Now, computer-aided diagnosis has developed to the stage of expert consultation system, and artificial intelligence technology has been applied to medical decision-making to form a medical diagnosis expert system. The characteristic of this system is to store the experience of medical experts in the computer, so that it can reason in a way similar to that of medical experts, which is convenient for man-machine dialogue and can reach the diagnosis level of medical experts. This is the development direction of computer-aided diagnosis.
Using the medical diagnosis and treatment expert system, the computer plays the role of "famous doctor", which greatly improves the diagnosis rate of many diseases. For example, acute abdomen is a common surgical emergency. Generally, the diagnostic rate of experienced doctors is 79.6%, but the diagnostic rate of using electronic computers is greatly improved, which is 88% in Japan and 9 1.8% in Britain, which is significantly higher than that of doctors.
Why do electronic computers have such superb diagnostic skills? How did the diagnosis come out of the computer terminal? Let's look at the basic process and conditions of computer medical treatment first, and then we can draw a conclusion.
The basic process of computer medical treatment is: first, a considerable amount of case data is input, and then the computer processes these data mathematically, "learns" the diagnosis, obtains the parameters and rules needed for diagnosis, and stores them in the computer as a program. At this time, if the data of a new patient is input, the computer can make a diagnosis, make a prescription and put forward a doctor's order within half a minute according to the symptoms, signs, examination data, laboratory results and stored experience of the patient. The computer will also automatically merge the data and diagnosis results of each new patient into the original stored information. It also establishes a medical record for the patient, which can "recall" the past outpatient information of the patient's second, third or multiple visits, and propose a new treatment plan and modify the prescription according to the condition change and drug reaction. For those who are suitable for surgical treatment, the computer can choose the surgical method as needed, and select an expert's surgical video from a large number of pre-stored surgical videos.
At present, various expert systems for diagnosis and treatment have been established in China, which can be used to diagnose stroke, heart disease and cancer and predict the prognosis.
With the development of computer technology, remote treatment has become a reality.
In the medical department of Germany, computer technology has become quite popular. There, surgeons keep in touch with distant experts and solve problems in surgery at any time. The nurses input the test results into the personal computer beside the bed.
There is a personal computer on the right side of the intensive care patient bed.
Nurses and doctors use computers to write prescriptions and input the results of examination and diagnosis into computers.
A monitor is hung on the left side of the seriously ill patient, and the zigzag curve and other curves on the screen pass by, showing pulse rate, breathing situation, blood pressure or urine volume.
In North Wü rttemberg, about 400 doctors make online diagnosis. They can exchange written materials, X-rays and ultrasonic images with each other through the integrated business data network. The plan also electronically processes the regular accounts of medical insurance organizations, doctors' associations and medical insurance institutions.
Now, Wisma Hospital and Lubbock Medical University also use communication software to connect with each other through integrated service data lines. In this way, neurosurgeons in lubbock can recognize the CT pictures taken by their colleagues in Wisma in front of the PC screen.
They discussed the diagnosis and treatment of patients with craniocerebral injury by teleconference.
German medical computer experts have conducted eight such large-scale experiments to explore the possibility of telemedicine.