Pudong Airport operates airlines.
There are 88 airlines operating in Shanghai Pudong Airport on 20 17, including China Eastern Airlines, Shanghai Airlines, China Southern Airlines, Jixiang, Air China and Chunqiu. The seating capacity of six airlines accounts for 66. 1% of the total airport capacity. China Eastern Airlines invested the most in the seating capacity of Pudong Airport, with a share of 26.9%.
As the main base airline of Pudong Airport, the operation strategy of China Eastern Airlines in Pudong plays a vital role in the development of the airport. According to the flight plan data from 2065438 to March 7, 2008, the author draws the arrival and departure of China Eastern Airlines flights at Pudong Airport as shown in the following figure. As can be seen from the figure, China Eastern Airlines has continuously optimized its flight structure at Pudong Airport, and has formed the embryonic form of flight waves.
The optimization effect of international and domestic inbound and outbound flights is obvious.
Hongqiao Airport operates airlines.
There are 26 airlines operating in 20 17 * * Hongqiao airport, among which the main airlines are China Eastern Airlines, Shanghai Airlines, China Southern Airlines, Jixiang, Chunqiu and Air China, among which China Eastern Airlines has invested the most in seat capacity, with a share of 3 1.55%.
The flight operation of China Eastern Airlines in Hongqiao is basically the same as that of other large and medium-sized hubs in China, with a large number of flights leaving Hong Kong in the morning peak and a large number of flights entering Hong Kong in the evening peak. There are no obvious centralized flights in and out of Hong Kong during the day.
I. Comparison between regional economic and social development and the total scale of airport transportation
1. Overview of regional economic and social development
Shanghai has a natural advantage in geographical location. It is located at the mouth of the Yangtze River, near Hangzhou Bay, and adjacent to Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. Shanghai is the largest shipping center in China. As a financial center for a long time, it contains almost all the elements of the financial market. As an important part of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration, it undoubtedly plays a leading role in economy, transportation, science and technology and trade.
In 20 16, the permanent population of Shanghai reached 24197,000, ranking second among 66 1 cities in China, second only to Chongqing. In 20 16, Shanghai's per capita GDP was 1 17000 yuan, ranking third in the country, far higher than the national average (54000 yuan). Shanghai's economic and social development has provided a good foundation and conditions for the development of air transport.
2. The relative geographical location and transportation scale of the airport.
Shanghai Pudong International Airport is located in the coastal area of Pudong New Area, about 30 kilometers away from the center of Shanghai. Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport is located in Changning District, Shanghai, 3 kilometers away from the city center/kloc-0. The specific location is as shown below. The straight-line distance between the two airports is about 45.2 kilometers.
In 20 17, the passenger throughput of Pudong Airport reached 700 1 10,000 passengers, and Dallas Fort Worth Airport and Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport, which exceeded 20 16, ranked ninth in the world. Hongqiao Airport's passenger throughput in 20 17 reached 418.84 million, ranking 45th in the world (data source: CADAS).
20 16 Up to now, Shanghai has become the fifth city in the world with a passenger throughput of over 100 million after London, new york, Tokyo and Atlanta.
From 20 13 to 20 17, the scale and growth rate of air transportation between Pudong and Hongqiao are restricted by basic hardware conditions and airspace conditions. The average growth rate of Pudong Airport (10.4%) and Hongqiao Airport (4. 1%) is lower than that of the whole country 165438+. Since 20 12, the average growth rate of Pudong Airport has been higher than that of Hongqiao Airport.
Pudong Airport undertakes about 95% of the international air transport tasks in Shanghai. In recent years, the proportion of international passengers has been rising, and the share of international business has exceeded 40%. Hongqiao Airport's international business has always accounted for less than 5%, and the domestic market has an absolute advantage.
Second, the airport route network layout
1, route network layout
As can be seen from the route network layout of the two airports, Pudong Airport has a wide domestic and international network coverage; Hongqiao Airport is dominated by the domestic market, with a small number of Northeast Asian routes.
The accessibility of aviation network is usually measured by coverage and network thickness. The coverage of airline network is usually characterized by the number of access points, and the network thickness is usually measured by the daily flight frequency of navigation points.
Pudong Airport is superior to Hongqiao Airport in terms of international and domestic route network coverage, with domestic airports 137 and Hongqiao Airport11. The number of international navigable airports in Pudong Airport is 1 15, and Hongqiao is 3.
However, in terms of route network thickness, the daily average frequency of domestic and international navigation airports of Hongqiao Airport is better than that of Pudong Airport. In other words, the domestic and international network coverage of Pudong Airport is wider; Hongqiao's route network is thicker.
2. Operation of Pudong Airport and Hongqiao Airport in the domestic market
As mentioned above, although the number of navigation points of Pudong Airport (137) in the domestic market is higher than that of Hongqiao Airport (11), there is no obvious difference between the two airports in terms of seat capacity investment (Hongqiao Airport's domestic seat capacity investment is 48.95 million, and Pudong Airport's is 56,544).
From the distribution of seating capacity in the domestic market, there are 57 overlapping markets and 77 independent markets. Among the 57 overlapping markets, there are 32 airports with more capacity input from Pudong Airport than Hongqiao Airport, and 25 airports with more capacity input from Hongqiao Airport.
Judging from the total input of seat capacity in the two overlapping markets, the input of seat capacity in Hongqiao Airport is obviously greater than that in Pudong Airport. In 57 domestic overlapping markets, the total investment in the seating capacity of Pudong Airport is 37.54 million, and that of Hongqiao Airport is 46.98 million.
The seat investment of Pudong Airport in the independent operation market is higher than that of Hongqiao Airport. In 20 17, the number of domestic airports independently operated by Pudong Airport was 56, with a seating capacity of13.48 million, while Hongqiao Airport only had 2 1 with a seating capacity of1960,000.
Starting from Hongqiao Airport, the overall fare level is higher than that of Pudong Airport, and there are more passengers. In the 19 market where the passenger flow of Pudong Airport is dominant, the fare level of Hongqiao Airport is still high. Only in a few 14 markets with low transportation scale, the average fare level of Pudong Airport is higher than that of Hongqiao Airport. In other words, in the overlapping domestic market, the income level of Hongqiao Airport is higher than that of Pudong Airport.
3. Operation of Pudong Airport and Hongqiao Airport in the international market
Hongqiao Airport operates three international airports on 20 17, namely: Gimpo International Airport in Korea, Haneda International Airport in Japan and Pulkovo Airport in Russia. South Korea's Gimpo Airport is an independent navigation market of Hongqiao Airport. Haneda Airport in Japan and Pulkovo Airport in Russia operate at the same time, and the capacity investment of Pudong Airport in Haneda and Pulkovo Airport is higher than Hongqiao.