Politeness: address your family-my parents (the deceased called me mom and dad), my brother/elder sister/younger sister, my son, my daughter, my humble Jing/wife; Call yourself-next, incompetent, someone, boy, student, etc. How do you call yourself-humble, humble, humble/humble, etc.
2. There are three appellations in classical Chinese: self-styled, self-styled, vulgar self-styled, intimate and respectful. There are three kinds of direct names: self-styled names, people who are used for introduction or biography, and people who don't like and despise them.
The ancients named it "Cheng Zi" when they were young, and took the word (male 20 years old, female 15 years old) when they came of age. There is a meaningful connection between words and names. Chinese characters are for the convenience of others, courtesy and respect for peers or elders.
Book names are also called alias numbers and table numbers. The fundamental difference between a name, a character and a number is that the former is decided by the father or elder, while the latter is decided by himself.
Number, generally only used to claim to express some interest or express some emotion; The address of a person is also a kind of honorific title. In ancient posthumous title, after the death of princes, senior officials and famous scribes, they were called posthumous title.
Calling a vegetarian name means calling it by a vegetarian name or room number. For example, Yang Wanli, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, was named Cheng Zhai, and people called him Yang Chengzhai. For example, Meng Haoran, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, was from Xiangyang, so he was called Meng Xiangyang. Zhang Jiuling is a native of Qujiang, so he called Zhang Qujiang the king of the county. Although Han Yu was from Heyang, Hanoi (now Meng County, Henan Province), Han Yu often called himself "Changli Han Yu", because the Han family in Changli (now Yixian, Liaoning Province) was a prominent family in the Tang Dynasty, so the world called him Han Changli.
It is called "Sun Qiulu is smart and kind", and "Sun Qiulu" is Sun Quan, so it is called because he was once awarded the position of General Qiu Lu. The title of "training frugality to show health" is "the luxury crown in recent years", the title of Kou Zhun is Lai Guogong, and Lai Gong is a provincial title.
Official land refers to the place name of official land. They are also known as "four masters of Lu, dear, father of Changle King, dear father and pure father of Anshang". The first two people are also called places of origin, names and figures, while the last two people write their relationship with the author first, and then call themselves names and figures modestly to show their modesty. They are used to calling themselves honorifics to show their respect and polite attitude, also called honorifics.
Nicknames indicate contempt and scolding. For example, "Jing Ke stabbed the king of Qin", "Those who go forward today cannot turn back", and so on.
"Self-recommendation", "Tian Lei, little vertical ear". "Hongmen Banquet" "Seek for the lack of vertical axis!" Peacock flies southeast "Boys are fearless and dare to help women!" Address each other: your father-address each other's father respectfully; ? Your daughter-address each other's daughter respectfully; ? Your mother-call each other's mother; Kinship-address each other's relatives; ? Your son-call each other's son; ? Ling Gaozu-a student who respects each other.
The wife and father are called-father-in-law, father-in-law, Taishan. ? Other people's surnames-your home, your home.
Father's death name-my father, strictness first, examination first. ? Mother dies-mother first, kindness first, son first.
Peer death-dead brother, brother, sister and wife. ? Call yourself: my father-humility, call yourself the father of others; My mother-self-effacing, calling herself her mother; My brother-humility, calling himself his brother; ? My family calls me my humble abode.
Honorable title: also known as honorific title, it is a title to show respect to the other party. According to different objects, there are many names.
When addressing the emperor, there are generally "Your Majesty, King, King, King, Son of Heaven, Wancheng, Lord, Lord, Head of State, Ascension to Heaven" and so on. For the average person, there are "public, monarch, first step, son, monarch, Lord, father-in-law, your Excellency, elders, platform, Confucianism, adults, brothers" and so on. As for the ancient father of the other party, call you dad, your dad, your adult.
Call your mother and Taijun to each other's mother, call Zheng Ling to each other's wife, call Taishan and C Weng to each other's wife and father, call Kun Zhong, Kun Yu and Ling Xiong (younger brother) to each other's brother, and call your son, your son, your little husband, your son, your daughter, your daughter, your love and so on. Because they are more common in spoken language. References:
Baidu encyclopedia-honorific entry.
3. What do you call me in ancient Chinese? Me, Yu, Yu, me and loneliness.
I. Wu
I am a Chinese character, with wú pronunciation, up-and-down structure, and my mouth is on the side. Take the fifth entrance. Fifth, it refers to Jin Mu's five elements of fire, water and soil; Oral refers to life. I, I am self-styled and boastful; Me; I mean; Last name.
Second, Yu
I call myself and refer to myself. In the early days, it was dedicated to the king. From the late Shang Dynasty to the late Spring and Autumn Period and the late Warring States Period, some kings often called themselves "Yu" and "I" as kings, which gradually faded in the late Warring States Period. After the Qin Dynasty unified the six countries, the emperor called himself "I" and gradually disappeared in China. Later generations, some nobles also called themselves "Yu", and some history books still regard "Yu" as the king.
