This emptiness is the real source of boredom. It is always eager for external stimulation, hoping to give the mind an excuse to get rid of it. Therefore, they are not picky about the choice of stimulation. The nature of their social interaction and conversation, as well as their chatting at the door and looking out of the window, can be proved everywhere.
The richer a person's heart is, the less he needs others-the less others can do for him, which is why a high degree of wisdom can make people unsociable.
Most people just want to kill time, but smart people want to use time. People with limited intelligence are often bored, because their intelligence is only a tool of willpower. When nothing special can make the will work, the will will rest, and some people's intelligence. The result is a terrible stagnation of human ability, in short, boredom. In order to cope with this sad feeling, people are scrambling to do some trivial things that can only be enjoyed for a while, hoping that this will make their will work and give play to their intelligence.
We shouldn't expect too much from others, or generally don't expect too much from the outside world. Happiness obtained from the outside world is uncertain, unreliable and depends on luck. In this way, our mood will change with the changes of external things, so we should try our best to find the source of happiness from ourselves. Most people put their lifelong happiness outside themselves, such as their property, status, spouse, children, friends, clubs and so on. Once those things outside themselves are lost or disappointed, their foundation of happiness will be destroyed. Their focus is not on themselves. Whenever their wishes and fantasies change, their focus will change.
6. Epicurus divided human needs into three categories, one is naturally necessary needs, such as food and clothing, and the other is natural but unnecessary needs, such as sexual satisfaction. There are three kinds of belts that are unnatural and unnecessary, including extravagant, ostentatious and so on.
Note: Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory is more specific and detailed, including physiological needs (food, clothing, housing and transportation), safety needs (personal safety and health protection), social needs (sense of belonging, friendship and love), respect needs (self-esteem, recognition and status) and self-realization (self-development).
1. The amount of people's desire for wealth is always relative, just keeping a proportion between what they seek and what they get.
If we have enough money to be self-sufficient, we should regard it as a barrier against disasters and misfortunes. We should not take it as proof that we can have fun in this world, or think that money should be spent like this. Many people who make money by talent think that their talent is eternal capital, and the money they earn is only the profit of the principal, so they spend as much as they earn, which is often the case in the art world. But the business world is different. Businessmen's money is a tool to make money.
Note: This is my view of wealth. I earn money just to look at happiness and minimize the pain caused by lack of money.
People born with money have regarded money as air. Without it, they can't survive. They cling to money as if to protect their lives. Such people usually love order and are cautious and frugal. The poor treat the unexpected money as a thing apart, and it doesn't matter if they spend it. Going back to the past is a big deal. The so-called "beggar rides a horse, and the horse gets off when it is tired."
Poverty, like a plague, is closely related to people's lives, and money can protect people from this chronic disease and free us from the work of natural destiny. Only such a person can say that I am the master of my own time and power. So Aristotle once said that wisdom can only be touched by people who have independent means of production.
1. Everyone's real existence is in his own skin, not in other people's opinions, which will greatly increase our sense of happiness.
In any case, personality is far more important than nationality and nationality. Nationalism is just another name for a special form of human intolerance and despicable character in various countries.
3. Honor is an external conscience, and conscience is an internal honor, but my preferred definition is that honor has both objective and subjective aspects. The objective honor is what others think of our values, and the subjective honor is our respect for others' views. (The second half of the sentence refers to conscience? )
4. People's abilities can only be brought into full play in the community. When our consciousness has not yet developed, we will find a desire to be regarded as a useful member of society by others, that is, to be able to perform our duties as human beings and gain social rights and interests. But it will soon be found that whether a person is useful in society depends not on his own views, but on the views of others, so it is very valuable for people to try their best to make others feel good about themselves.
5. Insult is short-lived slander. When we insult others, it means that we have no real or real reason to blame each other. Otherwise, we can take these reasons as the premise and let the listeners draw their own conclusions, but we don't. We come to a conclusion, but ignore the premise, hoping that people will think that we are doing this to make a long story short.
6. Fame can't bring happiness to a person. What makes him happy is the excellent quality that can bring him fame, that is, noble character and excellent ability.
7. The reputation of luck will also embarrass the client, because there will always be a time when he will be dizzy without climbing high, even though he will be immersed in the illusion of self-appreciation.
