Shenyang is the second city in China with world cultural heritage after Beijing, and it is the first batch of excellent tourist cities in China. Shenyang is also the central city of central Liaoning urban agglomeration and the central city of Pan-Northeast China. The central Liaoning urban agglomeration economic zone, built by Shenyang, Anshan, Fushun, Benxi, Liaoyang, Tieling, Yingkou and other cities, is being fully integrated in transportation, trade circulation, foreign investment, tourism development, ecological environment and information exchange, and will become an important financial, logistics and cultural center in economic interaction in Northeast Asia. In 2004, Shenyang was rated as one of the most dynamic 10 cities in China, and "city of vitality" became the slogan of Shenyang tourism promotion. Shenyang also won the title of "Eco-city" in China. In 2005, Shenyang won the second title of "Forest City" in China after Guiyang. On September 1 day, 2004, the 56th Congress of the World Horticultural Producers Association announced that the 2006 World Horticultural Exposition would be held in Shenyang, the northern industrial city of China, following the 1999 Kunming World Horticultural Exposition, which showed the image of Shenyang at a higher level and further enhanced its status as a city.
Shenyang is located in the south of northeast China and the middle of Liaoning Province. It is located at l 122 degrees east longitude-0/23 degrees north latitude. East-west width115km, north-south length 205km, and area12980km2. At present, Shenyang has jurisdiction over 9 districts 1 city counties, including 5 districts (Heping District, Dadong District, Huanggu District, Tiexi District and Shenhe District) and 4 suburbs, namely Shenbei New District (formerly Xinchengzi District), Dongling District, Yuhong District, Sujiatun District and 1 county-level city (xinmin city). The total population I is 7.204 million. More than 30 ethnic groups, including Han, Manchu, Hui, Mongolian, Korean and Xibe, live here.
The landform of Shenyang is mainly plain with flat terrain, with an average elevation of about 50 meters. Mountain hills are concentrated in the northeast and southeast, and belong to the extension of Liaodong hills. The western part is the alluvial plain of Liaohe River and Hunhe River, and the terrain is slowly inclined from northeast to southwest. The highest altitude in the city is 447.2 meters, which is in Faku County. The lowest altitude is 5.3 meters, Yujiafang Town, Liaozhong County.
Shenyang is rich in mineral resources. There are 2/kloc-0 kinds of minerals such as coal, oil, natural gas and iron, 7 kinds of minerals with proven reserves and 42 producing areas. The reserves of energy and mineral resources rank first in Liaoning.
Shenyang belongs to temperate monsoon continental climate, with cold and dry winter, north wind and northwest wind, high temperature and rainy summer, south wind and southwest wind, and large temperature difference between winter and summer. The annual average temperature is 8.5 degrees Celsius, the hottest month is July, and the average temperature is 24 degrees Celsius. O ~ C, the highest in Leng Yue is 65438+ 10 month, the average temperature is-12.8 ~ C, the annual average precipitation is about 760mm, and the seasonal distribution is uneven, accounting for more than 50% of the annual precipitation from June to August. Shenyang can travel all year round. Autumn in Shenyang is crisp and crisp, which is the best tourist season in Shenyang. Winter ice and snow tourism is another major feature of Shenyang.
