First, the basic situation of Xinjiang geological environment monitoring institutions
Xinjiang Geological Environment Monitoring Institute is composed of Xinjiang Geological Environment Monitoring Institute (affiliated to Xinjiang Land and Resources Department) and 7 municipal monitoring stations (including 2 affiliated to Xinjiang Geological Environment Monitoring Institute, 4 affiliated to Xinjiang Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, and affiliated to National Bureau of Land and Resources 1). There are 83 employees, including 65 professional and technical personnel (20 with senior titles and 26 with intermediate titles).
Present situation of geological environment monitoring institutions and teams in Xinjiang
National geological environment monitoring capacity building
From left to right: Vice President and Chief Engineer, Party Secretary Ren Zhuoxin, Dean Wei and Vice President.
Xinjiang Geological Environment Monitoring Station was established in 1990, and was then managed by the First Hydrological Team of Xinjiang Geological Bureau. In 2002, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Geological Environment Monitoring Institute was established, which is a full budget management institution directly under the Department of Land and Resources of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. The main responsibilities are: to undertake the construction, operation, maintenance and management of the autonomous region's geological environment monitoring network, the operational guidance of the geological disaster monitoring and prevention network, the prediction and early warning of geological disasters, and the relevant investigation and comprehensive research on the national and autonomous region's public welfare, basic geological environment monitoring and geological disaster prevention. It provides scientific basis for the government to make decisions on land resources planning, management, protection and rational development and utilization, and provides public welfare services such as geological environment information for national economic and social development. Accept the business guidance of the superior business department and be responsible for the business guidance of seven monitoring stations in the region.
The main responsibility of the municipal monitoring station is to be responsible for the construction, operation and maintenance management of the regional geological environment monitoring network in this area, as well as the relevant investigation and comprehensive research on the monitoring of the municipal geological environment and the prevention and control of geological disasters.
The second is the construction of monitoring outlets.
At present, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region mainly carries out monitoring work in two aspects: groundwater and sudden geological disasters.
Groundwater monitoring in Xinjiang began in the late 1950s. At present, the monitoring area of groundwater in Xinjiang is 13079 km2, with a total of 389 monitoring points. Among them, the groundwater level monitoring points are composed of national, provincial and prefecture-level monitoring points, with a total of 329 * * (22 national, 232 provincial and 75 prefecture-level monitoring points), including 60 automatic monitoring points; Water quality monitoring points 126 (all at the provincial level, of which individual monitoring points are 5 1 and the rest are at the same water level); 8 monitoring points of spring water and karez; Surface water level monitoring points 1 unit. The groundwater level and water temperature are monitored manually, and the monitoring tools are clock, multimeter and common thermometer. National monitoring points are monitored on 5th, 10 and 25th every month, and provincial and municipal monitoring points are monitored on 4th, 15 or 15 every month. Spring flow monitoring mainly adopts weir metering or current meter metering, and the metering is 1 time per month. At present, 65 automatic water level monitors have been installed in the whole region.
There is a groundwater balance test site in this area-Changji groundwater balance test site. Changji equilibrium test site was put into formal observation on 1992. The existing monitoring instruments include penetrometer, neutron instrument, negative pressure instrument, E60 1 evaporating dish, 20m2 water evaporation pool, geothermal instrument and a complete set of ground meteorological observation equipment. Observation items include: water surface evaporation, phreatic water evaporation, precipitation (irrigation) infiltration, ground temperature, air pressure, humidity, sunshine, frozen soil, and 12m high self-recording wind speed.
Geological disaster monitoring stations are mainly distributed in geological disaster-prone areas, mainly sudden geological disaster monitoring stations. Sudden geological disaster monitoring network consists of professional geological disaster monitoring points and geological disaster monitoring points. At present, the autonomous region * * * has established more than 2,800 monitoring points for the prevention and control of geological disasters, which are monitored regularly by monitoring personnel; There are 3 professional monitoring points for sudden geological disasters under construction (2 landslides, 1 landslide and debris flow).
Automatic monitoring and transmission equipment for groundwater
Three, monitoring equipment (equipment) equipped with the status quo
Xinjiang geological environment monitoring instruments (equipment) mainly include: 5 vehicles; 65 automatic groundwater monitors (62 TD-Diver, 2 CTD-Diver and 3 Barbao barometric monitors); 62 sets of groundwater data transmission equipment; Geological hazard monitoring equipment 16 sets (including fracture extensometer 15 sets and borehole inclinometer 1 set).
