How to understand the role of lifelong education in the innovation and development of educational practice system? Thank God for his help.

Lifelong education Lifelong education is the sum of all kinds of training people have received in their lives. All stages and modes of the education system, including school education and social education; There are both formal education and informal education. Advocate to provide necessary knowledge and skills in the best way when everyone needs them. The concept of lifelong education has become the guiding principle of education reform in many countries. Since the mid-1960s, with the vigorous advocacy, promotion and popularization of UNESCO and other relevant international institutions, lifelong education, as an extremely important educational concept, has been widely spread around the world. Many countries take the concept of lifelong education as the basis, the basic principles put forward by lifelong education as the starting point and the realization of these principles as the main goal when formulating their own educational policies or constructing the framework of national education system. In today's society, if we want to say what kind of educational theory or what kind of educational trend of thought is the most shocking to the world, it is undoubtedly lifelong education. 1. The concept of lifelong education The word "lifelong education" was formally put forward during the international conference on promoting adult education held under the auspices of UNESCO in 1965 by Parl Lengrand, a Frenchman, in just a few years. The discussion on the concept of lifelong education in the past 30 years can be described as varied, and even there is no unified authoritative conclusion so far. This fact not only reflects the attention and importance of this brand-new educational concept in the world from a certain aspect, but also confirms the comprehensive explanation and rigorous demonstration of this concept in forming scientific concepts. There is still a gap between theory and practice. Several concepts of lifelong education: lifelong education refers not to a specific entity, but to some kind of thought or principle, or a series of care and research methods. Simply put, it also refers to the sum of a person's lifelong education and all personal and social life education. -paul long lifelong education should be a personal, social and professional process for individuals or groups to improve their living standards. This is a comprehensive and unified concept, which aims to bring inspiration and progress to all stages and fields of life, including all formal, informal and informal learning. -R. H. David (former full-time researcher of UNESCO Institute of Education) The third authoritative view was put forward by E. Telby, who served as the last Minister of Education of UNESCO from 65438 to 0972. Gilby believes: "Lifelong education should be the integration of school education and education and training after school graduation; Individuals (including children, youth and adults) achieve their greatest cultural and educational goals through community life, which is not only the development of the relationship between formal education and informal education, but also a factor centered on education policy. " -E. Gelbi (former Minister of Lifelong Education of UNESCO) Although these three viewpoints are different in expression and emphasis, they are consistent in one thing: they all think that lifelong education includes the sum of all kinds of education received in one's life. Here, we would like to quote the definition of lifelong education in the report of the International Development Committee "Learn to survive": "The concept of lifelong education includes all aspects of education, including everything in it, and the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. There is no part of eternal education that is not lifelong and inseparable in the world. In other words, lifelong education is not an education system, but a principle on which the overall organization of a system is based, which runs through the development process of every part of this system. "The general view of lifelong education is that lifelong education is" the sum of all kinds of training received in a person's life ",which refers to educational activities that begin at the beginning of a person's life and end at the end of his life, including all stages and aspects of his development. It includes not only the vertical education received by a person at different stages of development from infancy to old age, but also the horizontal education received from different fields of school, family and society, with the ultimate goal of "maintaining and improving the quality of personal social life". Second, the background of lifelong education 1. The rapid changes in society, occupation and family daily life in the new era lead people to update their knowledge and concepts in order to gain new adaptability. The late 1950s and early 1960s were a period of technological innovation and drastic changes in social structure. This great change is not only manifested in the economic structure, process and function in the fields of production, circulation and consumption, but also affects the daily life style and ordinary family life, and great changes have taken place. People are faced with brand-new and ever-changing career, family and social life. In order to adapt to it, people must arm themselves with new knowledge, skills and concepts. Lifelong education emphasizes that people must continue to receive education and study, constantly update their knowledge and maintain their adaptability throughout their lives. Its concept just meets the needs of the times, society and individuals. Therefore, once the concept of lifelong education is put forward, it will naturally receive unprecedented attention. People's demands for real life and self-realization are rising. After World War II, with the improvement of economic conditions, people gradually freed themselves from the plight of food, clothing, housing and transportation. With the popularity of electronic appliances, people can get rid of the drag of physical labor and housework, and modern people begin to have more free time. With the improvement of external conditions, people begin to pay attention to the enrichment of spiritual life and expect to achieve self-improvement through personal efforts. To achieve high-level and high-quality spiritual pursuit, it is difficult to achieve it by one-time school education, and it is only possible to complete it by relying on the support of lifelong education. 