Automatic fire alarm and fire control system;
Overview of overall functions
1. Automatic fire alarm and fire linkage control system play an important role in two stages of fire:
2. The first stage (alarm stage): At the beginning of the fire, it is often accompanied by smoke, high temperature and other phenomena. Through the fire detector and manual alarm button installed on the site, the fire alarm information is automatically or manually transmitted to the monitoring center to achieve the purpose of early detection and notification of fires;
3. The second stage (fire-fighting stage): Through the controller and the field interface module, the public equipment (such as broadcasting, elevators, etc.) and special fire-fighting equipment (such as smoke extractor and fire pump, etc.) in the building are controlled, so as to effectively save people and put out the fire and achieve the purpose of reducing losses.
automatic fire alarm system
1. The site consists of smoke detector, temperature detector, ultraviolet flame detector, manual alarm button, fire display panel, sound and light buzzer, etc. The monitoring room consists of fire alarm controller and CRT graphic display system.
2. In the early stage of fire, the detector responds to fire (such as smoke and temperature) parameters in time and automatically generates fire alarm signals; Manual alarm buttons are generally installed in stairs, corridors and other places. When the field personnel find a fire, they can manually generate a fire alarm signal by pressing the nearby manual alarm button.
3. The fire display panel is usually installed in the elevator front room or service desk. When the fire alarm controller receives the fire alarm signal, it will send the alarm signal to the fire display panel in the fire area in time. The fire display panel will display the alarm detector number, Chinese character prompt and other information, and at the same time send out a "fire alarm" sound signal to inform people in the fire area.
4.GST5000 fire alarm controller monitors the working status of field devices such as detectors and manual alarm buttons in real time, receives, displays and transmits fire alarm signals, and can issue control instructions when necessary.
Audible and visual alarm is usually installed in corridors and stairs. When there is a fire, audible and visual alarm sends out an acousto-optic signal different from the environment to remind the on-site personnel of the fire.
6.CRT graphic display system seems to be the same as electronic map. Through CRT graphic display system, the location of fire can be determined more intuitively, which is convenient for early fire confirmation.
Fire linkage control system:
Functions of fire fighting linkage control system
1, control and monitor special fire-fighting equipment. Such as fire hydrant system, automatic sprinkler system, smoke control system, etc.
2, control and monitor all kinds of public * * * equipment. Such as air conditioning system, elevator, lighting power supply.
3. Command the evacuation system, etc. Such as fire telephone and fire broadcast control.
fire control linkagesystem
Fire linkage system fire hydrant system automatic sprinkler system gas fire extinguishing system smoke control system fire shutter door system fire communication system command evacuation system.
Indoor fire hydrant system
Fire hydrant box includes fire hydrants, hoses and water guns, and a fire hydrant button is generally set nearby. Press the fire hydrant button to inform the fire control center, which can start the fire pump manually or automatically when the linkage controller automatically allows it.
Fire pump is the most important equipment in indoor fire hydrant system. Generally, there are three control and start modes:
1. The high-voltage control box of the fire pump room is started manually directly.
2. The fire hydrant button is directly linked with the high-voltage control box and started directly.
3. Remote control through fire alarm controller
fire control linkagesystem
Automatic sprinkler system
It is a fire extinguishing system that can automatically start the sprinkler to sprinkle water in case of fire, so as to ensure the safety of people, life and property.
Automatic sprinkler system is the most widely used fixed fire extinguishing system in the world, especially suitable for high-rise buildings and other buildings with high fire risk. It has incomparable advantages over other systems: safety, reliability, economy and practicality, and high fire control rate.
It mainly includes wet, dry, dry-wet alternating, pre-action and rain automatic sprinkler systems.
Composition and basic working principle of wet automatic sprinkler system
It is mainly composed of closed nozzle, pipeline system, wet alarm valve, alarm device and water supply facilities.
Basic working principle:
1, high temperature makes the nozzle thermal element act.
2, water flow indicator action, signal into the alarm controller.
3, wet alarm valve action, pressure water through the delay device, make the water pressure alarm and pressure switch action.
4. The controller automatically starts the fire water pump to pressurize the water supply to the pipe network according to the action signals of the pressure switch and the water flow indicator or the water level signal of the fire water tank, so as to ensure continuous automatic sprinkler.
