The second is to choose the price. There are many wholesale markets for agricultural products in China, and there are many kinds of transactions. Considering the realistic possibility and cost, it is impossible to take a comprehensive survey of the national wholesale price index of agricultural products. A more feasible scheme is to compile the price index according to the sample data, and then infer the overall price level of agricultural products wholesale in China. Therefore, it is necessary to choose a representative market from all the markets engaged in agricultural products wholesale business in China as a sample to participate in the calculation of the index. Judging from the representativeness requirements of the index, the selection of the sample market should consider not only the rationality of the market in regional distribution, but also the representativeness of the market to the region, as well as the possibility of obtaining statistical data and the statistical cost.
The third is to select sample varieties.
There are many kinds of agricultural products in China, but the agricultural products that are often traded are mainly grain, vegetable oil, vegetables, fruits, livestock products and aquatic products. China has a vast territory, and the variety of transactions varies greatly from region to region. The selection of sample varieties of each subcategory must consider the regional coverage, category representativeness and the possibility of collecting real information. After comprehensive evaluation and screening, the sample varieties of each subcategory were determined as follows: 5 kinds of grain samples (japonica rice, indica rice, corn, flour and soybean) and 4 kinds of edible oil samples (vegetable oil, soybean oil, peanut oil and sesame oil). 26 kinds of vegetable samples (spinach, Chinese cabbage, rape, cabbage, lettuce, eggplant, green pepper, tomato, beans, white radish, carrot, onion, potato, lettuce, celery, lotus root, cucumber, wax gourd, pumpkin, zucchini, Pleurotus ostreatus, mushroom, leek, green onion, cauliflower and broccoli).
The fourth is to determine the base period.
In order to ensure the comparability of the index and accurately reflect the changing trend of the wholesale price of agricultural products, the index calculation should have a relatively fixed base period, and the selected base period should have good stability. As far as the wholesale market of agricultural products in China is concerned, stability means that the source of wholesale price data of agricultural products in the base period is relatively stable and complete, and the data quality is high. Based on the above considerations, combined with the history and present situation of China's agricultural products wholesale market and its transactions, the research group selected the calculation base period of agricultural products wholesale price index group as 2000, that is, taking the annual average price of various related varieties in 2000 as the base period price for index calculation.
The fifth is to determine the weight.
The wholesale price index of agricultural products adopts Pablo index method, that is, the comprehensive wholesale price index is calculated by weighting the wholesale volume of samples during the reporting period. Because the weights are easy to change, the indexes in different periods are not comparable, but the Pablo index can reflect the changes of price and quantity structure at the same time. For the determination of weight, in theory, the actual wholesale turnover of various agricultural products in China should be taken as the weight. However, according to the current information collection situation, it is still impossible to obtain the actual wholesale transaction volume data of each market in time, so this plan mainly uses other relevant data (such as market transaction volume, output, etc.) to calculate and estimate, in order to get a set of weights that are as consistent as possible with the actual transaction volume of each variety.
Sixth, index compilation.
The compilation of the national agricultural product wholesale price index group begins with the compilation of sub-indexes such as grain wholesale price index, edible oil wholesale price index, vegetable wholesale price index, fruit wholesale price index, livestock product wholesale price index and aquatic product wholesale price index. The specific compilation process is as follows: firstly, determine the sample provinces, and select the sample provinces according to the wholesale market situation of each province, combined with the factors such as the number of quotation varieties, quotation quality and geographical representation of each province; The second is to determine the sample type of each province according to the sample provinces; Third, data verification and standardization to ensure data quality and consistency; The fourth is to calculate the wholesale price index of provincial small categories and treat each category with simple average method; Finally, the wholesale price index of each provincial small category is synthesized by weighted average to generate the national wholesale price index of agricultural products; Fifth, on the basis of the results of small-scale wholesale price index, it is further integrated into large-scale indexes such as wholesale price index of vegetable basket products and wholesale price index of grain and oil according to the weight; Sixth, on the basis of large-scale index, it is finally weighted and integrated into the national wholesale price index of agricultural products.
