1. At that time, Liu Zhidan's troops were in Weinan and Xie Zichang's troops were in Yan 'an, northern Shaanxi. The two Red Army have established a very solid revolutionary base in the local area, and the Red Army can join forces with Liu Zhidan and Xie Zichang in the north. Thereby occupying the whole Guanzhong and northern Shaanxi.
2. The Red Army didn't plan to go to Shaanxi at first, but it was chased by the Kuomintang reactionaries, so it was difficult to establish itself in the south, because the south was the key area ruled by the Kuomintang reactionaries. After the Red Army arrived in Gansu, at the initiative of Comrade Liu Zhidan and Comrade Xie Zichang, it decided to March into the weak areas ruled by the Kuomintang.
3. The Kuomintang reactionaries are essentially southern regimes, while Guanzhong and northern Shaanxi are weak areas ruled by the Kuomintang. There is no Chiang Kai-shek regime in Guanzhong and northern Shaanxi.
4. From the geographical environment, the area north of Guanzhong Plain in Shaanxi Province is full of wasteland, mountains and rivers, ravines, criss-crossing and stretching for thousands of miles. Easy to defend but difficult to attack, no one can get in, and it is easy to be divided by armed forces.
5. Northern Shaanxi is close to the Soviet Union, which is convenient for obtaining Soviet aid.
6. The Red Army holds high the banner of anti-Japanese in the north, and the front line of anti-Japanese is in the north. Is the south still anti-Japanese?
7. Yan 'an is connected to Xi in the south and Beijing in the east. It is impossible for the Japanese to attack Yan 'an. Yan 'an has always been a comfortable place. The north has always been the political and military center of China. Those who win the north win the world and those who lose the south. This is the historical law of China for 5,000 years. This is the iron law.
Chairman Mao led the Red Army into northern Shaanxi with great strategic vision and wise historical decision.
Second, the Long March.
During the Agrarian Revolutionary War, the main force of the Chinese Workers and Peasants Red Army retreated from the north and south Soviet areas of the Yangtze River, and after two years of fighting, it reached the strategic transfer action in the Shaanxi-Gansu Soviet area.
1934 10 after the failure of the fifth counter-campaign against encirclement and suppression, the Red Army, the main force of the central government, was forced to make a strategic shift, withdraw from the central base area and carry out the Long March in order to get rid of the encirclement and pursuit of the Kuomintang troops.
The Long March is a great miracle in human history.
The Central Red Army fought more than 380 times and captured more than 700 counties. The Red Army sacrificed more than 430 cadres at or above the battalion level, with an average age of less than 30. * * * defeated hundreds of regiments of the Kuomintang army, during which * * * walked through 14 province, climbed 18 mountain, crossed 24 rivers, walked through weeds and rolled over.
The Red Army arrived in northern Shaanxi on June 1935 and joined forces with the Red Army in northern Shaanxi. 1936 10, the Red Second and Fourth Army arrived in Huining, Gansu, and joined forces with the Red Army. The three main forces of the Red Army joined forces, marking the victory of the Long March.
Extended data:
1September 1933 to1summer 1934, the Red Army in the Central Soviet Area fought against "encirclement and suppression" for the fifth time. Because China's central leader Bo Gu Kailai and the military adviser Li De sent by * * * Production International (also known as Waffle, formerly known as Otto Braun, German * * * Production Party party member) first implemented the adventurist offensive strategy.
1In April, 934, the Central Red Army (10 was renamed the Red Army, 65438) fought a decisive battle with the Kuomintang army in Guangchang, Jiangxi, with serious losses and a critical situation.
In July, the Revolutionary Military Commission of the Chinese Soviet Central Committee ordered the Seventh Army Corps of the Red Army to form an anti-Japanese advance team in the north, advance to the border of Fujian, Zhejiang, Anhui and Jiangxi, and establish a new Soviet area; Ordered the Sixth Army Corps of the Red Army to break through the Western Expedition from the Hunan-Jiangxi Soviet Area and develop guerrilla warfare in central Hunan.
The Central Revolutionary Military Commission sent two legions to the north and west respectively, aiming at mobilizing the Kuomintang "encirclement and suppression" army to relieve the pressure on the Central Soviet Area, but failed to achieve its goal.
