Introduce Shaanxi, especially xi.

Xi 'an, a famous historical and cultural city, is located in the middle of Weishui Plain on the west bank of the Yellow River. This is a fertile land, 800 miles and thousands of hectares of Qinchuan, with rich products and outstanding people. On the land of China, this bright pearl embedded in the southern tip of the Loess Plateau once had a world-famous splendid history and culture and beautiful natural landscape. On the south side of Xi 'an, hundreds of miles from east to west, it is the Qinling Mountains, known as the "Alps of the East", and the peaks are connected. On this beautiful scenic line, there are Huashan Mountain in Xiyue, which is known as the first of the five mountains, Mount Li in Lintong, which is famous for its hot spring Tang Chi, Mount Zhongnan, which is evergreen all the year round and is full of strange things, and Taibai Mountain, which is a wonder because of the six In the snow. Together, they form a natural and unique landscape group. There were eight rivers around Chang 'an in ancient times, namely Weihe River, Chan River, Ba River, Lao River, Feng River, Tan River, Zaohe River and Yu River. Surrounded by blue waves, it is called "Chang 'an Eight Rivers". This Millennium-old ancient capital at the foot of the Qinling Mountains and on the banks of the Weihe River has the solid foundation of Tongguan in the east and the danger of scattered customs in the west. In the north, the equator built by the Qin Dynasty, which is hundreds of meters wide and stretches for thousands of miles, reaches the Mongolian grassland, and is the main artery to fight against the Huns and supply materials. There are Ziwu Road, Luo Luo Lu, Xiexie Road and Chencang Road in the south, which can cross Hanzhong to Bashu. Wuguan Road in Shangluo Mountain area in southeast China is the throat leading to Chu State. In ancient Chang 'an, the transportation was convenient, the land and water were used together, the terrain was dangerous, and it was easy to defend but difficult to attack. It has always been a battleground for military strategists and a place for emperors to make contributions. Xi area is an important birthplace of China's history and culture, and it is also one of the earliest developed areas of human civilization. In the history of the Chinese nation for thousands of years, perhaps no city can enjoy such a lofty position and unparalleled brilliance as Xi 'an: it is the capital of 13 dynasties since the Western Zhou Dynasty and the epitome of the first half of China feudal society. Since the Zhou and Qin Dynasties, Xi 'an has been in the political, economic and cultural center of China for a long time with its unique historical position. In the 1 1 century BC, Zhou people continued to grow and develop in Qishan and Fufeng areas in the west of Guanzhong, and eventually lost their business and founded their country, with Fengjing and Haojing as their capitals. Qin people successively established their capitals in Yongcheng, Liyang and Xianyang, went to Hangu in the east, destroyed the six countries, and established an unprecedented unified Qin empire. Xianyang, located in Yuanshang, is still the capital of Qin Dynasty, and there are continuous palaces on both sides of Weihe River. After Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang destroyed Qin, he took a fancy to the 800-mile Qinchuan in Woye, and decided to set the capital on the south bank of Weihe River, separated from Xianyang in Qin. At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Wang Mang usurped the Han Dynasty to establish a new dynasty and inherited the capital and organizational system of the Han family. When the Yellow turban insurrectionary army started, Dong Zhuo burned Luoyang Palace, and the eighteen-route princes begged for Zhuo, so Dong Zhuo forced Xian Di to move westward to Chang 'an, where the Eastern Han Dynasty spent six years. There are a lot of cultural treasures of the Western Zhou Dynasty 3000 years ago on both sides of the scenic Fenghe River, which is a magical and attractive place. In the Western Jin Dynasty, Emperor Yu proclaimed himself emperor in Chang 'an and was destroyed in just three years. Qianzhao, Qianqin, Houqin, Western Wei and Northern Zhou successively established their capitals here. Chang 'an experienced a long period of war and shortage of soldiers after Ankang and peace in Han Dynasty. In 58 1 year, Emperor Wendi of the Sui Dynasty, Emperor Wendi of the Sui Dynasty, reunited China. Later, Daxing City, the capital of the Sui Dynasty, was designed and supervised by the famous architect Yuwen Kai. The scale layout and scientific facilities of Daxing City obviously surpassed Chang 'an City in Han Dynasty, which laid the foundation for Chang 'an in Tang Dynasty. The Tang Dynasty was the heyday in the history of China, and Chang 'an in the Tang Dynasty was also an unparalleled brilliant model in the history of China. Chang 'an is not only the political, economic and cultural center of the Tang Empire, but also the largest international city in the East. The Central Qin Dynasty has been an imperial country since ancient times. History chose Xi 'an, and Xi 'an enriched history. Today, whenever people mention the former Chang 'an of Xi 'an, they are filled with national pride, reverence and admiration for China's colorful and unparalleled ancient civilization for thousands of years. If history chose Xi 'an as the capital of emperors, making it the central stage of politics, economy and culture in China for more than 1000 years, then the emperors who made great achievements here chose the vast and profound yellow land in Guanzhong as their final destination. As a result, the dense and magnificent imperial tombs