7. What is the significance of the release of the national agricultural product wholesale price index?
Experts from the Information Center of the Ministry of Agriculture believe that the compilation of the national agricultural product wholesale price index follows the principles of comprehensiveness, systematicness, comparability, feasibility, flexibility and relative stability, and is based on the scientific collection and compilation of agricultural product wholesale price information, and its compilation meets the needs of China's market economy development. As the most important statistical method to analyze and study the changing trend, degree, regularity and trend of the wholesale price of agricultural products, the publication of the national wholesale price index of agricultural products will help to grasp the changing law of the wholesale price of agricultural products, further understand the changing law of the supply and demand of agricultural products, accelerate the construction of the wholesale market of agricultural products, guide the adjustment of agricultural structure, promote the development of agricultural production, increase farmers' income, invigorate the circulation of agricultural products, ensure the balance between supply and demand of agricultural products, and provide more and better information services for all sectors of society. Especially in the process of developing modern agriculture, integrating information resources and innovating service mode are the important contents of the top ten actions of agricultural system to build modern agriculture. When the index is released to a certain extent, it will gradually be concerned and used by market participants and even farmers, thus enhancing their ability to participate in the market and avoid risks, thus improving the overall level of modern agriculture.
8. What is the relationship between the production price index and the wholesale price index?
The production price index of agricultural products is a relative number that reflects the changing trend and amplitude of the price level of agricultural products sold by agricultural producers in a certain period. The index can objectively reflect the changes in the production price level and structure of agricultural products in China and meet the needs of agriculture and national economic accounting. Among them, the production price index of representative products is obtained by geometric average of individual indexes of all survey units that have sold the products, and the price indexes of large, medium and small categories are obtained by weighted average of price indexes of their categories (or representative products). The calculation method of quarterly cumulative price index is the same as that of quarterly index.
With the help of the resources of basic information construction, we can use the electronic settlement data of the wholesale market to carry out data mining applications, forming a sublimation from the traditional wholesale market network to the modern information network, reporting millions of data, which comes from unified market settlement data, is true and reliable, has advanced data model, is scientific in decision-making, has been published for more than one year, and has generated price index, price difference index and price space index normally. It is the general agent, base and agriculture-related enterprises of Zhongnong.com agricultural products wholesale market.
Ministry of Agriculture: National Wholesale Price Index of Agricultural Products
According to the market monitoring of the Ministry of Agriculture, on June 26th, the "National Wholesale Price Index of Agricultural Products" 165438 was 186.65, up 0.67 points from last Friday, among which the wholesale price index of "vegetable basket" products was 184.26, up 0.59 points from last Friday. As of today 14: 00, the average price of pork in the national wholesale market is 20.8 1 yuan/kg, up1.0% from last Friday; Beef is 44.34 yuan/kg, up1.3% from last Friday; Mutton is 47.75 yuan/kg, down 0.8% from last Friday; Eggs are 8.96 yuan/kg, up 0.6% from last Friday; White striped chicken 14.54 yuan/kg, up 2.5% from last Friday. The average price of 28 vegetables monitored was 3.23 yuan/kg, up 1.9% from last Friday. The average price of seven fruits monitored was 4.80 yuan/kg, up 1.7% from last Friday. The average price of crucian carp 13.94 yuan/kg, down 0.3% from last Friday; Carp 10.94 yuan/kg, up 0.6% from last Friday; Silver carp 8.02 yuan/kg, up 4.8% from last Friday; Hairtail is 28.28 yuan/kg, down 2.0% from last Friday.
On the 26th, among the 60 varieties monitored in the domestic fresh agricultural products wholesale market, compared with last Friday, the top five prices rose by 7.5%, 6.5%, 6.2%, 4.8% and 4.7% respectively. The top five price drops are: Pseudosciaena crocea, carrot, hairtail, wax gourd and silver carp, with ranges of 4.5%, 2.6%, 2.0%, 2.0% and 0.9% respectively.