On one occasion, Zhuge Liang personally searched the books, and Yong Yang, the chief bookkeeper, went straight into his office and protested, saying, "There is a certain system for governing the country, and there should be no interference between the higher and lower levels. Please allow me to give you an analogy of running a family. Now there is a master who sends a footman to farm, a maid to make a fire to cook, a rooster to tell the time, a dog to guard against theft, a cow to carry loads and a horse to run long distances. In this way, all the work at home has not been given up, and all the requirements can be met. He is carefree, carefree. Suddenly one day he tried his best to do all the work by himself and stopped delivering the task; Exhausted his physical strength, in order to do those trivial things. Tired, I finally achieved nothing. ..... Since you are in charge of state affairs, you must check the register yourself. Aren't you tired of being so busy all day? " Zhuge Liang admitted his mistake and thanked him. Later Qing died, and Zhuge Liang shed tears for three days.
Diligent training
There is nothing higher than hard work to make a living. Therefore, Shao Yong said: "Whether the arrangement of a day can be completed depends on the morning, whether the plan of a year can be realized, whether it depends on the spring, and whether the plan of a lifetime can be implemented depends on hard work." Although (these words) are simple, they have far-reaching significance! But people generally feel that they hate labor and like comfort: (eating) sweets, (wearing) gorgeous clothes, wasting their time, wasting their time. If you use this attitude to farm, you can't dig deep into the soil and manage the crops well; If you work with this attitude towards life, you will not achieve anything in the daytime; If you do business with this attitude, you can't take advantage of the opportunity to make money; If you use this scholar's attitude towards life, you can't do your best with firm will: (such a person) lived in vain in the middle of heaven and earth, just a moth! The nature of nature is that it is changing and updating every day so as not to be out of date. Therefore, the door shaft that rotates frequently will not be eaten by insects, and the running water will not rot. It's really impossible to keep them still for a long time! Why is the brain and physical strength different? If you use your brain often, your thinking will be active; It's easy to forget if it's just for comfort. That's why it happened.
Dayu's wisdom is so outstanding that he still cherishes every bit of time; Tao Kan's thought and morality are so noble that he cherishes it for less than an inch of silver. What's more, sages are not as good as those people!
Orangeman's words
There is a fruit seller in Hangzhou who is good at storing oranges and won't rot after one year. Take it out, it is still shiny and bright, with jade texture and gold color. In the market, the price is ten times higher and people are scrambling to buy it. I bought one, cut it open, and it flew at my nose and mouth like a puff of smoke. Look inside. It's as dry as cotton wool. Surprised, I asked him, "Are you going to put the oranges sold to others in containers to worship the gods and entertain guests?" Or should we praise its appearance to confuse fools and blind people? It's too much to do this deceptive business! "
The citrus seller smiled and said, "I have been engaged in this profession for many years." I live on it. I sell it and others buy it. I haven't heard of it, but it can't meet your needs? There are many people cheating in the world. Am I the only one? You haven't thought about it. Now those who wear military badges and sit on tiger chairs look imposing, as if they are talents who protect their country and defend their country. Can they really teach Sun Wu and Wuqi military strategy? Those people with high hats and long belts around their waists look swaggering, as if they were important officials of the imperial court. Can they really build on the achievements of Yi Yin and Hao Tao? Thieves rise without knowing how to fight, people are poor without knowing how to save, officials are cunning without knowing how to ban, laws are corrupt without knowing the whole thing, and state grain is abandoned without shame. Look at those people sitting in the high-open hall, riding tall horses, drinking enough wine and eating enough fish. Which is not a behemoth that is daunting and which is not magnificent and can be imitated? But no matter where you go, isn't it all gold on the outside and broken inside? Now you don't analyze these things, but you investigate my oranges! "
I am silent. When I think of what he said, it seems to me that he is a character like Dong Fangshuo. Is he a person who expresses indignation at the world and hates evil? Is he sarcastic under the guise of oranges?
The tiger "Liu Shi 'an" in the temple
Translation:
Anshi is tall and majestic, with a voice like Hong Zhong. At first, I was appointed as an admonition officer, but I haven't been ordered yet. When I got home, I said to my mother, "The court won't let me be an remonstrator because I'm not virtuous. If you hold this position, you must have the courage to do justice fearlessly and take responsibility with your own life. If the emperor is offended, disaster will come soon. The emperor ruled the world with filial piety. If I use my mother's old age as an excuse, I should be able to avoid this office. " Mother said, "That's not right. It is said that the remonstrance officer is an important official who dares to speak out in front of the emperor. Your father wanted to be such an official all his life, but he couldn't. You are lucky to hold this position, so you should give your life to serve your country. Even if I am exiled, no matter how far or near, I will definitely go with you. " (An Shi) then accepted the official position. He has been in office for many years, with a serious face, standing above the court and upholding justice. Reprimand face to face, persuade and argue in court, and sometimes the emperor is furious. (He) stepped back, stood with a plank, and waited for the emperor's anger to subside before going forward to argue. The attendants next to him watched from a distance, shrinking their heads in fear and sweating, calling him "the tiger on the temple", and everyone admired him for a while.
Qian Da listened silently and watched the game.
I am watching chess at my friend's house. A guest lost many times in chess, and I laughed at his miscalculation. I've been trying to change pieces for him, thinking that he can't catch up with himself. After a while, the guest asked to play chess with me, and I looked down on him. Just playing a few pieces, the guests have gained the initiative. At the end of the game, I thought hard, but the guests were more relaxed. Finally, the chess pieces of both sides were calculated, and the guest beat me by thirteen. I am too ashamed to speak. After being invited to watch chess, I just sat and watched silently all day.
People who study now, reading the books of the ancients, often criticize the mistakes of the ancients; Now I get along with people and like to say other people's faults. People can't be without mistakes, but try to exchange places with each other and calmly estimate that you really have no mistakes? I can recognize other people's mistakes, but I can't see my own. I can point out other people's small mistakes, but I can't see my own big ones. I have no time to check my own mistakes. Where can I talk about others?
The level of chess is standard. People can see every mistake, even if they want to defend their previous mistakes, they can't hide it. On the issue of rationality, everyone agrees with what he thinks is right, and everyone opposes what he thinks is incorrect. There is no saint like Confucius in the world. Who can judge true right or wrong? Then other people's mistakes are not necessarily gains, and their own mistakes are not necessarily big mistakes. It's just that everyone laughs at each other and even the players are not as good as when they don't stop.
Wang listened to the literature and history.
Wang lived in Jinling (now Nanjing) after his retirement. One day, he went hiking alone, wearing a headscarf and sandals and resting in front of a temple. At this time, several guests came, sitting around the temple, talking about literature and history, arguing with each other, neither supercilious nor supercilious. The king sat on their heads and no one looked at him. Suddenly, a guest asked the maharaja contemptuously, "Have you ever read a book?" The maharaja was passive and didn't answer. The man asked the name of the maharaja again, but Wang was helpless and replied, "My name is Wang, and my name is An Shi." As soon as those guests heard it, they realized that he was a famous thinker and reformer at that time. He was terrified and went away in shame.
There are so many talented people in the world that it is unwise to be arrogant and rude in public. Might as well be modest.