spread all over Guanzhong with the pride of ancient and modern times, becoming one of the most unique cultural landscapes in An. The imperial tombs in Shaanxi can be traced back to the Huangdi Mausoleum more than 5000 years ago. It is the tomb of Xuanyuan Huangdi, the ancestor of the Chinese nation, which is recognized in the world. It is located at the top of Qiao Shan, huangling county, in the north of Xi. From ancient times to the present, countless descendants of the Chinese people, the Chinese Miao people, come here every year to pay homage to the mausoleum, find their roots and ask their ancestors, and cherish the memory of the holy virtue. Besides the Mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor, from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Sui and Tang Dynasties in 2000, about 70 emperors were buried in Guanzhong. Ancient Chang 'an was not only the long-term political and economic center of China, but also the religious and cultural center. In the Tang Dynasty with political stability and economic development, Chang 'an's religious culture also reached its peak. At this time, not only the local Taoist culture in China was widely spread, but more importantly, the foreign Buddhist culture occupied a prominent position in social life. Buddhism was introduced into China in the Han Dynasty, and experienced the Northern and Southern Dynasties, becoming the ideology of the gentry. In the Tang Dynasty, worshipping Buddha became a common practice. Chang 'an, as the eastern end of the "Silk Road" across Wan Li and Asia and Europe, and an international metropolis, has gathered famous monks and missionaries from all over the world. Outside Chang 'an in the Tang Dynasty, there were many pagodas and temples, and there were also many people who gave lectures and listened to the law. According to historical documents, there are as many as 122 Buddhist temples and 3 1 Buddhist temples in Chang 'an, and emperors and court dignitaries are proud of building temples and teaching monks. The scale of these temples is also amazing. For example, in Jionji, there are more than ten courtyards with a total of 1896 rooms, covering an area of 342 mu. In the enlightened and open Tang Dynasty, not only the colorful Buddhist sects and Taoism as state religions were very active, but Nestorianism (another name for the spread of Christianity to the East), Manichaeism and Islam were also introduced into China one after another, making indelible contributions to the prosperity of Chinese and foreign cultures. Today, there are still many religious and cultural relics inside and outside Chang 'an City. The towering Big Wild Goose Pagoda in Jionji and the beautiful Little Wild Goose Pagoda in Jianfu Temple have become symbols of the famous historical and cultural city Xi. Famen Temple has once again become a Buddhist holy place because four Buddhist relics collected in the Tang Dynasty have been unearthed. Famous temples such as Daxing Temple, Qingyuan Temple and Ji Xiang Temple have also become symbols of friendly exchanges between China and foreign countries and tourist attractions. The famous Taoist Louguantai, the Eight Immortals Palace and the Huajue Lane Mosque, which combines Chinese and Western cultures, are important places for spreading Taoist and Islamic cultures respectively. Historically, Xi 'an Ancient City provided a broad and splendid stage for China to show its great and brilliant posture to the world, and made immortal contributions to the survival, progress and development of the Chinese nation. Perhaps it is in return for Xi 'an that history generously donated countless historical relics and cultural relics to this magical land. This is an inexhaustible treasure, which not only makes every Chinese son and daughter feel proud and responsible for history, but also makes people all over the world realize the clear track of social civilization development and the surging creativity of mankind as one of the essences of human cultural heritage. The historical sites in Xi 'an and its Guanzhong area have rare historical sequence integrity. This outstanding advantage is determined by the large span of Xi 'an, which is beyond the reach of many historical cities. Here, 1 15000 years ago, the Lantian ape-man paleolithic and the painted pottery basin of Banpo matriarchal clan settlement 6000 years ago, * * * all outline the context and footprint of the birth, reproduction and development of primitive ancestors; The profound, dignified and mysterious bronzes of Shang and Zhou Dynasties reproduce the ritual and music system of slave society and the life atmosphere of noble bells. The heroic terracotta warriors and horses and exquisite relief stones in Qin and Han dynasties wrapped the political situation and bonfire smoke in the early feudal society; The dazzling murals and colorful gold and silver utensils in the Sui and Tang Dynasties recorded the glorious chapter of the golden age. The inscriptions, porcelain, calligraphy and painting of Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties are the witness of the continuation and development of civilization after Xi 'an lost its imperial capital ... It is no exaggeration to say that sorting out and searching Xi 'an's cultural remains in chronological order is tantamount to reading a condensed general history of China. Xi 'an and its nearby areas are rich in cultural relics and complete in categories, which is another great advantage. Not to mention the titles of the Western Zhou Dynasty, Xianyang Palace in Qin Dynasty, Chang 'an City in Han and Tang Dynasties and other large sites, as well as exquisite ancient buildings, famous temples and grottoes. As far as movable cultural relics are concerned, according