Different buildings, such as concert halls, theaters, cinemas, multi-function halls, classrooms, lecture halls, gymnasiums and recording studios, have different requirements for sound quality and different problems to be solved in design. We should handle it flexibly according to the above principles and methods and in light of the actual situation.
In addition, there are many attached rooms in these buildings, such as foyer, lounge and corridor, which also play an important role in creating the acoustic environment of the whole building. For example, the silent foyer and corridor will make people feel that the sound quality of the audience hall will be fuller, while the foyer and corridor with long reverberation time will not only make the whole building give people a noisy impression, but also affect people's feelings about the sound quality fullness of the audience hall. Therefore, the acoustic environment of the whole building should be designed as a whole.
Concert Hall: Concert Hall is a special hall for symphony, chamber music, vocal music and other music performances. Reverberation time requirements: symphony1.8 ~ 2.2s; Folk music 1.6s is ideal; Chamber music 1.7s is ideal. In a room with one function and other functions, RT can be changed in the following two ways: one is to change the volume of the room; The second is to change the sound absorption capacity of the wall (open more windows, require long RT, and close the windows; RT is short, you can open the window).
Theater: There are many types of theaters, such as opera house, theater house and theater house. It is characterized by a large stage space independent of the audience hall, which is mostly connected with the audience hall by a frame platform, and generally has a music pool. In the shape of the theater, we should consider making the previously reflected sound evenly distributed among the audience. The opera house mainly focuses on singing and music performance, and the reverberation time is longer, but slightly less than that of the concert hall.
Cinema: Listening to sounds in the cinema is different from listening to sounds in the theater. The process of film recording is usually picked up by microphone in the recording studio, and then recorded on film through a series of production processes. What the audience heard in the cinema was the sound replayed through the loudspeaker. Different scenes of a movie sometimes have great differences in acoustic environment. For example, they may include the space where special acoustic effects are displayed in the cathedral (reverberation time can reach 8s) or the sound silence in the open snow. In order to let the audience clearly hear the recording effect of a specific scene of the film, try not to be affected by the acoustic environment of the audience hall. According to this feature, the reverberation time of the cinema should be very short. However, the reverberation time should not be too short. On the one hand, it will make the sound of the audience hall too "silent", according to the recommended value; In addition, the back wall should be separated or treated with strong sound absorption, and some interfaces that may produce echo, long delay reflection and acoustic focus should be treated with serious acoustics.
Multi-function hall, auditorium: In order to improve the utilization rate of the auditorium, many audience halls are designed as multi-function halls that can be used for performances, conferences or movies, and are often called "theaters" or "auditoriums". Generally, the sound quality design of multi-function halls adopts a compromise method. That is to say, the front reflected sound should be evenly distributed in shape, and the diffusion treatment should be properly arranged to meet the needs of natural sound expression. At the same time, an electro-acoustic system is set up to meet the needs of meetings, speeches and small-volume performances (solo, solo and some dramas). Reverberation time is the middle value between the concert hall and the language hall, or the best reverberation time is selected based on the main function, and the auxiliary function is satisfied with the electroacoustic system.
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