computer class
What do you study in computer science?
Computer major includes seven or eight majors such as computer science and technology, software engineering, network engineering and information security. Among them, the most core and basic major is computer science and technology, and it is also the main major of computer department enrollment in colleges and universities (and many colleges and universities enroll students according to computer categories).
The core courses of computer major include circuit principle, analog electronic technology, digital logic, digital analysis, computer principle, microcomputer technology, computer architecture, computer network, high-level language, assembly language, data structure and so on.
Analysis of employment prospects:
Computer science is widely used, with strong cross-cutting, covering all walks of life, which determines a very wide range of employment fields.
In IT enterprises, the main employment positions of graduates of this major are management, such as project manager, software architect and hardware architect. R&D category: software engineer, hardware engineer, system developer, etc. Test category: software test engineer, hardware test engineer, system test engineer, etc. Service sales category: marketing, pre-sales service, after-sales service, marketing promotion, etc. In recent years, software development centers, data centers and other units have attracted many computer graduates, who are mainly engaged in the development and maintenance of data systems, data statistics and management in enterprises and institutions.
In non-IT enterprises such as government and scientific research institutions, software and hardware equipment, network security, system maintenance and website development are also inseparable from computer professionals.
Graduates majoring in computer science in normal universities can teach computer courses in primary schools, middle schools and other units.
In recent years, the combination of computer and art has produced many new majors, such as computer art design, web design, film and television animation design, environmental art design, digital media and so on. After graduation, these students can work in design departments, advertising companies, decoration companies, network companies, software companies, animation companies, enterprises and advertising departments in art design planning and production, computer painting, animation production, web design and so on.
Introduction to the professional characteristics of colleges and universities;
At present, almost all colleges and universities in China have set up computer majors, and the training characteristics and advantages of each college are quite different. Some focus on software, some focus on hardware, some focus on computer networks, and some have characteristics in information security. The choice of direction may directly affect future employment.
The overall strength of computer science and technology specialty in Tsinghua University is very strong, and the Three Kingdoms focus on two disciplines: computer system structure, computer software and theory, and computer application technology. Undergraduate enrollment and training are unified in accordance with computer science and technology (national key first-class discipline).
Peking University Computer Science and Technology belongs to the Institute of Information Science and Technology, and its overall strength in computer software and theory and computer application technology ranks among the top in China.
Jilin University has obvious advantages in software, with automation, software reuse technology, artificial intelligence, expert system, computer algebra, theorem proving and automatic reasoning, distributed reasoning and distributed system at the leading level in China.
Computer software and theory of Nanjing University is a national key discipline.
Based on computer science and engineering, the School of Computer Science of Beihang University has formed research directions with advantages and characteristics, such as collaborative work environment, new Internet architecture, parallel and network computing technology, virtual reality and multimedia technology, and information security technology.
The computer science and technology specialty of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications is characterized by the combination of computer and communication, focusing on cultivating senior computer engineering and technical personnel with profound communication background, focusing on the development and application of data communication, computer network, software and hardware.
The software of Wuhan University, especially multimedia software, has achieved good results and developed a large number of multimedia software.
Southeast University, led by computer network and database technology, has made remarkable achievements in computer network and its application, database and information system, artificial intelligence and its application, modern integrated manufacturing system (CIMS) and other fields.
Computer application technology of Northwestern Polytechnical University is a national key discipline with strong computer architecture and computer network direction.
Computer professional ranking:
Mechanical design, manufacturing and automation specialty
What is mechanical design, manufacturing and automation?
Mechanical design, manufacturing and automation is a member of the mechanical category in engineering. It is not difficult to see from the name that this major includes three parts: mechanical design, mechanical manufacturing and mechanical automation, which are called mechanical design, machinery and electromechanical respectively in the industry. In other words, it is based on the design, processing and manufacturing of mechanical structure, and it integrates the interdisciplinary subjects of automatic control technology, information technology and computer science and technology.
What is the difference between mechanical engineering and mechanical engineering?
From the understanding of the text, mechanical engineering is more extensive, including mechanical design, mechanical manufacturing and many other contents. It can be said that mechanical design, manufacturing and automation are all part of mechanical engineering, and the scope of mechanical engineering is wider, but there is little difference between them. Insiders also said that there is no essential difference between the two majors. It is called mechanical engineering only because some colleges and universities set up this major earlier, with profound industry background and wide professional direction, and will train talents according to their own advantages.
What does this major study?
In addition to basic courses such as advanced mathematics, college physics and foreign languages, this major mainly studies theoretical mechanics, material mechanics, engineering drawing, engineering materials and forming technology, mechanical principles, mechanical design, electrical and electronic engineering, electromechanical integration system design, numerical control technology and numerical control machine tools.
Employment prospects:
Graduates of this major have many fields of employment, mainly in three employment directions:
1. Mechanical engineers and technicians. On-site technical support personnel who can be engaged in mechanical maintenance, maintenance and management in the first line of industrial production. This kind of work requires certain technical content and practical experience.
2. design R&D personnel. Responsible for the design, development and production of new products, and engaged in the installation, debugging, improvement and drawing of mechanical parts of new products (parts). This kind of work requires higher requirements for graduates, and the general starting point is graduation from a famous university or master's degree.
3. Sales staff of mechanical products. Be able to engage in sales and customer service of mechanical products in related industries. Mechanical graduates have technical knowledge of relevant mechanical majors and will have more advantages in sales.
