
1, electronic medical record
As a basic data, medical records are very important in clinical diagnosis. Electronic medical record is a promising technology and an important reform, which can timely sort out the data of patients scattered in all aspects into data form. At the same time, it can also increase clinical diagnosis information such as graphics and photos to help doctors make a diagnosis. After diagnosis, the computer can also improve a series of problems, put forward the basis for diagnosis, formulate treatment plans, and carry out daily paperwork such as quality inspection. And can directly exchange information inside and outside the hospital through networking. Electronic medical record system is a new medical record which integrates examination information, medical images and medical instructions. Compared with the information management of hypotonic medical records, it is faster and more useful, more convenient for clinical diagnosis, more convenient for doctors to receive feedback information, which can ensure medical quality, eliminate incomplete and unqualified medical records and save time.
2. Establish the basic information set of inpatients in China.
Collecting, sorting out and analyzing the information of inpatients can not only understand the operation of the hospital, but also scientifically evaluate the medical level and efficiency of the hospital. The practice abroad has proved this point. The basic information of inpatients includes demographic characteristics (age, gender, etc. ), admission date and status, according to the disease and operation code, hospitalization expenses, etc. To study the characteristics of inpatients in China, find a patient classification method suitable for China's national conditions, explore a new medical service quality evaluation system, improve the research level of hospital management in China as a whole, and make hospital management adapt to the development of hospitals.
3. Construction of hospital computer network
At present, the vast majority of hospital computers in China are decentralized management, still in the working state of single machine and single station, and there are some disadvantages such as data sharing and repetitive work, which is not conducive to improving the efficiency of hospitals. To realize modern hospital management, only by scientifically designing and applying computer network technology can the relationship between hospital management and departments be strengthened. Therefore, whether computers are networked has become a standard to measure the technical level of information management in a unit, and it is also a sign of scientific hospital management.
4. Establish a medical and health information superhighway.
The information superhighway enables people to exchange sound, images and data at the same time without the limitation of time and space. It takes optical cable as the "road" and integrates the functions of existing information dissemination tools such as telephone, television and computer, and becomes a multimedia dissemination tool. Information superhighway can make full use of medical and health resources, and make experts' knowledge become valuable wealth of all mankind, such as online teaching, community medical service, health system networking, remote medical consultation service, medical insurance and so on. Its completion will greatly promote the development of medical and health undertakings, greatly improve medical quality and service level, and completely change the status quo of medical and health undertakings and hospital management mode. Medical work will no longer be confined to a hospital or a region, but will be extended to the whole country and even the whole world. With the rapid development of electronic technology, the application field of computer is more and more extensive, and its footprint is everywhere. Of course, in the medical field, it is no exception. When patients step into the hospital, they enter the computer world and begin to enjoy computer services.
Computer medical record management. In the past, the medium of patients' medical records was paper, especially for patients with chronic diseases. Their medical records are so thick that it is not convenient for doctors to read them when they see a doctor. At the same time, it takes a lot of space to save them. That pile of medical records occupies a large "medical record database" After the patient registered, the administrator of the medical record database had to ask for it one by one. If the patient needs to be transferred to another hospital for treatment, he must lend the medical records to the new hospital. Today's medical records no longer need paper, but a new type of medical records-"electronic medical records". All the contents recorded in medical records, including X-rays, electrocardiogram and various laboratory documents, are stored in a special "medical record database", and the original huge "medical record database" has to be used for other purposes. When a patient goes to the hospital for medical treatment, the doctor can call up the patient's medical record in the "medical record database" and display it on the screen, and the screen can automatically turn pages. When patients need to be transferred for treatment, doctors in the new hospital can also borrow patients' medical records from the "medical record database" of the original hospital according to the transfer form. Of course, for security reasons, the "medical record database" is managed by a computer, and not anyone can "call" medical records. The "transfer form" mentioned above actually acts as a "passport" so that the patient's medical records can be called.
