Zhengzhou Yellow River Railway Bridge has two bridges, old and new. 1987 Zhengzhou "Yellow River First Railway Bridge" completed its historical mission. The old bridge, formerly known as Zhengzhou Yellow River Bridge on Pinghan Railway, is the first railway bridge built on the Yellow River. It was built in September of 1903 (29th year of Guangxu reign of Qing dynasty) and opened to traffic in April of 1906, with a total length of 30 18.
From the completion of 1960 in April to its retirement in May 20 16, this 54-year-old bridge across the Yellow River will be retired from the historical stage, and the important task of connecting the Yellow River will be handed over to the newly-built Zhengjiao Intercity Railway Yellow River Bridge.
bridgework
Old bridge structure
Zhengzhou Yellow River Railway Bridge is 30 15 meters long, which was the longest bridge before the founding of the People's Republic of China. When the old bridge was completed, there were 102 holes, and 50 semi-penetrating steel truss beams with a span of 3 1.5m in the deep groove, of which 26 holes were located at the northern end, 24 holes were located at the southern end, and 52 through steel plate beams with a span of 2 1.5m were located in the middle beach. The bridge foundation is made of cast steel pipe piles with an inner diameter of 30cm and an outer diameter of 35cm, and the lower end is a spiral wing with a diameter of 120cm. However, due to shallow burial, the pier is seriously eroded, and the traffic is barely maintained by throwing a lot of flaky protection. This bridge was also damaged repeatedly in the war, and the bridge opening 1 located at the north and south ends of the bridge was filled in during the repair. So today's old bridge has only 100 bridge holes, and the total length of the bridge is 2951m. After the new bridge was completed and opened to traffic, the old bridge was put on hold. In June 1969, 10, reinforced concrete slabs were added to the deck of the old bridge, which can be put in one direction at regular intervals to facilitate the passage of expressways.
Xinqiao structure
The newly-built Zhengzhou Yellow River Railway Bridge is a double-track railway bridge, located at the downstream of the old bridge, 500 meters and 375 meters away from both ends of the old bridge respectively. Construction started on May 1958 and was completed and opened to traffic on April 20th 1960. The total length of the new bridge is 2889.8 meters, divided into 7 1 span, and each span is 40 meters long. Double track * * * uses 142 hole to support steel plate beam, and cantilever bridge erecting machine lifts the whole hole from both sides. Both the pier and the foundation adopt two reinforced concrete pipe columns with a diameter of 3.6m, and the buried depth is about 30m. The pier and abutment are directly built on the pipe column, and the top is connected with a cross beam to form a portal rigid frame. The total weight of steel beams of the whole bridge is12,943 tons, and the concrete consumption is 60,730 cubic meters.
The original 16 hole steel beam at the southern end of the new Zhengzhou Yellow River Railway Bridge is located on a slope of 2.5‰, and the rest are flat slopes. After operation, it was found that the river bed was silted and the water surface was rising year by year. In order to improve the clearance under the bridge, the ramp steel beam is leveled at 1976. In addition, in order to reduce the influence of coastal circulation erosion on the pier at the northern end of the bridge, reinforced concrete bored piles with diameters of 1.0m are added at 1978 and 1979 at 60m upstream and 100m at the northern end of the bridge, which are used for energy dissipation and water potential relief.
Protection of riprap bridge
Pushed by the riprap, a cage of stones bound with iron wire fell into the Yellow River from a fixed or movable trolley with iron frame, rolled down in front of the pier, and suddenly a water column several meters high splashed on the water surface, which was called "riprap". I will never see this scene again.
At the beginning of the construction of Zhengzhou Yellow River Bridge on Beijing-Guangzhou Railway, due to the limitation of bridge construction technology and geographical conditions at that time, the pier was only 30 meters deep and the foundation was shallow. Every year in flood season, riverbed erosion affects bridge safety. The Yellow River Bridge Workshop in Zhengzhou Bridge Section of Zhengzhou Railway Bureau, which is responsible for bridge maintenance, will start riprap of the Yellow River Railway Bridge in flood season, which has a history of 23 years as of last year.
Bridge history
There are two Yellow River bridges, old and new, in Zhengzhou. The old bridge is a single-track railway bridge, which was started in September 1903, completed in June15 (the 31st year of Guangxu reign in Qing dynasty) and opened to traffic in April/906. This is the first railway bridge built on the Yellow River. This bridge was built by an engineering company in Belgium.
