Xi Gui, the princess of Chen State (now Huaiyang) in the Spring and Autumn Period, was first his wife and then the queen of Chu State. She was born in late autumn, but the garden is full of peach blossoms. As soon as she was born, she attracted many birds to pay homage to the phoenix, with a peach blossom birthmark on her forehead, just like the reincarnation of the peach blossom goddess. However, Chen's wise man predicted that her arrival would lead to endless pain. She was originally a princess, but she grew up far away from the palace and grew up with her wet nurse. Because she looks like a peach blossom, she is also called "Lady Peach Blossom". It is also said that there are peach blossoms in its burial place, so it is called Mrs. Peach Blossom. Up to now, there is still a Peach Blossom Temple in the east of huangpi district, which is said to be built in memory of Gui. [ 1]
Suffer many misfortunes in my life.
Gui was the princess of Chen in the Spring and Autumn Period (now Huaiyang County, Henan Province). She is as beautiful as a peach blossom in spring. In 684 BC, she married Xihou, known as Mrs Xihou. On her way to get married, she passed Cai and was picked up by her brother-in-law.
Cai Aihou is very dishonest. Seeing that Mrs. Xi was beautiful, she flirted flirtatiously and was rejected.
When Hou Xi knew this, he was very angry, but it was inconvenient for him to attack directly, so he came up with a clever idea and presented a plan to the then superpower monarch Chu: "Please ask Chu to send troops first, pretend to attack Guo, and then I will ask for help. As soon as Cai Guo sends troops, you will help me teach Cai Aihou a lesson. " King Wen of Chu was willing to show his cards on the table, of course, and took the opportunity to remain neutral among the governors, so he followed suit, defeated Cai Jun and captured Cai Aihou alive. In September, Chu Bing defeated Cai in Shendi (now runan county) and captured Cai Hou.
When the prisoner learned that he was captured because of Hou, he was very resentful and praised Ji's beauty in front of the king of Chu. Deeply moved by this, King Wen of Chu quickly ordered the army to destroy the rest country, seize his wife and capture her alive.
When a person is a prisoner, it is a big deal to do heavy work without arms and legs; A woman is a prisoner, but she gave birth to your favorite child with the man you hate the most in humiliation. Although she became the wife of the king of Chu and later gave birth to two sons, Du Ao and the king of Chu, she never spoke to the king of Chu. King Wen of Chu couldn't bear it, forcing him to ask why. Mrs. Xi replied tearfully, "As a woman, I can't serve two husbands, so how can I tell others?" A woman who is indifferent, self-respecting and beautiful to men will become cinnabar in men's hearts. The sadness that King Chu Wen thinks is caused. Besides, that fellow dared to flirt with toad and beat him up! In order to please Gui, King Wen of Chu attacked Cai on a large scale and captured the capital of Cai, leaving evil spirits behind.
Liu Xiang's Biography of Women in the Western Han Dynasty says that Mrs. Xi is a woman who is loyal to love. She took advantage of King Chu Wen's private meeting to persuade him: "Life is only death after all. Being born on the ground is like dying underground? " He also wrote a poem "Car" to express his love for Hou till death do us part. So the couple committed suicide on the same day. King Wen of Chu felt his loyalty and buried them together as princes. "Carriage" has also become the swan song of Mrs. Xi. This passage was made up by Liu Xiang himself. Historically, after the death of King Chu Wen, Mrs. Xi was still alive. At that time, the messengers of Chu pursued her, so she could not have died before King Chu Wen.
Never die
Mrs. Xi's fate is so tragic and changeable that people can't help sighing. Later people called her "Mrs. Peach Blossom", and the history of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty said that it was because she was "like a peach blossom". This name not only appreciates the beauty of her face like a peach blossom, but also regrets that her life is as thin as a peach blossom. Mrs Xi's deeds are recorded in Zuo Zhuan, Historical Records and other books. Many stories about her are still circulating among the people. Later, in order to commemorate her, the Peach Blossom Lady Temple was built on the Peach Blossom Cave outside Hanyang. Mrs. Xi has become a "peach blossom" that never fades in the hearts of literati in past dynasties. Song, Wang Wei, Du Mu, Liu Changqing ... Numerous famous artists wrote poems for this lovely woman like peach blossom, and Mrs. Xi became a well-known unfortunate beauty in history.
2. Editing of historical documents.
Biography of the heroine
Han and Liu said in the biography of a strong woman that the king of Chu destroyed Li, captured the couple, his wife committed suicide, and his husband committed suicide, all at the time of national ruin and death.