8. The satisfaction of the mind is that there will be no obstacles at all.
9. A good person does not represent a small part of someone, but refers to the whole, which is complete in itself. An ordinary society is like music played by a trumpet band. Each speaker has only one note, and each note will play music when it appears at the right time. The monotonous sound from a single speaker can tell the psychological state of most people. There seems to be only one thought in a person's mind, and nothing else can hold it. Why are people so boring, why do they like to socialize, and why do humans live in groups? It is the monotony of one's personality that makes one feel unbearable. Let a lot of people get together and we get some results, including some music played by our mono tube. A wise man plays a solo instrument.
10. Once you make up your mind to do something, you must stick to it. Don't worry about rethinking what you have done or worrying about many possible dangers again. Forget the problem completely, don't think about it again, remember that you have made mature consideration at the right time.
Note: detailed planning has been made before. When it doesn't work in a short time, it's because only part of the plan has been completed. When it is finished, the overall effect will come out. Just like carving a piece of wood, it can't be called a work of art until the end, so when you feel blind, lose motivation and want to give up, don't forget your original intention!
1 1. Life lies in movement, and we exist because our organisms are constantly moving. If we want to live wisely, we must constantly let ourselves do something, no matter what it is, as long as it is some practical or inner activity.
12. In this world stage, most people each play a small role and then step down. Genius leads a double life, being both an actor and an audience.
13. We should not be manipulated by temporary impressions, nor should we be influenced by the appearance of things. These impressions and representations have far more influence on us than the simple function of ideas or a series of ideas. They have a great influence, not because these temporary impressions can provide rich information, but because our intuition is familiar with it and its function is direct. They forced their way into our hearts, disturbed our peace and shattered our determination.
14. Why does our memory think about our attitude in the past stage and sometimes almost completely change it? This change is because we can't disturb all the temporary effects of our mood at any time in the past. In this respect, memory is like the lens of a camera, which narrows everything in the field of vision, thus creating a more exquisite image than the original scenery. As far as people are concerned, if they can't get together, they can always get some benefits. Although the idealized trend of memory takes time to complete, this idealized trend begins immediately. It is wise to visit old and new friends every once in a while. When you see them again, you will find that your memory is becoming idealized.
15. No one can tell his height. What you can see in others is limited to what you have. Your level of wisdom strictly determines how well you know others. If our wisdom is low, we can't see anything about him except the most despicable part of his personality and character. People without intelligence can't see intelligence.
Note: Marx once said, "The level of the universe in your mind is the cognitive level you can reach." In other words, the world is as big as the heart. Why do we always like to see other people's shortcomings? This also reflects that our wisdom is low and we can only see their shortcomings. Why is there a great woman behind every successful man? Because these women are smart and have good eyesight, she can see the potential in that man.
16. Communication between people involves a process of lowering, otherwise you can't talk to them. Here, compare the communication between people to the distribution of electricity (high-voltage electricity becomes low-voltage electricity), and you will understand that being a man needs to belittle yourself.
17. The only way to get along with others and gain an advantage is to show them that we don't depend on them.
18. Despise to get attention. It's okay to mix some contempt into a relationship once in a while.
Note: Taking retreat as progress, distance produces beauty.
19. The way God created man is just like Shakespeare and Goethe. These great writers make every character in their works (including the devil himself) appear appropriately in different roles. All the characters are described so objectively that we are interested, and we can't help sympathizing with their views. They won't tell you in a warning tone: this man is a fool and this man is a devil.
Note: People are multifaceted and complicated. A person who looks simple and honest may be cunning and unreliable. Many people must have layers of camouflage in order to survive.
20. The way a person handles small things can tell his character-because he didn't pay special attention at that time.
Note: Even if a person knows how to pretend, he will not pretend too much when dealing with trivial things, and there are too few people who do things in a watertight way. On the other hand, it tells us that details are the devil, and others may infer your true character and personality characteristics from your details through the above principles, thus establishing a preliminary impression on you.
2 1. Most people are more vicious than kind. Forgiveness means losing the experience bought at a high price.
Note: A leopard cannot change his spots. Personality can't be changed, because all people's behavior comes from inner principles.
22. If you want to know the behavior of someone you plan to place in an institution, you can't base your expectations on his promises and guarantees. But to consider what kind of environment he will be placed in, and to what extent the environment and his personality may conflict, so that there will be some clues.
Note: Don't judge from the other person's subjective words and deeds, because he doesn't know it himself, but from the disharmony of his environment and his own personality.
23. When you encounter a particularly despicable or stupid temperament, you must be careful not to let this situation bother or bother you. Think of it as the material to increase your knowledge, just a new fact to consider when studying human nature. Our attitude towards these despicable and stupid things should be no different from that of a mineralogist who stumbled upon a very special mineral specimen.
