The investment control method and experience investment level of Zhenhai Refinery's 8 million tons/year refinery expansion project directly affect the technical economy of the construction project. Investment control is carried out in the whole process from decision-making, design, procurement, construction to completion and production. Therefore, only the whole process and all-round management can achieve the purpose of investment control. Combined with the project construction process, the investment control means in decision-making, design and implementation stages are put forward. Zhenhai Refining and Chemical Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Zhenhai Refining and Chemical Co., Ltd.) is a national key construction project, and the State Planning Commission has approved a total investment of about 654.38+007 million yuan. The whole project is carried out in two steps. The first phase of the project is: by building some new units and transforming the original oil refining units, the company's first-class crude oil processing capacity reaches160,000 tons/year, and the comprehensive crude oil processing capacity reaches120,000 tons/year. In July of 200 1 year, the first phase of the project passed the national completion acceptance. The second goal is to build some new units, expand the production capacity of the old units, and make the comprehensive crude oil processing capacity of the whole company reach160,000 tons/year. The second phase of the project started in 2000, and all projects are expected to be completed by the end of 2003. The estimated budget of the first step project feasibility study is about 7.9 billion yuan, the total estimated budget of preliminary design is 4.3 billion yuan, and the actual expenditure of completion settlement is about 3 billion yuan, which is relatively successful in investment control. Based on the construction of this project, this paper discusses some investment control methods from several key links, hoping to play a role in attracting jade. I. Investment control in the project decision-making stage Project decision-making has the greatest impact on the whole project investment, and investment control is also the most critical. The focus of investment control at this stage is to reasonably determine the project construction scale, select and optimize the technical route, and set the best construction goal. 1. Determination of construction scale and overall process route. Zhenhai Refining & Chemical Company is located in the developed coastal areas, and its oil consumption is high. Moreover, Beilun Port in Ningbo has a deep-water berth that can dock 250,000-ton tankers, and crude oil can be directly transported to the company from overseas by large-tonnage tankers, with low freight rates. Therefore, Sinopec Group decided to build Zhenhai Refinery into a high-sulfur crude oil processing base. It is decided to introduce the circulating fluidized bed boiler of Foster Wheeler Company in the United States and use high-sulfur petroleum coke as boiler fuel. This not only solves the way out of high sulfur coke, but also protects the environment. Generally, the market price of high-sulfur petroleum coke is two to one third of that of coal, and its calorific value is 1.4 times that of coal. As the fuel of boiler, its power generation is about 0.2 yuan cheaper than that of purchased electricity. 2. Optimization of the overall scheme. On the basis of fully relying on the original facilities, the old equipment is reformed to reduce investment. Fully rely on the existing devices of the enterprise, and build as few new devices and facilities as possible. With the goal of "more output with less input", the group company organized expert argumentation meetings for many times, adjusted the original plan of building 12 unit, built 5 new units and reformed 7 units, greatly reducing the investment of increasing refining capacity by 8 million tons/year compared with the original new plan. 3. Step-by-step implementation and rolling development. After the overall goal of 8 million tons/year oil refining project expansion was determined, it was decided to build the whole project in two steps by taking advantage of the objective reality that the company's crude oil processing capacity was increasing year by year. The progress of each sub-project is also very detailed, which not only ensures that the expansion of processing capacity can meet the needs of increasing crude oil processing capacity, but also meets the ever-changing and developing market demand. Accelerate the construction of projects with good benefits and strive for early production; As the market changes, we will slow down the project construction, slow down the peak of capital investment, reduce bank loans, and reduce interest expenses and construction costs. Second, the investment control design stage in the planning stage also has a great influence on investment. The goal of investment control in design stage is the investment estimation of feasibility study report, and the focus of investment control is to decompose and implement the project, optimize the design scheme and pay attention to the combination of technology and economy. 1. Good overall design The overall design is completed by an overall design institute, which decomposes the whole project, establishes a unified code system, unifies design specifications and standards, and clarifies the division of labor and cooperation between the overall design institute and other design institutes. The expansion (first step) of the 8 million tons/year oil refining project is divided into 43 subprojects, and the investment amount of each subproject is used as the basis for the next investment control. 2. Strengthen design management. Strengthen the organic combination of technology and economy in design, and vigorously promote quota design. Quota design is to decompose the investment and engineering quantity approved in the previous stage, and then reach each design specialty after approval, and then decompose it into each unit project and division project. In view of the goal of cost decomposition, the heads of various design disciplines focus on controlling equipment selection, material selection and engineering quantity. In the design process, the major design modifications that affect the project cost are compared with the corresponding economic schemes, and the value engineering is used to make a comprehensive evaluation from the perspectives of function and cost, from which the best scheme is selected. 3. Make full use of the original facilities and optimize the design scheme. In the design of capacity expansion and transformation of the original device, a large number of original equipment should be used instead of demolition and reconstruction. In the oil refining project (the first phase project) with an expansion of 8 million tons/year, 5 sets of devices were reformed, and a large number of original equipment and facilities were reused. Through these careful calculations, a lot of money has been saved. 