to preliminary statistics, the number of collections has reached over 600,000 pieces (groups). Including ceramics, bronzes, jade articles, gold and silver wares, murals, stone carvings, brick carvings, inscriptions, Jeff seals and other categories. In this sense, the ancient city of Xi 'an itself is a museum of natural history, but also a temple of cultural crafts. Xi's natural landscape is also very unique. There are Mount Xiyue, the first wonder in the world, Mount Zhongnan cultivated by Wang Zhongyang, the founder of Quanzhen School, Mount Taibai, the natural geological museum, Mount Li, the land of mountains and rivers in China (Su Shi praises poems). An's gardens show royal style everywhere. Huaqing Palace tells the story of Song of Eternal Sorrow with its original hot springs and warm and romantic love stories. Xingqing Palace describes the eternal story of "Li Bai is drunk"; A song "to see the sun, for all his glory, Buried by the Coming Night" makes the twilight in Leyuan Scenic Area a charming twilight scene. Today last year, in this door, peach blossoms set each other off. People don't know where to go, but peach blossoms are still smiling in the spring breeze. "If you have a chance to go to Qu Wei, you will definitely feel true love under that peach tree with the dream of' peach blossoms have faces'. At present, Xi 'an has 1 1 forest park, which constitutes the natural oxygen bar of this ancient city. Humanity and landscape blend together, forming the unique charm of ancient Xi 'an. As the head of the ancient capital of China, Xi 'an, after more than 3,000 years of development, is shouldering countless brilliant dreams of the Chinese nation and is firmly moving towards tomorrow. From 65438 to 0949, after the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), the ancient city of Xi 'an opened a new chapter in its development history. Since the 1980s, with the implementation of the reform and opening-up policy, 665,438+800,000 Xi people have seized the opportunity of the times, made great efforts to build Xi 'an into a socialist export-oriented city with unprecedented courage and speed. A thriving and energetic Xi is standing among the world's cities. Today, Xi is an important scientific research and development base in contemporary China. There are more than 3,000 scientific research institutions in the city, such as machinery, electric power, electronics, aviation, aerospace, geology, chemical industry, textiles, instrumentation, nuclear industry, etc. The only watch industry research institute in China and the satellite monitoring and control center, the central nerve of the aerospace monitoring and control network, are also located in Xi 'an. Today, Xi is an important higher education base in China. There are 42 institutions of higher learning, more than 10 postdoctoral research stations, about 100 doctoral degree awarding points and more than 300 master degree awarding points in the city, which cultivate a large number of modern talents for the country every year and become a veritable "cradle of talents". Today, Xi is a world-famous tourist hotspot city. The long and vast historical and cultural relics, beautiful and magnificent natural scenery in the northwest and changeable and magical traditional folk customs constitute Xi 'an's unique tourism resources, attracting countless tourists from home and abroad to explore the future. With the development of tourism, various tourist facilities and municipal projects have been further improved. With Xi 'an as the center, high-grade highways crisscross and extend in all directions. With the completion of the Eurasian Continental Bridge and Xi Xianyang International Airport, Xi has more frequent and close contacts with domestic and foreign countries. A large number of star-rated hotels and modern entertainment facilities and places have sprung up like mushrooms after rain, which not only guarantees the development of tourism, but also adds elegance and charm to the appearance of the ancient city. In order to enrich the cultural and recreational life of tourists and meet the demand for leisure and holiday, Xi 'an has built more than 3,700 cultural and recreational facilities in various forms, such as Tang Le Palace, Gudu Grand Theatre, Tang Hua Song and Dance Theatre, Qinqiang Grand Theatre, Ginza Nightclub and Taoyuan Lake Bowling Club. The festival activities such as "Chang 'an Music and Dance in Tang Dynasty", "Imitation of Tang Music and Dance", "Soul of Qin Figurines" and "Folk Music and Dance in Northern Shaanxi" have won favorable comments from domestic and foreign tourists for a long time. The production of Xi 'an tourism commodities has strong local characteristics. Huxian county has many folk handicrafts, such as imitation of Qin figurines, antique bronzes, Qin embroidery, jade, silk, craft porcelain, peasant paintings, tri-color paintings in the Tang Dynasty, Guanzhong porcelain plate paintings, landscape tables, grass paintings, paper cuts and so on. There are 26 designated shops for foreign tourists in this city, which can meet the shopping needs of tourists at different levels. At the same time, Xi 'an's catering industry can provide unique Shaanxi cuisine for tourists, such as imitation Tang cuisine, dumpling banquet, mutton bread in soup and local snacks, which is famous all over the country. Today, Xi is still an international metropolis with all-round inland opening. By summing up the ups and downs of history and understanding the fear of a better future, Xi people deeply realize that opening the door of the world and letting Xi go to the world is the only way for the development and prosperity of this ancient city today. History is good to Xi 'an, and Xi 'an will live up to it!