24. Napoleon said that "unnatural things can't be perfect", which can express the relationship between a person's acquired personality and inner nature.
25. Women with status are different, because personal temperament is completely derived from "comparison" and status is produced by the process of "reflection". Much like a person's special face, depending on the main color around him.
26. We trust others, largely because of our own pure laziness, selfishness and vanity: I say laziness because we don't inquire about the reasons and act actively and cautiously, but prefer to trust others; Selfishness, because of the pressure of things, we find someone to talk to; And vanity, because asking others to keep secrets is what I am proud of. However, we hope others will be faithful to our trust in them.
Note: This actually means that we should not abuse trust sometimes, but in this era, teamwork is needed in many places, so some trust is essential. You can't rely on yourself everywhere. You're too tired to finish it. In short, we should reasonably grasp a degree.
27. Politeness is wise, rudeness is stupid. It is crazy to create enemies with unnecessary wayward and uncivilized practices. Politeness is just a bargaining chip-it is recognized that it is foolish to spend money with false money, and people with understanding use it in large quantities.
28. What to do and what not to do. We, you, can't take anyone as an example, because no two situations and situations are the same examples, and the differences in personality also make what we do have special and individual significance. Once a person has seriously considered what to do, he should do it according to his own personality.
29. If you want your opinion to be accepted, please say it in a calm and unemotional tone. All passion is rooted in our "mind". Therefore, if your opinion is expressed with intense emotions, people will think that it is the effort of "mind" rather than the product of "knowledge", which is merciless in nature. Because the mind is the primary and basic component of human nature, "knowledge" is only a secondary thing that happens by accident. Most people will think that your intense expression of opinions stems from the excitement of your mind, but they don't believe that your brain is excited only because of the strong nature of your opinions.
If you have reason to suspect that someone is lying, you should show that you believe everything he says, which will encourage him to go on, and his story will become more intense and eventually reveal clues. Also, if you see someone trying to hide something from you, but it's not very successful, pretend you don't believe him. Your opposition will stimulate him to reveal the truth and tell the truth to deal with your doubts.
3 1. At an important juncture in life, when we decide on an important step, our behavior is not guided by the knowledge of what to do, but out of the deep impulse, which can almost be called intuition. Intuition is actually the sum or result of all our thoughts, feelings and wishes.
When estimating the risks that may be involved in the work, most people limit their snooping to the risks that have occurred in the past. The prudent will look ahead, consider every possible event in the future, and achieve a proverb: some things will not happen in a year, but they may happen in two minutes.
We shouldn't feel sorry for trifles, let alone worry about them in our hearts. Instead, we should keep a distance from them, treat them as stones on the road, push them off the road, never let them go, and never allow them to occupy a place in reflection.
34. Life is a long war, and every step should be fought hard. If we want to succeed, we can only rely on the blade of this sword, which was still in our hands when we died.
Children are learning to observe things and people around them from an eternal perspective. This is why some knowledge and experience gained in childhood and youth will become the permanent headlines of all the knowledge we will gain in the future. Those early forms of knowledge seem to be evolving into categories, and the consequences of later experiences also fall into those categories, although we are not always clear about these understandings in our hearts.
36. Education instills "concepts" into us, but concepts cannot give information about the true and basic nature of things, and can only be realized by intuitive means. This kind of knowledge can never be injected into us from the outside, we must rely on ourselves.
Note: Practice makes true knowledge.
37. We regard the things around us as the only ones in each category, as if nothing else exists. Later, when we found that everything in the world was beautiful, this initial mentality gradually disappeared, followed by our courage and patience.
38. When I was young, I felt abandoned by the world, and later I felt as if I had escaped from this world.
The main result of life experience is "clear vision". At this time, we can look at things honestly and accept everything according to the real situation. In the early years, we saw a dream world patched together by our whimsy, genetic prejudice and bizarre delusion. We don't see the real world, or the world we see is distorted. The first thing that experience should do is to liberate us from the misplaced ideas we acquired when we were young.
40. Life can be compared to embroidery. In the first half of my life, I saw the front of embroidery, and in the second half, I saw the back. The negative side is not as good as the positive side, but it is more educational. He explained how silk threads are embroidered together.
4 1. Why do you feel that time flies when you are old?
