Construction project management often has the characteristics of wide coverage, heavy workload, strong constraint and large information flow, which is complex and frequent. The traditional project management mode obviously restricts the survival and sustainable development of construction enterprises in the fierce competition environment of market economy in terms of speed, reliability and economic feasibility. Therefore, in recent years, some powerful construction units have taken the lead in applying advanced computer technology to assist project participants in some project management work. This information management of construction projects not only means using computers in the internal management process of construction projects, but also has broader and deeper connotations. First of all, based on the possibility provided by information technology, it efficiently collects, processes, transmits and enjoys all the information that needs to be processed in the management process, reduces the duplication of information processing between departments, and provides a reliable basis for project management services and project decision-making; Secondly, make the control of supervision and inspection and information feedback more timely and effective. According to the planning experience of existing projects, make the planning work represented by production plan and material plan more advanced and reasonable, make the organization of construction activities and project management activities more scientific, correctly guide the development of project management activities and improve the automation level of construction management.
The information management of construction projects is completely feasible.
Information technology mainly refers to computer technology, communication technology and network technology formed by the combination of them. The rapid development of information technology ensures the feasibility of information management of construction projects from three aspects: economy, technology and engineering application.
First, the economic performance-price ratio of information equipment has been greatly improved, making it possible to popularize and apply it in construction project management. At the current market price, configure 10 computers with good performance for a project team and set up a local area network, which can be completed with an investment of less than 200 thousand yuan; The popularization of information technology and the comprehensive utilization of information resources save more than 200,000 yuan in materials and management costs than a slightly larger project. Moreover, this one-time investment can bring many years of information resources utilization and cost savings of hundreds of projects to the construction unit.
Second, the application of technical information technology enables construction engineering information to be stored in large quantities, processed efficiently and transmitted at high speed on the basis of electronic media, so that all project participants can enjoy information and work together conveniently through the network, thus comprehensively utilizing information resources more effectively, promoting the improvement of engineering technology and management level, and making it possible to fundamentally change the situation of low-tech content in the construction field.
3. Engineering application is the comprehensive application of modern high-tech such as information technology represented by CIMS (Computer Integrated Manufacturing System) in manufacturing industry, which has brought obvious economic and social benefits to more than 200 enterprises in more than 20 provinces and cities and 10 industries. Secondly, in the field of building construction, represented by some large enterprises with strong technical force, computer-aided construction and comprehensive utilization of information technology have made great progress. For example, in the construction of Shanghai Jinmao Building, the computer is used to monitor the concrete temperature and water flow to monitor the construction of mass foundation concrete, so as to avoid cracks caused by excessive temperature. Use computer to monitor elevation at multiple points to guide the upgrading of steel formwork system and avoid vertical deviation of formwork as much as possible. The successful application of these information technologies in engineering proves that the information management of construction projects will have broad development prospects.
Information management system needs scientific development.
In China, the development of construction project information management system is still in the primary development stage. First of all, a number of private high-tech companies have successively launched networked management information platforms, such as mr2000 of Beijing Menglong Company and Project Management 2000 of Dalian Tongzhou Company. Secondly, some construction enterprises with strong technical force independently developed practical management software suitable for project level and enterprise level, such as the construction project management information system of China Construction No.1 Bureau and No.4 Company and the construction enterprise information management system of China Construction No.5 Bureau and No.3 Company. Finally, the information management of construction projects has attracted the attention of some domestic experts and scholars, and related research work is gradually being carried out in some universities with technical and economic strength, such as the Department of Civil Engineering of Tsinghua University and the Department of Civil Engineering of Shanghai Jiaotong University.
Although these efforts have changed the situation that the computer application in the construction field lags far behind the design field, and the management level and economic benefit of the construction project have indeed been obviously improved, the automation, integration and systematization of the system are still lagging behind. Therefore, it is necessary to scientifically develop the information management system of construction projects, so that information technology can serve the construction production more effectively.
First of all, do a good job in preparation, including in-depth literature research, investigation of existing information management systems and analysis of their advantages and disadvantages.
Secondly, on the basis of in-depth field investigation and these preparatory work, a multi-level and multi-directional information model suitable for the development of building construction information management system is systematically established by using scientific system analysis methods.
Thirdly, the information model based on system analysis is designed comprehensively. The main contents of system design are system configuration design, system overall design, database design and input and output design. Fourthly, through specific programming and testing, a comprehensive information management system of construction engineering is developed by applying certain development strategies, and the value and significance of the development of this information management system are illustrated by preliminary engineering application.
The information management of construction projects is of great significance.
Practice shows that the convenience provided by information technology can reduce the daily management burden of project participants. For example, it provides complete and accurate historical information for all project participants, facilitates browsing and supports pasting and copying these information on computers, greatly improves the efficiency of project management with different parts but basically the same content, and reduces a lot of repeated copying work under the traditional management mode.
Information management can provide a good cooperation mechanism for all project participants. For example, in the information sharing environment, some routine information notifications are automatically completed, which reduces the number of manual information exchanges between project participants and ensures that information transmission becomes fast, timely and smooth. At the same time, it meets the needs of rapid increase of information in construction project management, allows real-time collection of daily information data of various project management activities, and provides timely and convenient supervision and inspection for all management links, and implements standardized management, thus promoting the improvement of project management quality.
Moreover, all information of housing construction projects is stored in a systematic and structured way, which is convenient for post-construction analysis and data reuse. Therefore, the implementation of information management of construction projects can effectively use limited resources, consume costs as little as possible and as quickly as possible, ensure excellent project quality, and obtain the maximum social and economic benefits of the project.
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