Shi LV chun Qiu
According to Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals, if King Wen of Chu wanted to get benefits and Cai, he first pretended to be a good Cai Hou and asked him for benefits. Cai Hou said, "Mrs. Xi, my wife's aunt." I invited him to rest with his wife, but with the king, so I attacked him. "King Wen of Chu acted according to the plan and was very interested in it." Turn away from Cai and take Cai. "
There are many versions of the same thing, which is very common in history. The so-called hearing is clear, and more collection can make a comprehensive choice. At least the following facts can be inferred from the above records: Mrs. Yixi is very beautiful; Hill was destroyed by Chu; Three Cai Hou played a role in it; Fourth, as a victim, Mrs. Xi suffered the sympathy of future generations.
However, the problem is not so simple. Xi Gui and Cai Gui are sisters. Cai Hou should be present when she entertains ghosts. Why didn't she respond? Why didn't a girl like Cai Gui pass on her beauty from generation to generation? Since King Chu Wen ended her exile, why didn't he take the opportunity to drive Cai Gui away?
the left side
"Zuo Zhuan" recorded for ten years, marry Chen, and then marry Yan. The rest will be returned, and Cai will pass. Cai Hou said, "Aunt." Stop and have a look, Fu Bin. When the late Lord heard this, he was very angry and told King Wen of Chu to "behead me, and I asked Cai for help." Zi Chu followed closely. In autumn and September, Chu defeated Yu Xin and returned to China to dance with Cai Hou.
Zuo's criticism of Hou should be found in his works. Sun Wu quoted this sentence in his "Thirty-six False Road Cutting", which means to invite the wolf into the room later and have the meaning of taking the consequences. Imagine Cai Houduo's rudeness, making a man think he was insulted. On the banquet, the word is narrow and evil, and the thief is petty. At most, hug. She has nothing to say, but she is timid and afraid, or is it because of her sister's kindness?
short review
During the Spring and Autumn Period, concubinage prevailed, and sister-in-law monogamy was quite common. Besides, at that time, women's status was low. Of course, Cai Gui is not the only concubine. It's too late for Cai Gui to please him. I'm afraid he won't have any objection to her husband's promiscuity after drinking.
However, Gui is not without eloquence. For fourteen years, Lord Zhuang said, "I want to return and make you king, but you didn't say anything." When Zi Chu asked him, he said to him, "I am a woman who works for two husbands. Even if fu can die, how can she be cynical?' Zi Chu killed Cai Hou, who was in the same interest, so he cut Cai. ".In the face of doubt, Ji should be tactful and considerate, so it can be roughly inferred that Ji was so forbearing when Cai was teased and was afraid.
There may be two reasons for her scruples: one is Hou's reputation, and the other is her national strength. Yu Zi, the ancestor of the Western Hou Dynasty, is said to be the 37th son of King Wen. I don't know whether it was because of his concubines or because he didn't have an inch of meritorious military service, but was sealed in a resting place far from the Central Plains. Cai Hou's ancestors were different. Cai Shu is the mother and brother of King Wu. According to "Historical Records of Guan Cai's Family", "King Wu has ten mothers and ten brothers. Mother Yue Tai Si, Wang Wen and Zheng Fei also. His eldest son was called Boyikao, followed by Wu, Xian, Cai Shudu, Cao Duo, Cheng, Huo Shuchu, Kang Shufeng and Zhuo Jizhai. ..... Ten people with mother Kundi, Wei Fa and Dan Xian, assisted Wen Wang, so Wen Wang gave up Boyi exam and took Fa as a prince. King Wen collapsed and stood for. The "Bo Art Test" has long since died. " First of all, King Wu sealed Cai Shu in Shangcai and Guan Shu in Zhengzhou to help Shang Zhouwang's son Wu Genglu govern Yin Min. Uncle Dan was sealed in the state of Lu, known as Duke Zhou in history. But after the death of King Wu, his son was too young to be king, and Zhou Gongdan was the regent. Guan Cai thought that the Duke of Zhou wanted to compete for the world, so they plotted to rebel. After being defeated by the Duke of Zhou, Guan Shu was killed and Cai Shu was exiled. "Ten times in the same car, seventy people follow." This is also the wise move of Duke Zhou. Rebellion is beheaded, but because he is the regent, if two people kill together, it will give people the suspicion of killing, and of course it will not serve as a warning to save lives. After Cai Shu's death, his son Hu Qinqin kept the house, and the Duke of Zhou quickly suggested that he should be an official in Lu. As a result, Lu was sealed for half a year, so he named Hu Shangcai for sacrifice. Cai Zhong died, and his son Cai Bo was lonely. Cai Bo died suddenly, and his uterus stopped beating. Palace Hou died, and Zi Li. Hou Li died and Woods died. Wuhou died, and Ziyi Hou Li died. When Hou Yi died, Gigi Lai did what he had to do. Dead, son * * * Hou. * * * died in two years, and his son wore it. Dai Hou died ten years ago and was wrong with Hou. Thirty-five years, Xuan Hou died, and Huan Zi was appointed as Hou. Twenty years later, when Huan Hou died, his brother lost the dance of Hou Xian.