3. Do a good job in the introduction of key technologies and the localization of major equipment. In line with the principle of "being active, safe, reliable and seeking truth from facts", we will consider introducing advanced technologies from abroad that have not been successfully developed in China. In the expansion of 8 million tons/year oil refining project, the design of 8 million tons/year atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit introduced the advanced Petrolite electric desalting technology of the United States; The design of 70,000 tons/year sulfur recovery unit adopts Claus sulfur recovery and SCOT tail gas purification process, and the construction drawing design is based on the basic design provided by STORK Company in the Netherlands. The circulating fluidized bed boiler technology of Foster Wheeler Company of the United States was introduced, and two 220-ton/hour boilers were built. In terms of equipment selection, we should strengthen cooperation with domestic scientific research institutes and manufacturers, carry out localization design of related projects, adopt domestic mature advanced technologies as much as possible and save investment. For example, in the newly-built 3 million tons/year catalytic cracking-gas fractionation combined unit, three compressor units adopted domestic equipment. Through joint technical research with scientific research institutes and research institutes, domestic catalysts were used in the transformation of hydrocracking unit, saving a lot of foreign exchange. Third, the investment control project implementation stage is the real cost and large expenditure stage. Although the proportion of savings investment in this stage is relatively small compared with the previous stages, there is a great possibility of wasting investment. Therefore, at this stage, we should strengthen management and take strict control measures in all aspects. 1. Cost control of equipment and materials procurement. The goal of equipment and material cost control is the corresponding expenses listed in the approved preliminary design budget, and the main means of control is limited procurement. Zhenhai Refining and Chemical Company uses its own management advantages to independently purchase project equipment and main materials. The company has established a series of systems such as material supply and procurement management, and implemented the bidding system for the procurement of equipment and materials. According to the law of market competition, suppliers with good reputation, ability and service are selected as inquiry objects, and they are selected through bidding. The estimated equipment cost of the 8 million tons/year refinery expansion project (Phase I) is 65.438+0.38 billion yuan, and the actual expenditure is about 65.438+0./kloc-0.00 billion yuan, saving 20%. 2. Process bidding and contract management. Zhenhai Refining & Chemical Company actively promotes the bidding system in engineering construction. The company has established a complete set of project bidding methods, and decided the employer of the project contract through strict and scientific bidding operation procedures and bid evaluation methods. Taking the construction enterprises with high qualification, good reputation and strong strength as the bidding targets, the competitive mechanism is introduced, and the construction units are selected by comparing the quality, construction period and cost. Adhere to the project bidding according to the construction drawing to avoid and reduce the uncertainty and randomness in the project implementation process to the maximum extent; Strictly formulate contract documents and reasonably determine the interface and scope of the project contract; Try to implement closed contract and lock in the project cost. 3. Investment control in the construction stage. First, do a good job in construction organization and management, and strive to shorten the construction period as much as possible, which can not only make the project put into production as soon as possible, but also save the cost during the construction period. The company has compiled the overall control network of the 8 million tons/year refinery expansion project, and used the critical path method (CPM) to determine the progress of each project. In the progress control work, the progress node is regarded as the key to ensure the realization of the goal of the big node. Establish a project coordination system, regularly or irregularly coordinate the progress relationship between contractors, implement dynamic control of project progress, and adjust the progress in time. Scientific schedule planning and effective schedule control ensure the realization of the overall schedule goal. The second is to optimize the construction plan and save investment. Whether the construction scheme is reasonable or not directly affects the investment of construction projects, so we should strive to make the construction scheme scientific, reasonable and economical. In the construction preparation stage, the general layout of the project should be considered comprehensively, and the approach and placement positions of equipment, materials and large machinery should be arranged reasonably as far as possible, so as to minimize the number of movements, and the earthwork should have a reasonable stacking position to avoid going back and forth. For those renovation projects that are difficult to construct, a special symposium will be held to discuss the construction organization design and technical scheme, determine the most reasonable and economical construction scheme, and save a lot of investment. Third, strictly control site change and site visa. During the construction process, site changes and site visas must go through strict procedures and be approved by relevant leaders. At the same time, the signing procedures should be strictly performed, and all changes and visas should indicate the number and reasons of the project. For the on-site changes and on-site visas that violate the regulations, no additional fees or settlement shall be allowed. By strictly controlling the number of contact plates, the project cost is effectively controlled. The fourth is to establish a "project progress payment control account" to strictly control the project progress payment. Establish a "project progress payment control account" as the main basis for paying the progress payment to the construction unit every time, so that the progress payment dynamics of each construction unit can be seen at a glance. The established control account fully considers the characteristics of numerous engineering projects and relatively concentrated construction units. Set up accounts according to the project first, then according to the name of the construction unit, and then focus on reflecting in detail the paid materials, project progress payment, materials provided by Party A, project contract cost, project budget cost and project image progress. Before each payment of progress payment, compare the total accumulated payment reported by the construction unit and confirmed by the engineering management department with the contract cost and budget cost of this project, and then pay the progress payment, so as to control the total payment within the contract cost and budget cost, and pay the progress payment according to the actual amount, which effectively controls the payment of progress payment. 4. Strengthen the management of "three calculations" and reasonably determine the project cost. In the management of budget and final accounts, strictly implement the audit system of project budget and final accounts, carefully audit every budget and final accounts of Jian 'an project submitted by the construction unit according to law and compliance, and control the economy fairly and reasonably. For design changes and visa forms, the construction administrators of various disciplines on site are required to sign and confirm the implementation, and the settlement can only be handled after being reviewed and confirmed by the project manager. The company has also established a project write-off system, that is, after the project budget and final accounts are audited by the project budget and final accounts department, they will be sent to the investment department of the company for review and inspection, and the financial final accounts can be processed only after they are qualified, so as to control the project cost more effectively. Through the above measures, the initial design, construction and installation cost of the 8 million tons/year oil refining project (the first step) was 65.438+55 billion yuan, and the actual settlement was 65.438+34 billion yuan, saving 8.6%. Unforeseen expenses and prepaid price difference of 340 million yuan were saved.
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