Third, give
So China's Chinese characters, pronounced as yú and Y incarnation, refer to the seventh generation monarch of Xia Dynasty. What do I mean by giving the same "Yu"? Grant, give it to me. Song and Zhou Dunyi's "Love Lotus Theory" have related records.
Fourth, I
After Qin Shihuang unified the six countries, Prime Minister Li Si suggested that "I" be the first person pronoun exclusive to the emperor. Take the meaning of "the world is mine, and the imperial power is the only one". Strictly speaking, there is only one emperor in the East Asian Han cultural circle-the son of heaven of China, and only one person can call himself "I", unless China is in a separatist period. However, I am a more written self-assertion, which often only appears in official documents such as imperial edicts.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) loneliness
The ideas of ancient emperors.
Six, idiot
Silly brother (compared with the self-modesty of his own small person); Stupid old man (old man's modest words); A foolish minister (the minister claims to be humble to the monarch); Stupidity (a humble term for one's point of view); Ignorance (modesty refers to opinions).
4. What are the modest words in classical Chinese?
(1) expresses modesty and is used to claim compensation. Fool, modestly calling himself not smart. Despicable and modest, claiming to have little knowledge. Humble, call yourself humble. Stealing means privately, privately, and it often means bold and abrupt when used. I humbly declare that I am not as tall as the other person. Servant, humbly calling himself the servant of the other party, means to serve the other party.
(2) The ancient emperors were self-effacing, solitary (the king of a small country) and widowed (the person without virtue).
(3) The words of self-modesty of ancient officials are Xiaguan, Last Guan and Xuli.
(4) Scholars' words of self-modesty include: young, late in life, late in learning, etc. , indicating that they are new learners; If you are modest, unworthy and unworthy, it means that you have no talent, or your talent is mediocre.
(5) When addressing relatives and friends, the ancients often used modest words such as "home" and "shed". "Home" is a modest word used to address a person's elders or older relatives, such as my father and mother. "She" is used to address one's home or humble relatives humbly, such as my humble home, my house, my brother, my sister and so on.
(6) Other self-deprecating words are: because the elders were above when the ancients sat at the table, the younger generation or people with low status were humble; Small is the modesty of people with a certain status, indicating that they are ordinary and insignificant; Boys are the opinions of children's younger generations on their fathers and brothers; Old people use old people, old people, old people, old people like me, and so on. When they are modest; Women call themselves concubines; The old monk calls himself an old woman; Call your monarch a widowed monarch in other countries.
5. What did the ancients call themselves the ancients? Many people call themselves ancient, and some of them are called by pronouns, such as Yu, Yu, Wu and I.
Some people refer to themselves with pronouns "Zhi" and "Qi", such as Liu Zongyuan's The Snake Catcher, Will there be sadness in life? Wang Anshi's Bao Chan Shan Jutu "and I regret that it followed, so I can't appreciate it very much". Sometimes he claims to use indefinite pronouns, such as "A". For example, Wang Anshi's "Answering Sima's Words" means "Apocalypse, I was taught yesterday".
Sometimes "Zi" is added to the last name or the first name is added directly. For example, Ouyang Xiu's Ode to Autumn Sound has Ouyang Zi reading at night. Claiming to be yourself in front of others.
The emperor calls himself a villain, the old man calls himself an old man, the young man calls himself a younger brother in front of the old man, the monk calls himself a poor monk, and the average person calls himself me. Modesty is self-assertion, and self-assertion is "stupidity" (selected from >). "I". "I". The last general. "I". Little people. "Xiaguan". Ancient officials: civil servants: I, a small minister (to the emperor), a lower official (to officials higher than him), an old minister (to people older than myself), a military attache: the last general (to officials higher than him), a corrupt official.
This statement is the first person, but there are some established statements without personal pronouns such as "I", "Yu" and "Yu". Here's an example: Yu Xia's Dream of Red Mansions (120) said, "Yu Xia had several contacts with him at that time, and I don't want this person to be so determined."
Cattle and horses went to Sima Qian to report Ren 'an: "Taishi Gong Niu Ma went to Sima Qian to worship again." "Go" means servant, and "Cattle and horses go" means servants who are driven away like cattle and horses.
Shan Li's note: "Taishi Gong, talk about transferring your father. Go ahead, you servant.
I have been a servant of Taishi Gong, and I am very modest. "Zhang Heng's Ode to Tokyo": "Although it is not sensitive, it will be easy."
Xue Yan's note: "Go, Zi claimed to make it. He's a servant now. "
My Lu Xun's "Gai Hua Sacrifice to Mo": "I have always been the most in favor of all sacrifices, and I am also the most happy with the beauty of adults". Servant Sima Qian's "Report to Ren An": "I dare not do this."