In this way, it has been passed down for ten generations and spread to Cai Aihou.
Ranked third is the famous dancer Cai Aihou, who was in the state of Chen when Huan Gong was in power. In 694 BC, Cai Huanhou died. According to Han Feizi, he died because he didn't follow the advice of a good doctor, Bian Que. At that time, the reputation of offering dance in Cai folk was very high, so it was sent back and made a monarch. This year, Lu Huangong also died, and the cause of death is even more unknown. In spring, he met Qi Xianggong near Jinan, and then took his wife Wen Jiang to the capital of Qi. Wen Jiang is Qi Xianggong's sister, so this trip is probably in the name of mothering. But I didn't expect their brother and sister to commit adultery for a long time, which happened to be discovered by Lv Hou this time. On April 10, Qi Xianggong invited Huan Gong to drink, and then asked his son Peng Sheng to send him back. Huan Gong died in the car. At that time, both Qi Qiang and Lu Wei were weak, and the people of Lu did not have sufficient evidence. They just want to kill their son Peng Sheng. In the second year, Duke Zhuang of Lu ascended the throne, and his mother Wen Jiang simply stayed in Qi State and never came back. Zhuang Gong broke off the mother-child relationship with her.
Four years later, Chu Wuwang, the overlord of Jianghan, died on the road of conquering the country, but the accompanying Lingyin quarrelling kept it a secret until he signed a contract with the country and returned to Chu to announce the death of King Wu. His son, King Wen, ascended the throne the following year, that is, in 689 BC.
We know little about the news of interested countries. The Spring and Autumn Annals is an account of Lu historians. It mostly writes about wars, and its targets are mainly big countries, and its geographical area is limited to the Central Plains. Only in 7 12 BC did the war with Zheng be recorded. When Hou and Zheng Bo disagreed, Hou led troops to crusade against Zheng and was defeated by wolves at the border of Zheng. Many people laugh at Xihou for this reason, saying that from this point we know Xihou is going to die, because Xihou, as the king of a country, doesn't measure moral integrity, doesn't assess the situation, can't get along well with his relatives, and can't tell right from wrong, but wants to threaten other countries by force. bring disgrace to oneself deserves it!
Zheng He is a country with the surname of Ji, but Zheng is in the Central Plains, with strong national strength and close ties with princes. Xi is located in Dabie Mountain, on the bank of Huaihe River, an ancient land, surrounded by small countries such as Luo, Huang, Jiang, Britain, Deng, Sui and Shen, while Cai is stronger and thinks that she is surnamed Ji, so she is closer. However, this time he didn't send troops to help Zheng, which shows that he is also an acquaintance. Perhaps, at that time, Cai Hou did not recognize Xihou's act of maintaining dignity? But in any case, the failure of this battle left a huge shadow in the hearts of others. In the following decades, no war was worth a historian's book.
A tree may wish to calm down, but the wind will not stop. Since taking office, Chu, a neighboring country in the south, has actively pursued the policy of military expansion and annexed many small countries in Jianghan area, and its national strength and territory are only equal to that of Qi at that time. At this time, I also want to violate the ban of the Zhou Emperor and intervene in the disputes in the Central Plains. The communication between Guo and Chu cannot be verified. But in addition to geographical reasons, language barriers are also a very important reason. In fact, Chu's society is still relatively progressive, which is reflected in casting and farming techniques, and is comparable to Qin's. But their culture is quite backward, probably because they have always been regarded as barbarians and do not marry the Central Plains. Their costumes and language are often teased by people in the Central Plains.
Chen Guo's national strength should be between Lu Wei and Lu Wei, and it belongs to a second-rate country, but Chen Guo is a place where beautiful women come forth in large numbers, so he married many princes. At that time, Queen Zhou Wang was the princess of Chen Guo. Relying on this demand for internal relations is also a frequent alliance and frequent interference in other countries' internal affairs. Therefore, when Hou comes to apply for a job, it is natural to marry Gui.
Gui was a famous beauty in the Spring and Autumn Period. At that time, Guo He was a friendly neighbor, and their heads of state, Cai Hou and Hou, respectively married Chen's beautiful sisters. One year, Mrs. Hou went back to Chen's house to visit relatives and passed by to visit her sister. This was an accidental decision in line with human nature, which had a profound and tragic impact on Ji, Guo and even the situation at home and abroad at that time.