3. People demand a fundamental reform of the traditional school education and even the education system in order to expect a brand-new educational concept. Since the establishment of modern school education system, schools have played an irreplaceable role in cultivating and shaping the younger generation. However, since the 1960s, the contradictions and disadvantages of school education have been increasing day by day. For example, a large number of children play truant, campus violence, the intensification of exam competition, and the widening gap between schools and society caused by competition and emphasis on academic qualifications. In this case, people generally hope to fundamentally reform the old education system. Advocate the organic combination of school education, family education and social education (adult education), and open lifelong education will be welcomed by people. Iii. Characteristics of lifelong education 1. For life. This is the biggest feature of lifelong education. It breaks through the framework of conventional schools and regards education as a continuous learning process and the sum of all kinds of training received in a person's life, thus realizing the unity of the whole education process from preschool to old age. It includes formal education and informal education. It includes all stages and forms of the education system. 2. National character. The universality of lifelong education means that people who receive lifelong education include all people, regardless of gender, age, difference between rich and poor, race and gender. Albert, an education researcher in Hamburg, UNESCO, pointed out that lifelong education has the characteristics of democratization, and opposed educational knowledge to serve the so-called elite, so that ordinary people with multiple abilities can get educational opportunities equally. In fact, everyone in today's society should learn to survive, and learning to survive is inseparable from lifelong education, because survival and development are the mainstream of the times, and learning is necessary for survival, which is a new topic put forward by modern society for everyone. 3. Universality. Lifelong education includes not only family education, but also school education and social education. It can be said that it includes all stages of people, and it is education in all aspects, at all times and in all countries. Lifelong education has expanded the learning world and injected new vitality into the whole education. 4. Flexibility and practicality. Modern lifelong learning is flexible, which shows that anyone who needs to learn can receive any form of education anytime and anywhere. The time, place, content and method of study are all decided by individuals. People can choose the most suitable study according to their own characteristics and needs. Fourth, the practice of lifelong education in countries all over the world. Since the establishment of the theory of lifelong education, it has received universal attention from all countries. At present, the governments of many countries regard lifelong education as the general goal of their education reform, strive to bring lifelong education into the standardized channel, reorganize and design their own education systems based on the principle of lifelong education, and try to establish a large-scale lifelong education system that comprehensively implements lifelong education from kindergarten to senior university, from family education to enterprise education. 1. Formulate laws and regulations on lifelong education. Many countries have established the theory of lifelong education by legislation, which is regarded as the basic guiding ideology of current and future education development and reform. For example, Japan set up a lifelong learning bureau in 1988, and promulgated and implemented the law on the revitalization and maintenance of lifelong learning in 1990. In the United States, the Federal Bureau of Education set up a lifelong education bureau, and 1976 formulated and promulgated the Lifelong Learning Law. 197 1 year, the French national assembly formulated and passed a relatively perfect adult education law-lifelong vocational education law. 1984 passed a new continuing vocational education law, which made supplementary provisions on some issues. In the early 1980s, South Korea put lifelong education into the Constitution and implemented the lifelong education policy. The Federal Republic of Germany, Sweden, Canada and many other countries have also promulgated corresponding lifelong education laws. 2. Incorporate adult education into the whole lifelong education system. 1976 the Nairobi conference adopted the "proposal on developing adult education", proposing that adult education is a part of the whole lifelong education; Education is by no means limited to the school stage, but should be extended to all aspects of life and to all fields of skills and knowledge. Under the influence of this idea of lifelong education, governments all over the world regard adult education as the forerunner to promote the process of lifelong education, attach great importance to adult education, and guarantee the development of adult education through legislation. From 65438 to 0976, Norway was the first country in the world to pass the Adult Education Act, which regarded adult education as the basis of lifelong learning system and promoted the coordination and cooperation in various fields of adult education. 