Computer diagnosis. Some people call it "computer doctor". This is one of the most important components in the medical field. When a patient goes to the hospital for medical treatment, he first describes the symptoms to the staff on duty, and then the staff on duty inputs these symptoms into the computer. According to the symptoms, the "computer doctor" immediately displays the items that need to be detected or checked on the display screen, and at the same time prints out the test sheet and checklist (such as blood, urine, stool examination, chest X-ray, CT, B-ultrasound, etc.) from the printer. After the laboratory examination, the results of the laboratory examination are directly transmitted to the computer doctor by the computer of the laboratory and the relevant inspection department. The computer doctor finally made a "diagnosis" according to the patient's symptoms, laboratory test results and medical records, diagnosed why he was sick and prescribed a medical "prescription". If he needs a rest, he can also write a "sick note". These diagnoses and prescriptions
If you encounter a difficult disease and need remote expert treatment, the computer doctor can transmit the patient's medical records, symptoms, laboratory tests and examination results to the computer of the remote expert for diagnosis, and finally the expert will send the diagnosis conclusion and prescription back to the "computer doctor". In this way, patients can be treated locally by distant experts. If it is not the electronic age, it can only be wishful thinking, "Arabian Nights".
Computer management of hospital beds. Hospital bed is one of the necessary facilities for patients to stay in hospital. Using computer to manage sickbeds makes sickbed management more modern and scientific. Beds are managed according to wards, and information such as patients' names, diseases, admission time, discharge time, and empty beds are recorded. At the same time, the information of patients occupying beds is provided to the inpatient computer billing system for its application in billing. In addition, it can also display the utilization rate of hospital beds in real time.
Computer pharmacy management. After using computer to manage the drug storehouse, it can fully reflect the information of drug inventory and drug flow direction; You can print the list of all drugs, the list of drugs in designated parts, the list of drugs that will expire within three months and the list of drugs that need to be purchased urgently; Prepare the auxiliary plan for purchasing drugs; Provide the bill of the quantity of drugs in storage and out of storage, and the bill of drugs sent to lower-level pharmacies.
Computer drug consultation. Can provide the following consulting services for doctors: ① drug interaction analysis, each prescription can reach up to 15 drugs at most; (2) Drug name translation: any one of Chinese, English, Latin and code can be entered, and drug names in other languages, including aliases, can be obtained; ③ Ask about the use, specifications, commonly used dosage, limit and precautions of drugs; (4) Inquiring about relevant data of pharmacology; ⑤ Inquire about the first and second kinds of antibiotics and their instructions; ⑥ Inquire about drugs used with caution and prohibited under certain diseases and physiological conditions; ⑦ Inquire about drugs that can cause urine discoloration, and inquire about the relevant regulations on the use of narcotic, neurological and toxic drugs. You can choose English, Latin or code at will, and you can find all kinds of information about more than 40 thousand drugs. It only takes 65,438+0 minutes to display or print the query results.
Computer bookkeeping. Computer billing is divided into two parts: outpatient and inpatient. In the outpatient billing part, we can accurately calculate the medical expenses such as medicine fees, disposal fees, various laboratory fees and various inspection fees, and clearly print out the detailed list of various expenses. In the hospitalization part, you can accurately calculate the total expenses of hospitalized patients during hospitalization and print out the detailed list of required expenses.
Computer dentist. In the aspect of dental implant, the patient's oral cavity is scanned by computer tomography, and the results are input into the computer of computer dentist. Computer dentists analyze the oral bone structure of patients and determine the exact location where dental implants are needed. Then with the help of three-dimensional printing technology, the oral model is provided, and finally the doctor on duty performs surgery according to the model. When filling teeth, the computer dentist scans the patient's dental caries with a micro lens, and draws a three-dimensional image of dental caries according to the scanning data. At this time, a small saw connected to the computer will cut the porcelain block for tooth filling under the instruction of the computer dentist, and its size and shape are exactly the same as those of the tooth cavity. Finally, the doctor on duty will stick the porcelain block in the tooth cavity.
In addition, computers are also used in anesthesia, laboratory examination, examination, pathology and so on. If it helps, I hope it can be adopted.