3 folk editor
Version 1
Chen's ancestors were descendants of Shun, who lived in Guishui and later took this as their surname. After the demise of Shang Dynasty, King Wen was sealed in Wuyang, Henan. Gui should be princess Chen, nameless and speechless. She was called Xi Gui after she got married. This is the etiquette in the Spring and Autumn Period. The story about Gui is rich, but there are also many things to be verified. For example, she is as beautiful as a flower: "her eyes are like autumn water, her face is like peach blossom, her hair is moderately trimmed and her manners are ecological", but I don't know what book she is reading. There used to be a poem: "Mrs. Peach Blossom is so beautiful that clouds fly out in the middle of the month. The new gratitude is still grateful, and the whole city will be dumped again.
Future generations' imagination of her beauty mostly comes from two historical facts: First, Hou and King Wen of Chu fought fiercely for her, which eventually led to the demise of the country. Second, after the death of King Wen, his brother Dou Yuanjiantai sang and danced outside her bedroom, flirting day and night, and finally died because of her fall from grace. You can see two things in Zuo Zhuan. Most of the later generations regarded him as blind, and everything they did was false, especially the county annals written by an old friend of Guo, which said that after Gui was plundered, he remained silent for three years. Finally, he took the opportunity of hunting in the wild to have a private meeting with Hou, and both of them were double suicide. Later generations planted peach blossoms in the place where he died, and built the Lady Peach Blossom Temple to commemorate her. This statement originated from the folklore of Huangpi and Hanyang in Wuhan.
Version 2
The wife of the abdicated monarch in the Spring and Autumn Period was born in a family named Gui in Chen State (now Huaiyang County, Henan Province), also known as Gui. In the thirteenth year of King Zhouzhuang (684 BC), he was married and passed by. Cai Hou danced and welcomed guests into the palace because he and his wife were sisters. When entertaining guests, Cai Hou acted frivolous, stopped Hou Wen's great anger and designed revenge. Send messengers to Chu to encourage King Wen of Chu to send troops to attack An, and then ask Cai for help to induce him to send troops. In September, Chu Bing defeated Cai in Shendi (now runan county) and captured Cai Hou. Cai Hou also designed a revenge Hou to praise the beauty of the king of Chu. The king of Chu came to Ann, gave a banquet to thank Hou, and took the opportunity to take Gui away as his wife. Gui entered Chu for three years and gave birth to two sons, namely Du Ao and Wang Cheng. But can't talk. When the King of Chu asked her why, she replied, "I am a woman who serves two husbands. Even if I cannot die, what can I say? " The king of Chu said, "This is all the fault of Cai Hou. I should avenge my wife. " So he rose up and attacked Cai. After the death of King Wen, Yin Ziyuan had ulterior motives. In the 28th year of Duke Zhuang of Lu (666 BC), he built a new museum next to his wife's palace, singing, dancing and playing music every day. Mrs. Xi cried and said, "The songs and dances of the late king were used to exercise combat readiness and conquer princes. Isn't it strange that today's Lingyin is not for enemies, but for widows (widows call themselves)? " Shi Min told his son what Mrs. Yuan said. Ziyuan said, "Madam doesn't forget her enemies. I forgot. " That autumn, he led 600 chariots to attack the state of Zheng, and the result was nothing. Instead, he lied about his political achievements and lived in the palace to seduce his wife. In the thirty years of Duke Zhuang of Lu (664 BC), the archer Dou Lian dissuaded him, but Zi Yuan did not listen, but arrested him. Mrs. Xi sent her entourage to secretly play the king of Chu. In autumn, Shen Gong's combat squad killed Ziyuan, and Yu Tu, the hub of Dou, succeeded Ziyuan as Lingyin, thus alleviating the danger of Chu.
King Chu, in fact, refers to King Chu Wen, King Chu Wen (? -675 BC), formerly known as Xiong Zi, son of Chu Wuwang. Moved the capital from Danyang to Ying (now northwest of Jiangling City, Hubei Province), and built the city by "plate building method". Inheriting my father's legacy, strengthening the country by force and destroying countries such as Deng, Shen and Wei Xiao greatly expanded the territory of Chu. In the sixth year of King Wen of Chu (684 BC), Chu sent troops to attack Cai, defeated Cai Yuxin and captured him. Cai Aihou praised King Chu Wen as the most beautiful person in the world. So King Wen went to Ann and was received by Hou, but he took the opportunity to destroy Ann and occupy it. Gui gave birth to Xiong Nan and Yun Xiong.