At that time, after the bridge site was selected, the Qing government hired engineers from Germany, the United States and Italy to conduct on-site survey, but it was ultimately a Belgian engineering company. It may be because of the lack of geological survey along the Yellow River, or because of the bridge construction technology at that time, the Belgian company built the pier in the mud instead of the rock layer, which led to the instability of the bridge and buried future troubles.
Anyway, more than 100 years ago, in terms of construction technology at that time, this bridge was in a prominent position in history and was called "the mother of railway bridges in China". It is the first steel railway bridge across the Yellow River in China and the longest bridge before the founding of New China. 1952 10 3 1, when Mao Zedong inspected the Yellow River, he climbed the head of Mangshan overlooking the Yellow River Bridge and issued a call to "do a good job in the Yellow River".
After the founding of New China, in February 1954, the construction of Yellow River Railway Bridge was put on the agenda again, and the design began. 1957 was included in the 12th Five-Year Plan and was completed and opened to traffic in April. Zhengzhou Yellow River Bridge on Beijing-Guangzhou Railway started on May 1958, and was completed and opened to traffic on April 20th 1960, with a total length of 2,889.8 meters. The top speed designed at that time was 80 kilometers per hour. Standing on the Yellow River Bridge, you can see a train passing by every three or four minutes. The horn sounded like a simple melody. There are 240 trains every day, and thousands of passengers pass by here from distant places and are sent to distant places. As a result, Zhengzhou has become the "China Railway Heart" and "China Traffic Crossroads", and its economy has developed rapidly.
Despite its prominent position, wars and disasters have never let it go easily. Years of turmoil and war have aggravated its decline. 1In July, 958, the flood peak occurred in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, and the Yellow River railway bridge was overwhelmed and suffered heavy losses, which led to the interruption of the Beijing-Guangzhou line. On July 28th and August 5th of that year, Zhou Enlai visited the Yellow River Bridge twice to inspect the flood control work. However, this scarred bridge was later identified as "no longer suitable for trains" and was transformed into a one-way bridge. Also in this year, just about 500 meters away from the old bridge, the new Beijing-Guangzhou Railway Yellow River Bridge is springing up.
From 1948 to 1950 in May, the speed limit was increased to15km. Although the old bridge has been strengthened and rebuilt five times since the founding of New China, it is far from meeting the needs of transportation. The wheel of history is rolling forward. The old bridges with holes 1.987 and 1.02 left only five piers as cultural relics on the original site. Zhengzhou "The First Railway Bridge of the Yellow River" has finally completed its historical mission.
201April 16, Zhengzhou Yellow River Bridge on Beijing-Guangzhou Railway will also be retired. The back waves of the Yangtze River push the front waves, and the new people are replaced by the old ones. 1960, the old bridge retreated to the second line and the new bridge landed. Zhengzhou Yellow River Bridge on Beijing-Guangzhou Railway has taken over the burden of the old bridge and shouldered the heavy responsibility of turning the Yellow River into a thoroughfare.
Chengtie bridge
After the retirement of Zhengzhou Yellow River Bridge on Beijing-Guangzhou Railway, Zhengjiao Intercity Yellow River Bridge, which is located more than 0/00 meters downstream, will continue to take over the burden of connecting Beijing-Guangzhou Railway.
The newly-built Zhengjiao Intercity Yellow River Bridge is a four-lane railway bridge between Zhengjiao Intercity Railway and Beijing-Guangzhou Railway across the Yellow River. Zhengjiao Intercity Line of the Bridge is 9.63 kilometers long and designed at a speed of 250 kilometers per hour. The total length of Beijing-Guangzhou line 1 1.28 km, design speed 160 km/h, 20 10 65438+ 10/5, construction started, 20/kloc-
On the Yellow River Bridge of Zhengjiao Intercity Railway, there are two lines reserved for Zhengjiao Intercity Railway. The total length of Zhengzhou-Jiaocheng intercity railway is about 78 kilometers, the newly-built line is about 68 kilometers, and the design speed is 250 kilometers per hour. By then, the travel time from Zhengzhou to Jiaozuo will only take more than half an hour.
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