At the beginning of 10, Kuomintang troops attacked the central area of the Central Soviet Area and quickly occupied Xingguo, Ningdu and Shicheng. The Red Army's room for maneuver was even narrower, and it could not break the "encirclement and suppression" of the Kuomintang troops in the Soviet area, so it was forced to withdraw from the Soviet area and carry out the Long March.
On September 8, the Central Revolutionary Military Commission ordered the Red 6 Army Corps to carry out guerrilla warfare in Chengbu, Suining and Wugang areas of Hunan Province. Later, he moved to Xiangxi and got in touch with the Third Army Corps of the Red Army, which was active on the border of J ||| Guizhou and Hunan.
Later, because the main forces of the Kuomintang army in Hunan Province and Guangxi Province (now Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region) advanced to Suining and Jingxian County, the Red Army was prevented from advancing northward, so it turned to the south and occupied the old state of Guizhou Province on June+10/day in 65438.
On 24th, the Red 6 Army joined forces with the Red 3 Army in Huangmu District, Yinjiang County, Guizhou Province. After the meeting, the Red 3 Army resumed the designation of the Second Army of the Red Army. Immediately afterwards, the Red Army Corps and the Red Army Corps launched an attack in Xiangxi, and in June 1935 and 1, the Soviet area of Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan and Guizhou was founded.
The offensive actions of the Red 2 and Red 6 Corps effectively cooperated with the breakthrough and transfer actions of the Central Red Army.
1 June 10, the Central Committee and the Central Revolutionary Military Commission led the Central Red Army1,3, 5, 8, 9 Corps and more than 86,000 troops directly under the Central Committee and the Military Commission, starting from Ruijin and Gucheng, Jiangxi Province, to start a strategic shift and prepare for Hong Tong, western Hunan. The 24th Division of the Red Army and the local armed forces * * * 1.6 million people stayed in the Central Soviet Area and persisted in their struggle.
65438+1October 65438+July, the Central Red Army crossed Gongshui from Du Yu (now Du Yu).
On February1day, the Central Revolutionary Army appointed the Red L Corps as the left avant-garde, the Red 3 Corps as the right avant-garde, the Red 9 Corps as the left wing, and the Red 8 Corps as the right wing, centering on two columns composed of the Military Commission and the directly affiliated team, and the Red 5 Corps as the defender. It broke the 1 blockade of Kuomintang troops from Wangmudu and Xintian, and all crossed Xinfengjiang (Taojiang) on the 25th.
Since then, the Central Red Army has continued to slowly advance westward along the mountain road in this tunnel formation to 165438+ 10/5, and successively passed through the second and third blockade lines from tianmashan, south of Rucheng, Hunan, to Chengkou, Guangdong, and Tian Liang, Hunan, to Yizhang, and entered Linwu, Lanshan and Jiahe areas.
At this time, Chiang Kai-shek "pursued" with 16 Division and 77th Regiment, and made 9 divisions of Guangdong Army and Gui Jun intercept in an attempt to panic in the area east of Xiangjiang River. At this time, in the vast area between Yizhang and Xiangjiang, the Kuomintang troops were weak, and because of factional contradictions, its actions were different, which was convenient for the Red Army to maneuver.
However, Bo Gu, Li De and other leaders blindly retreated and fled, passively avoiding war, and continued to put the Red Army in a very passive position. 165438+1On October 25th, the Central Revolutionary Military Commission decided that the Central Red Army should be divided into four columns, crossing the Xiangjiang River from Xing 'an and Quanzhou in the west and going out to the Xiyanshan area at the junction of Hunan and Guangxi.
On the 27th, the 2nd and 4th divisions of the vanguard troops of the Central Red Army broke through the 4th blockade of the Kuomintang Army and crossed the Xiangjiang River. The Kuomintang army advanced north and south with superior forces and violently attacked the Red Army with the support of aircraft.
The Red Army fought bloody battles on both sides of Xiangjiang River. After fighting in Xinxu, Zhilingtou, Jieshou, Jiao Shan Shop and Salt Water, they stopped the onslaught of the Kuomintang troops and covered the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the Central Military Commission and the directly affiliated teams to cross the Xiangjiang River on June 5438+February 1 day.
However, the Red Army suffered heavy losses. The 34th Division of Red 5 Army Corps and the 6th Division of Red 3 Army Corps18th Regiment were blocked on the east bank of Xiangjiang River, and most officers and men died. After the Central Red Army crossed the Xiangjiang River, it fell to more than 30,000 people, and the number of the Red 8 Army was revoked.
Baidu Encyclopedia: Long March