1, the view of the unity of body and mind.
Psychology and physiology are interactive and mutually causal. Therefore, counselors should understand psychological problems on the basis of combining them. Help-seekers often have the tendency of somatization of psychological problems, that is, showing psychological problems as various physical discomfort. Sometimes, poor physical condition will be manifested as psychological discomfort. This requires consulting people, being good at distinguishing, being good at analyzing, being good at dialectical treatment, and not looking at problems in isolation.
2. The view that psychological, physiological and social factors interact.
There are many factors that cause psychological distress of help seekers, which are the result of the interaction of physiological, psychological and social factors. One cause has many fruits, and one fruit has many causes, which are mutually causal and complicated.
The causes of psychological problems are both horizontal and vertical, which requires counselors to analyze the influence of various factors on psychological problems as well as the influence of past events on current psychological problems from the perspective of historical development.
In fact, the causes of every realistic psychological problem are often three-dimensional, with both horizontal and vertical factors. These two factors are intertwined, forming the real cause of psychological problems. Without a general view, it is impossible for a consultant to grasp the real reason.
3. Holism.
Any kind of psychology and behavior of human beings is by no means isolated, it is always linked with the whole psychological activities of human beings. In the overall psychological activities, if there is a problem in one aspect, you can "affect the whole body".
Cognition, emotion, emotion, motivation and behavior are always interrelated. Generally speaking, if something goes wrong in one aspect, other aspects will be "implicated".
The psychological problems of help seekers are not static and isolated, and emotional disorders must involve many aspects such as cognition and interpersonal communication. In the psychological counseling clinic, a middle school student may be exposed to the learning ability of psychological counselors.
However, when we carefully understand the problem of aging from the overall perspective, we find that he has problems such as lack of self-confidence and depression in addition to the hidden obstacles in his learning ability. With such thinking and judgment, when determining the consulting scheme, we can grasp the main contradiction and find a suitable breakthrough to solve the problem.
Holism enables us to integrate and apply various consulting methods. In practical work, targeted comprehensive methods are often more effective than single methods. Of course, these methods should cooperate with each other, such as venting emotions, understanding the root causes, adjusting cognition, correcting behavior, imitating learning and so on. As long as it is used properly, the clinical effect is better than that of single method.