What is the psychological process of children? Children's psychological development is a process from quantitative change to qualitative change, and its development has obvious stages. There are differences between quantitative change and qualitative change at different stages of development. What is the psychological process of children?
Children's psychological process includes which 1 baby's brain is equivalent to 75% of that of adults, the brain structure is further improved, the cortical inhibition function continues to develop, and the cortical regulation function to the subcortical is strengthened, which provides physiological conditions for children's psychological development.
First of all, action
After two years old, you can run, jump, climb high, go upstairs and downstairs alone, and jump on one foot when you are three years old. Some complicated movements and fine hand movements have also developed. I take part in some basic life activities, such as eating, dressing, holding toys and some The Imitation Game.
Second, language.
The child's language ability is obviously enhanced. After a year and a half, they can speak many sentences because of the increase in the number of words. By the age of three, they can speak simple sentences and some complex sentences, and even look at pictures, tell stories and sing children's songs.
Third, cognitive emotion.
I have been able to distinguish several basic colors, up, down, far and near, and understand the concepts of time and space. At this time, it is the development of unintentional attention and the bud of intentional attention. However, attention is extremely unstable, and there are simple and direct thinking and imagination in the activities, and basically all kinds of emotions have been possessed. But very unstable, I began to have more complicated emotional experiences, such as happiness and empathy.
Fourth, personality characteristics.
Children's will begins to develop, and their independence and self-awareness are enhanced. Children communicate with adults through various activities or games, and gradually develop various psychological processes.
What is the psychological process of children? 2. Mental health education for children in small classes.
1, to guide parents to carry out mental health education in the process of children's cognitive training.
The cognitive psychology of small class children's health is manifested in the process of keeping in touch with the surrounding world with curious eyes and happy mood and constantly actively adapting to life. However, if children aged 3-4 often show no obvious curiosity and thirst for knowledge, are inactive and look at things silently, that is, they can't reach some of the above cognitive development indicators, then they can think that cognitive psychology is not healthy enough.
For such children, parents should take a series of measures to cultivate their understanding interest.
Protect children's sensory and physiological organs: eyes, nose, ears, hands, mouth, etc. Train the sensitivity of organs in various ways to make them flexible and agile. Such as: playing with children with colored crayons; Tap all kinds of utensils with chopsticks to let children listen and distinguish colors; Homemade toys let children spell figures and fill in various triangles, circles and squares, so as to understand and master these figures; Sing with children, read children's songs and play games to develop children's language ability.
Correctly inspire children to ask questions, actively answer their questions, and protect their curiosity. Nowadays, many parents are too busy with work and life to answer their children's questions. Parents push each other, but it is precisely because of this negligence that the child's nascent thirst for knowledge is stifled. There are still some children whose language expression is not ideal enough. They want to ask questions but their words are not satisfactory. Parents should cultivate them step by step.
Protect innocence and create conditions to attract children's attention, thus stimulating children's curiosity and desire to explore. If there are three pots of plants on the balcony, adults can show them to their children and ask, "Who has the roundest and sharpest leaves?" What kind of leaves are the thickest? Which is the thinnest? What kind of leaves are the greenest? "... the living environment is a big classroom for cultivating children. Oral communication between parents and children can not only correct language mistakes, but also impart knowledge, enlighten thinking, protect mental health and enhance feelings. Why not?
2. Guide parents to educate their children on mental health in the process of emotional cultivation.
Under the corresponding conditions, small-class children can naturally produce these basic emotional forms, such as emotions, joys and sorrows, and have initial social feelings such as empathy, responsibility and morality. However, the emotional development of small class children also has certain limitations. Impulsiveness, emotional instability, emotional exposure and poor control ability belong to the normal psychological level of children.
In the family, children in small classes can cultivate good emotions in appropriate ways.
Develop a scientific and reasonable life system for children, enrich life content and make children happy. Because children live in a lively and diverse environment, it is not only beneficial to children's health, but also can make children active, lively, energetic and cheerful, try to avoid monotonous and boring activities and prevent children from having unpleasant and disgusting emotions.
Parents should set an example in dealing with others and exert a subtle influence on their children. Children in small classes are imitative and easily infected. Parents' attitudes towards things around them are influencing their children all the time, directly affecting their moral and emotional development.
What is the psychological process of children? 3 How to cultivate children's mental health?
1, create a good environment
Kindergarten is the pillar of preschool education system and plays a guiding role in preschool children's education. Kindergarten environment includes physical environment, psychological environment, language environment and other multi-level and multi-faceted contents. Children should be provided with innovative, inspiring and guiding equipment, materials, toys, articles, etc. According to the educational purpose. When adjusting the environment, we should always enrich, supplement and communicate, so as to stimulate children's enthusiasm, initiative and creativity for knowledge and curiosity, meet their psychological needs for operation and exploration, and make every child living in this environment feel safe, happy, self-respecting and confident, so as to succeed.
For example, children in new small classes have strong emotional attachment to close people, and when they are separated from them, they will have separation anxiety more or less. At the same time, some children cry when they see others crying, and others laugh when they laugh, which leads to emotional instability. At this time, we will prepare something that can attract children's attention, such as colorful plush toys, or put pictures of children and parents in the classroom, set up several "doll houses" activity areas, and dress up the classroom as a family. In daily activities, we often hug and touch children, help them get dressed and take off their shoes, pat them to sleep, show them closeness and caress with actions, expressions and other ways, enhance their own sense of security and trust in teachers, so that their physical and mental needs can be continuously met, so that children will not cry, but will like kindergarten life.
2. Play the game function
In practice, we realize that not all games are effective for mental health education. Children's mental health education games should be targeted and targeted. Through games, children can experience the joy of being gregarious, enhance their gregarious consciousness and improve their cooperative ability. In role games, children learn how to get along with their peers through the establishment of the theme of the game, the choice of roles and the unfolding of the plot, and their self-awareness has been well developed.
3. Positive guidance
According to the actual development level and individual differences of children in this class, we should formulate practical activity goals, choose appropriate activity content and make full preparations, including material preparation and knowledge preparation. In educational activities, we should use encouraging methods to guide children differently from person to person, so that children can show self-confidence and initiative.
Teachers should widely collect information about children in kindergartens and families, be good at discovering the advantages of children, treat children with a positive attitude, and evaluate children objectively, concretely and clearly. For example, use the time to enter and leave the park, home visits, open activities, etc. Ask parents about their children's emotional and behavioral performance at home and affirm their advantages in time. In daily activities, children are often guided to talk about what progress they and their peers have made, and praise and encourage their progress. At the same time, guide children to compare less with others and more with themselves, pointing out both his good points and his shortcomings. Let children evaluate themselves correctly and form a healthy self-awareness.
4. Pay attention to individual differences
Every child has his own characteristics. While paying attention to children's mental health, we must pay close attention to children's individual mental health and implement personalized education. Individual counseling can be conducted, and parents, experts and psychotherapy should be contacted for children with outstanding problems.