At present, the quality of geological environment monitoring equipment is relatively stable and reliable, the operation is basically normal, the data transmission is accurate and timely, the data processing is accurate and advanced, and the experimental test results are scientific and reliable.
Four. Information construction
(A) the geological disaster meteorological forecast and early warning and remote emergency consultation system construction
In order to meet the needs of meteorological forecast and early warning of geological disasters, Xinjiang Geological Environment Monitoring Institute set up a working group and consultation room for meteorological forecast and early warning of geological disasters in 2003, equipped with special forecasting and early warning computers and special forecasting lines, which provided places and equipment for information transmission, release, consultation and product production. It is planned to develop the geological disaster forecasting and early warning and remote emergency consultation system in 2009-2010, and establish a comprehensive system integrating the collection, transmission, management, analysis, decision-making and release of geological disaster information in Xinjiang, so as to form a visual consultation platform with the Meteorological Observatory of the autonomous region and the Geological Environment Monitoring Institute of China, so as to improve the level and accuracy of geological disaster forecasting and early warning.
(2) Geological environment information network construction
The external network and internal network of Xinjiang Geological Environment Monitoring Institute have been initially established, and the professional website of Xinjiang Geological Environment Information and the "unified portal sub-website" of Xinjiang land and resources are under construction. It is expected that 20 10 will be officially put into operation.
(3) Geological environment database construction and data management.
At present, Xinjiang Geological Environment Monitoring Institute has established groundwater monitoring management information system, geological disaster investigation and zoning database,1:200,000 hydrogeologic map spatial database,1:50,000 key cities and development zones (Urumqi) comprehensive spatial database, and Xinjiang small-scale (1:1.50,000) water environment spatial database. The spatial database of geological environment is under construction.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) mainly monitors results and services.
/kloc-since 0/0, the geological environment monitoring institutions of the autonomous region have undertaken the geological environment monitoring work in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and submitted a large number of geological environment monitoring results. At the same time, they have completed a large number of large-scale land and resources survey projects, two-right use fee projects of the Department of Land and Resources of the autonomous region, Sino-foreign cooperation projects and other geological survey projects, including: groundwater resources evaluation, regional environmental geological survey, mine geological environment survey and evaluation, geological disaster investigation and zoning, etc.
In July 2003, the Department of Land and Resources of the Autonomous Region and the Meteorological Bureau jointly launched the meteorological forecast and early warning of geological disasters in Xinjiang. Since 2003, Xinjiang Radio Station has issued more than 70 geological disaster forecasts of magnitude 4 or above, which has provided more timely geological disaster prevention information for governments at all levels and all walks of life, and achieved remarkable results in disaster prevention and mitigation.
Geological disaster forecasting and early warning room
Since 2005, automatic monitoring of groundwater in Xinjiang has been implemented. At present, an automatic monitoring network covering the monitoring area of Urumqi has been established, which greatly improves the efficiency and level of groundwater monitoring and provides a decision-making basis for assisting governments at all levels to better perform their duties of geological environment supervision and management.
One of the Sino-Dutch (Sino-Dutch) cooperative projects "Capacity Building of China Groundwater Information Center", "Research on groundwater monitoring network optimization, water flow model and groundwater information system in Urumqi River Basin", is of great significance to the optimization of groundwater monitoring network, groundwater level prediction and groundwater information system management in inland arid areas of northern China, and also provides an important scientific basis for the formulation of groundwater monitoring layout and the rational development and utilization of groundwater in Urumqi River Basin.
These basic work achievements provide basic scientific basis for the evaluation, development and utilization of groundwater resources, prevention and control of geological disasters, geological environment protection planning and mine geological environment restoration and management in Xinjiang. In addition, the geological environment monitoring institutions of the autonomous region have made full use of their own professional and technical advantages and combined with the needs of local economic development to carry out more than 10 social service projects, such as geological disaster risk assessment of construction projects, mineral resources reserves assessment covered by construction projects, mine geological environment protection schemes, groundwater monitoring research and application, etc. This not only makes up for the gap in the cost of geological environment monitoring in the autonomous region, but also plays a positive role in promoting local economic development.
Legal construction of intransitive verbs
Regulations on Geological Environment Protection in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region was promulgated on 0. 1.2002+0. 1.00.
2. On May 3, 2002, Kloc-0, the Regulations on Groundwater Resources Management in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region was promulgated.
3.1July 1996 18 promulgated the Measures for the Administration of Groundwater Resources Exploration in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.
4. In July, 2004, the Geological Disaster Prevention and Control Plan of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (2000-20 15) was promulgated and implemented.