The old minister touched the dragon and said to Empress Zhao, "The old minister was very ill and ran away." It is not only people who have the relationship between monarch and minister who can call themselves "ministers", such as "Bian Que meets Cai Huangong": "Now I go deep into the bone marrow, and I am invited by heaven".
Zhuge Liang, the foolish old man, wrote a model: "I think that everything in the palace, big or small, should be consulted." My concubine Peacock Flying Southeast: "I can't bear to be driven away, so I can't help it."
"Concubine" is limited to women's self-assertion, not to women who have a husband-wife relationship in front of their husbands. The villain "Lin Xueshan Temple": "Since the donor's relief, I have become a villain."
Xiaguan officials call themselves "Xiaguan". "Peacock flies southeast": "Xiaguan has a mission, and his words are predestined."
Small "Gourd Monk Judge Gourd Case": "Small mediation in the dark". Kid Han Yu's "Peony Song": "Who is drunk before the flower? Chu Kuang's kid Han Xun ".
Peach Blossom Fans in Student Hole: "All of them were promoted by students, and now they are big bosses". Not only scholars can address students modestly, but people in officialdom can also address students modestly.
The 74th chapter of Jin Ping Mei Hua Ci: "Ximen Qing said,' It's also a person in Huaishang who sent the students'". And modesty is called "learning"
Ming anonymous "Dongli Chrysanthemum Appreciation": "Cher is Pengze County Order". Xiao Ke's Water Margin 4 1: "Xiao Ke was a scholar since childhood".
Young student Kong's Peach Blossom Fan: "My surname is Hou, my first name is Chao Zong". Xiao Sheng is a self-proclaimed scholar.
The third chapter of The Scholars: "Know people by their eyes." "Little old" is a modest name for the elderly, also known as "little old son".
"Legend of Heroes of Children" 8: "Son, you killed your youngest son". Yuan Gaoming, a humble person in Pipa Story: "There are many people who are filial. How can a humble person be called filial piety? " Humble people are still talking about me.
Humble "Wu Zixu Bianwen": "Now I dare to invite you to dinner." My Biographies of Historical Records of Zhang Shizhi and Feng Tang: "Tang Xie said' I don't know taboos'".
You can also call yourself "contempt". Tang Liyan continued the riddle: "I am the wife of Cui Shi, two men and one woman".
Zhang Heng's Ode to Tokyo in the Eastern Han Dynasty: "My husband is ignorant and knows the virtue of a gentleman from time to time, so he is salty." The old slave "New Tang Book Li Chuan": "It is a sin for the old slave to die, but it is none of your husband's business. Please go underground and ask the emperor in advance. "
"Old slave" claims to be limited to servants. Wei Chen's "Yan Zichun Qiu Jian Merchants": "The heir of the monarch lives with me."
A "disdainful minister" or a small minister. Bi Mingsheng Chen Zilong's Poem History of Mourning for the Past: "There is no doubt that the two must be judged."
"Poor life" is the name of students' modesty. "The Biography of Wang Jie in the Book of Jin" says: "Seek talents and abilities, be small and correct, and give them when you know what you think."
"Despise the old" is the name of the old man's modesty, and it is still called "old-fashioned". Old Su Shi and Feng Zuren wrote: "Insulting the teacher is tiring, the meaning is abrupt, and the ceremony and righteousness are equally important, which is beyond the reach of the old people."
It is different from "National Policy Zhao Ce Er": "You can't leave if you are sick." "Old chap like me" Song Ren Tao's "Qing Louis": "When I was a child, an old chap like me was born like Liu Chui, especially eloquent."
Bucai Ming Zongchen reported to Liu Yi Zhang Shu: "How can I repay you for being humiliated?" . "No talent" means no talent.
Old Yin's Biography of Literati: "The old man is hungry when he hears it." The old servant "Historical Records Biography of Wei Wuqi": King Wei Qi said: "Although the old servant is abandoned, the general is expensive, why not?" * * * Du Fu's "Twenty-three Rhymes of Wei Zuocheng": "Literati audition, * * * please be sincere".
Honesty and shame: Gui Youguang's "A Tribute to Uncle Wei Guanglu": "Honesty and shame are hard to match". As a synonym, it is often used after the death of parents.
The Qing Palace treasured itself and was a scholar at the end of the Qing Dynasty. He wrote "To Yuanmingyuan in late spring": "The door is mighty, and the scholar at the end of the Qing Dynasty feels wasted". A "humble scholar" is called a scholar's modesty.
Lin Juemin, the unfilial son, wrote to his father: "Chueh-min, the unfilial son, visits his father." "Han Feizi saves Korea": "Today, I am stupid and make a fool of myself."
"Modest minister" is a modest title in front of the monarch or boss. Handmaid "The Book of Rites under Quli" "Since you are a woman, call yourself a handmaid".
"Zuo Zhuan Xi Gong Twenty-two Years": "The widowed gentleman makes the servant serve.