Introduction to the professional characteristics of colleges and universities;
At present, there are more than 480 national enrollment institutions for this major, enrolling students according to batches of undergraduate courses. The training direction of colleges and universities will also be focused on according to their own background.
For example, the undergraduate major of mechanical design, manufacturing and automation in Shenyang University of Aeronautics and Astronautics is divided into three directions: mechanical manufacturing, mechanical design and numerical control.
The major of mechanical design, manufacturing and automation in Beijing Institute of Materials mainly focuses on the direction of logistics equipment engineering, and trains senior engineering and technical personnel in the planning, design and management of logistics equipment from various aspects.
Candidates can refer to the background of colleges and universities, the enrollment regulations and professional settings of each school, and choose the future development direction according to the key points of colleges and universities.
In addition, the academic burden of engineering is relatively heavy, especially for mechanical majors, and the future work is also relatively hard. Candidates who want to apply for this major should be psychologically prepared.
Professional ranking:
civil engineering
What is civil engineering?
According to the training emphasis, civil engineering has different directions, such as construction engineering, underground engineering, bridge engineering, road engineering, traffic engineering, municipal engineering and so on. Civil engineering is the foundation of national construction, which is closely related to people's housing and transportation.
In the study of civil engineering, students need to study, design and build industrial and civil buildings, tunnels and underground buildings, highways and urban road bridges by using basic scientific knowledge such as mathematics, physics, chemistry and computer information science, technical scientific knowledge such as mechanics and materials, and corresponding engineering technical knowledge.
Employment prospects:
Civil engineering professionals are all over all fronts of national economic construction. It can be said that without civil engineering, there would be no basic conditions for our daily life. The house you live in, the subway you take, the venues you go to and the leisure places you enjoy are all closely related to civil engineering.
The employment situation over the years shows that the employment of students majoring in civil engineering rarely deviates from this major, and it is one of the majors with the highest employment rate.
Generally speaking, the main employment directions of civil engineering majors are engineering technology, design, planning and budget, quality supervision and engineering supervision, civil servants, teaching and scientific research. The industries involved are construction, real estate development, road and bridge construction, engineering survey and design units, government departments in transportation or municipal engineering, engineering cost consulting institutions, scientific research institutes and so on.
Introduction to college features:
When it comes to civil engineering, we can't help mentioning the "Old Eight Schools of Architecture", including Tsinghua University, Southeast University, Tongji University, Tianjin University, South China University of Technology, Harbin Jianzhu University (merged into Harbin Institute of Technology), chongqing jianzhu university (merged into Chongqing University) and Xi 'an Institute of Metallurgy and Architecture (renamed as Xi University of Architecture and Technology, formerly known as the Department of Architecture of Northeastern University). Civil engineering and related majors in these eight schools are recognized as A-level by the society, among which civil engineering in Tsinghua University, Harbin Institute of Technology, Tongji University and Zhejiang University is the national first-class key discipline. In addition to these long-established civil engineering schools, there are nearly 500 colleges and universities in China offering civil engineering majors, each with its own strengths.
The following are the civil engineering majors of Tsinghua University and Tongji University.
Since 1998, the Department of Civil Engineering of Tsinghua University has implemented the overall training plan for undergraduate and postgraduate students, and about 60% of undergraduates with excellent grades can directly study for master's or doctoral degrees without examination.
The Department of Civil Engineering of Tsinghua University is highly internationalized. In the global ranking of OS disciplines, the global ranking of Civil Engineering Department is 15, which is the highest among all engineering departments in Tsinghua University. Because of this, Tsinghua University civil engineering graduates have been in short supply, and the supply-demand ratio is greater than 1: 10, which is one of the most popular engineering majors for employers.
Unlike Tsinghua University, where the major of civil engineering is architecture and water conservancy, Tongji University focuses on architecture and bridges. Tongji University School of Civil Engineering is one of the colleges with the strongest teaching and scientific research strength among similar majors in China. At present, there are five departments: Department of Architectural Engineering, Department of Underground Architecture and Engineering, Department of Bridge Engineering, Institute of Structural Engineering and Disaster Prevention, Department of Hydraulic Engineering, and State Key Laboratory of Civil Engineering Disaster Prevention.
Application skills:
The main courses of civil engineering specialty include theoretical mechanics, structural mechanics, soil mechanics, reinforced concrete, architectural architecture, steel structure, long-span structural design and so on. Candidates can see that this major solves the problems in architectural design and construction through the principles and methods of mechanics. If you have a headache at the sight of physics books, it is not suitable for this major.
Civil engineering also requires students to have a high sense of responsibility and enough patience.
Professional ranking:
communication engineering
What is communication engineering?
Communication engineering is an important branch of electronic engineering and one of the basic disciplines. This subject focuses on the principle and application of information transmission and signal processing in communication, and uses various engineering methods to deal with some practical problems in communication.
Communication engineering. What?
The communication industry covers a wide range of fields, which can be said to span the electronics and computer industries. Of course, its knowledge is relatively complex, mainly covering three disciplines: communication engineering, electronic science and technology, computer science and technology. For example, the basics of information theory, computer networks and so on. Belonging to the computer category; Circuit principle, signal processing, etc. Belonging to the electronic category; Communication principle belongs to the basic course of communication specialty.
Communication engineering majors mainly study signal generation, information transmission, exchange and processing, as well as theoretical and engineering applications in computer communication, optical fiber communication, wireless communication, exchange and communication networks, and train talents engaged in communication engineering and electronic information technology.