1982 south Korea promulgated the social (adult) education law, proposing the institutionalization of social (adult) education. The education plan adopted by the Federal Republic of Germany 1973 lists adult education as the fourth type of education alongside primary, secondary and higher education in general education. Many countries have taken many effective measures to ensure the implementation of adult education, such as: adopting flexible policies on admission conditions; Paid educational leave system; Economic assistance; Open adult credit accumulation courses, etc. 3. Change the closed structure of the school and open it to the society. Changing the closed structure of schools and forming an open and flexible educational structure is an important practice for all countries to promote lifelong education. 1995, Japan held a "lifelong learning review meeting" composed of celebrities from all walks of life, demanding that higher education institutions open their doors to the society and widely absorb working adults to study in higher education institutions. Adult universities in Japan have been included in the university plan, and some senior middle schools also hold public lectures, so that senior middle schools can open to the society and play the role of school cultural center. In the United States, especially after the 1960s, social colleges aiming at the development of school districts have been greatly developed, and their openness to adults has reached almost unlimited level. Many universities have set up open departments to carry out educational activities for "non-traditional students". Britain also has open universities and adult education departments, which provide adult education. In many European countries, universities provide people with opportunities for continuing education and re-education through public lectures, adult education centers and correspondence courses. 4. Develop various social education channels. Many countries consciously bring cultural organizations, community organizations, professional associations, enterprises and institutions into the lifelong education system, make full use of various social resources and facilities with educational strength and value, and integrate the educational society. 1988, Japan put forward the proposal of "transition to a lifelong education system", developing social education groups, establishing a learning information network, establishing a lifelong education system integrating family, society and school education, and bringing various scientific and cultural facilities such as cultural centers, libraries, museums and activity centers into the scope of education. Many non-educational institutions such as prisons, trade unions, military units and hospitals in the United States are also actively engaged in adult education. Many companies also provide regular training for their employees. Although all countries have made some achievements in the field of lifelong education, on the whole, lifelong education is still in the practical stage in all countries of the world, and no country has really established a complete lifelong education system. Enlightenment of lifelong education to primary and secondary education 1. First of all, primary and secondary school teachers should firmly establish the concept of lifelong education. Lifelong education is the education of knowledge renewal and innovation. The leading idea of lifelong education is to require everyone to have the ability to use all kinds of opportunities in life to update, deepen and further enrich the knowledge acquired at first, so as to adapt to the rapidly developing society. Every teacher must have the ability of self-development and self-improvement, constantly improve their own quality, constantly accept new knowledge and technology, constantly update their educational ideas, professional knowledge and ability structure, keep their educational ideas, knowledge systems and teaching methods up to date with the changes of the times, and improve their understanding of the latest development of education and disciplines. Lifelong learning ability is not only the requirement of social development for people, but also the requirement of educational reform for teachers' professional role. Imagine, if a teacher's own ideas and knowledge structure remain unchanged from beginning to end, how can he cultivate talents that meet the needs of society? Primary and secondary schools should first do a good job in training teachers, and teachers themselves need to have a correct attitude, keep learning, update their knowledge system and cultivate their abilities in all aspects. Secondly, it is very important for primary and secondary education to let students learn to learn, master learning methods and establish the concept of lifelong learning. Ordinary primary and secondary education is basic education, which includes the foundation of lifelong education. In the past, people divided education into formal education and informal education, general education and adult education, and thought that lifelong education was only the task of informal education or adult education. This is a big misunderstanding. Lifelong education is an educational idea, and the education system that embodies this idea is the lifelong education system. It runs through people's life, including all kinds of education at different stages of development from infancy to old age. General education should not only lay a good foundation for people's lifelong learning, but also undertake the task of continuing education.