Note: When we were young, we had a strong curiosity, which can be regarded as the process of building many neurons through the cognition of new things and the understanding of new knowledge, and we will get many new gains every day. But as you get older, you will get older. But you will find that everyday life is repetitive. We can take the image compression method in the computer as a metaphor. Sometimes in order to make the memory of the image smaller, we will compress the image. For the bitmap composed of pixel blocks, usually a number of pixel blocks with similar colors are combined into one, and the overall effect is not much different from the original image, which is difficult for us to distinguish with the naked eye. As we get older, we basically do some repetitive things every day, so your brain will compress and cover many of them. Then there will be a feeling that time is passing, but the memory has not changed, only those few, so there will be an illusion that time passes quickly when you are old. Therefore, only by accepting new stimuli every day, such as reading and studying, walking and traveling, can time be slowed down.
1. Apart from life, sex is the most powerful and active of all impulses. Occupy the universal thought and energy of the golden age of mankind. It is also the ultimate goal of human life. It will interfere with the most important events and suddenly interrupt the most serious work.
The existence of the next generation is based on our sexual desire, and the essence of these people is completely defined by the choice of objects when satisfying sexual desire. Moreover, nothing can be cancelled or changed.
3. The general sexual desire in consciousness, if it is not aimed at a certain opposite sex, then he is just thinking about himself. Phenomenologically, it is just a kind of "survival desire". If the consciousness of sexual desire, thinking about a specific individual, is "the will to survive to carry on the family line."
This new life is a very harmonious and well-formed individual. Therefore, they are eager to integrate into society and live together. This desire is satisfied in their children, and their genetic nature is unified in their children to survive.
Natural use of personal "self-interest" creates an illusion that falling in love is for the pursuit of personal interests, but in fact it is for the continuation of race.
6. In order to make children as pure and solemn as possible to maintain a typical race. Therefore, most people choose beautiful individuals because they can clearly express their racial characteristics.
7. After a man's love is satisfied, the decline is obvious. I think most women are better than their wives. And women's love begins to rise at the moment of satisfaction. The reason is that the principle of nature is to maintain race and reproduce as much as possible. Because men can produce a lot of sperm, they can combine with more women and spread genes. And women can only raise one child a year.
8. A certain degree of masculinity is suitable for a certain degree of femininity, so that the prejudices of both sides can offset each other.
1. Because I am often addicted to books, my eyes are divorced from the real world, and the opportunities and atmosphere for thinking are far less than those inspired by books in the real world, because the real world and the things in front of me have their primitiveness and strength, and they are the best objects for thinking. It is the easiest to promote this kind of psychological activity.
No matter how many books you read, if you don't think, you can only become an author's racetrack.
This kind of destruction is only the destruction of the phenomenon, so it is a phenomenon in itself. However, in the face of destruction, his fundamental existence has not been affected in any way. This basic existence continues to exist among others. For this other, he must be soberly aware here and now.
4. We can understand our own existence in two diametrically opposite ways: the first is to adopt the way of experience perception through its external performance. The second way is to realize that existence is the only real existence in general and in fact, and this existence is further reflected in his other existence, just as he saw it in the mirror. The former way of knowledge only understands phenomena and communicates through the principle of individualization, but the latter way is a direct observation of someone's existence as a thing itself.
1. The real power of habit is only to liberate our reason and will from the labor, hardships and dangers of making new choices.
Happiness and unhappiness are only the proportion of what we want and what we actually get.
Hope is to confuse the desire for one thing with the possibility of it.
A hopeless person, that is, a fearless person, is called putting all your eggs in one basket.
The pain brought by nature and fate is not comparable to the pain brought by the will of others. Because the former is imposed on us and others, it is not so much a personal misfortune as a common misfortune of all mankind.
6. Real contempt always keeps a straight face and prevents anyone from discovering his existence. This is a pure and innocent belief that others are worthless, and he requires an open and tolerant attitude.
All the above are excerpts from the parts of the book that I personally think are excellent, and the notes I made are only my own superficial ideas.
In my opinion, we should read more classic works of western philosophy, sociology, economics, history, anthropology, etc., and then it is better to know the classic works of ancient China, because there are too few words in China's ancient books, and the level of annotators is different, so there will be many cognitive biases and cognitive obstacles when understanding the full text. Just like the Analects of Confucius, many truths are really incisive, but few people tell you why. When we are young, it is ok to recite them as moral and ethical norms. But when self-will awakens, we are no longer so confused, and we will ask the truth behind those wise words, because only a deep understanding of the physiological and psychological reasons behind it will cause our deepest cognitive changes and then affect our behavior. For example, Harvard University's "Happiness" open class is different from those chicken soup on the market, because it explains the deep-seated reasons behind it and is supported by a variety of experimental materials and survey data.