Linkage control of automatic sprinkler system
The linkage control system needs to control the start and stop of the spray pump, monitor the action signals of the water flow indicator and the pressure switch, and monitor the opening or closing signals of the butterfly valve for maintenance.
Dry automatic sprinkler system
The pipeline behind the alarm valve is filled with compressed air instead of pressure water, and the pressure water is still filled in front of the alarm valve to meet the requirements of ambient temperature.
It consists of a closed nozzle, a pipeline system, a dry alarm valve, an alarm device, an inflation device, an exhaust device and a water supply device.
Suitable for places where the ambient temperature is higher than 70 degrees or lower than 4 degrees.
Pre-acting automatic sprinkler system
On the basis of dry type, an automatic fire alarm device is added, which has dual control functions and has the advantages of wet type and dry type.
Usually, it is dry. After the automatic fire alarm system gives an alarm, the solenoid valve will act. When the pipeline is filled with water, compressed air will be discharged, becoming a wet system, which can put out the fire at any time. When the temperature rises, the sprinkler will put out the fire.
1. Automatic sprinkler system
2. Rainwater sprinkler system
3. Water curtain system
4. Water spraying system
Daily management and maintenance of wet automatic sprinkler system
1. Check the appearance of the nozzle once a month.
2. Measure the water supply capacity of the water source once a year to see if it meets the design requirements. Fire pool, fire water tank and pneumatic water supply equipment should be checked once a month.
The solenoid valve should be checked once a month to see if the test is started normally. Every quarter, the water is drained by the test method beside the alarm valve to verify the water supply capacity and the alarm function of the pressure switch and hydraulic alarm bell. Every two months, the terminal square water device is used for waterproofing and the alarm function of the water flow indicator is tested.
On-site disposal in case of fire
1. Check and ensure that the main control valve of the system is fully opened.
2. Find out the floor and location of water spraying.
3. Check the water supply pressure and water source, and start the fire pump to supply water when necessary.
4. After confirming that the fire has been put out, stop the water supply immediately to reduce unnecessary water damage.
5. Check the nozzle in the fire area, replace the nozzle that has been moved and the nozzle that is obviously damaged, and restore the system to normal state.
Gas fire extinguishing system
1. The fire extinguishing system with gas as fire extinguishing medium is called gas fire extinguishing system. There are mainly halon fire extinguishing systems (12 1 1 and 130 1), carbon dioxide fire extinguishing systems and steam fire extinguishing systems. Halon fire extinguishing agent mainly tests the chemical fire extinguishing mechanism, cuts off the combustion chain reaction, has high efficiency and low toxicity, insulates residues and does not damage electronic equipment.
2. Carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system is to reduce the oxygen content in the air, so that it can not reach the level of combustion. Carbon dioxide is widely available, low in price, low in electrical insulation and clean and pollution-free. However, it has asphyxiating effect and is generally used in unmanned places.
Application of gas fire extinguishing system
1. Gas fire extinguishing system can be divided into two forms according to its protection form for the protected object: total flooding system and local application system; According to its assembly form, it can be divided into pipe network fire extinguishing system and non-pipe network fire extinguishing system; In the pipe network fire extinguishing system, it can be divided into joint distribution fire extinguishing system and unit independent fire extinguishing system.
2. Composition of gas fire extinguishing system
The main equipment of halon fire extinguishing system includes fire extinguishing agent container, bottle head valve, pipeline system, selector valve, nozzle, pneumatic device, pipeline and pipeline components, detector, automatic fire extinguishing detection control box, etc.
3. The carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system is mainly composed of carbon dioxide container, container valve, collecting pipe, selector valve, nozzle, pressure signal device, gas starter, pipeline and its accessories.
Fire communication system
Fire broadcast system
The fire broadcast system is used to command the on-site personnel to carry out orderly fire fighting and evacuation in case of fire.
The fire broadcast system consists of broadcast equipment and live speakers in the fire control center.
Broadcasting equipment includes sound source, microphone, preamplifier and power amplifier.
In case of fire, the host computer starts the emergency broadcast according to the set program, and the controller issues a control command to automatically switch the fire floor and the upper and lower floors to emergency broadcast only.
Fire telephone system
It mainly includes telephone host, fixed telephone extension, mobile telephone extension, telephone jack and other equipment.