Shenyang, located on the north bank of Hunhe River, was called Shenshui in ancient times. In ancient times, the north shore of water was the sun, hence the name Shenyang. Shenyang has a long history. As early as 7200 years ago, primitive humans cultivated, fished and hunted here, and created a new music culture in Shenyang. In 300 BC (the 12th year of Yan Zhaowang), Qin Kai, a famous soldier of Yan State, stationed troops here and established the Houcheng, which was the beginning of Shenyang's urban construction. Shenyang belonged to Liaodong County in Qin Dynasty. During the Western Han Dynasty, Shenyang was an important military town in Northeast China, ruled by a captain. +0 in 65438 BC
In 2008 (the third year of Han Yuanfeng), it was under the jurisdiction of Xuantu County. In 92 1 year (the sixth year of Liao Shenshu), Shen Zhou was established in Shenyang, and a clay city was built. At the beginning of13rd century, Jin Yuan surrendered and the Shicheng in China was destroyed. 1296 (in the second year of Yuan Dynasty), Shen Zhou was changed to Shenyang Road, which was once recorded in history books and rebuilt as a Tucheng. At this time, Shenyang has become a transportation hub, commodity trading center and cultural link inside and outside the customs, and is one of the important towns in Northeast China. 1372 (the fifth year of Ming Hongwu), the Ming army conquered Shenyang, 1386, Shenyang Road was changed to Shenyang Zhongwei. In order to strengthen the defense, 1388 built a new brick city on the basis of the earth city in the Yuan Dynasty, with four gates in the southeast and northwest, and a "ten" street was built in the city to lead to each gate. At this time, there were three markets near Shenyang, namely Kaiyuan, Guangning and Fushun, which further promoted the development of commerce and handicrafts in Shenyang. 162 1 year (in the sixth year of Qing dynasty), the late Jin king Nurhachi led the troops to capture Shenyang, and in 1625, he moved the capital from Liaoyang to Shenyang, widened and heightened the brick city of Ming Dynasty, changed four doors into eight doors, and changed the "Ten" street into "Jing" street in the city, thus building a large-scale city with distinctive national style. 1634 (the eighth year of Qing tiancong), Huang taiji changed Shenyang to Shengjing. After the Qing regime moved its capital to Beijing in 1644 (the first year of Qing Shunzhi), it took Shenyang as its capital, and set up Fengtianfu in Shenyang in 1657 (the fourteenth year of Qing Shunzhi), which meant "bearing in the sky", which is the origin of Shenyang's nickname. 1923 In August, Fengtian designated Shenyang County and Shangbu District as urban areas, and formally established the Fengtian Municipal Government, which was the first time that Shenyang took the city as its organizational system. 1On June 3, 928, Zhang Xueliang came to power after Feng warlord Zhang was killed by the Japanese army at Sandong Bridge in Huanggutun, Shenyang. On February 29th of the same year 1929, it was announced that "Northeast was renamed", and on April 2nd, Fengtian was renamed as Shenyang. 193 1 year, Japanese imperialism launched the "September 18th Incident" and occupied Shenyang, turning Shenyang into a ruined city. 1945 After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War in August, the Eighth Route Army stationed in Shenyang, and Fengtian restored the name of Shenyang. 1948165438+1October 2, Shenyang was liberated.
After the founding of New China, Shenyang, as a heavy industry base in China, has made important historical contributions to building a complete national industrial system and enhancing economic strength and national defense strength. The first 200 kV transformer, the first 2,500-ton tower crane, the first jet fighter and the first underwater robot in New China were born here. Numerous brilliant achievements of Shenyang industry have been recorded in the history of China's development. At present, Shenyang has formed a complete industrial system based on mechanical processing, including metallurgy, chemical industry, medicine, textile, electronics, automobile, aviation, building materials and other industries, with strong comprehensive processing capacity and complete sets of capabilities. In recent years, Shenyang has persisted in deepening reform, made more remarkable achievements in expanding development, and significantly enhanced its comprehensive strength. Shenyang, together with Beijing and Shanghai, has become China among the 4/kloc-0 most competitive cities in the world selected by the World Bank.
Shenyang is the largest aviation, railway, highway and transportation operation center in Northeast China. Shenyang Taoxian International Airport is the largest hub airport in Northeast China, and its air traffic network level is second only to Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou. Shenyang is also the largest railway hub in Northeast China, and the density of railway network ranks first in China. The expressway from Shenyang to Dalian runs through seven cities in Liaodong Peninsula, closely linking Shenyang with urban agglomerations and port cities in central Liaoning. Shenyang is also the largest information center and communication hub in Northeast China.
Shenyang is a famous tourist city with rich and colorful tourist landscapes and many places of interest. Shenyang's "One Palace and Two Mausoleums" (Qing Palace, Fuling and Zhaoling) has great influence at home and abroad. It was listed in the World Heritage List at the 28th World Heritage Committee on July 1 2004 and became a world cultural heritage. Other tourism resources in Shenyang are also very distinctive, mainly including Qipanshan International Scenic Tourism Development Zone, Zhangshishuaifu, September 18th History Museum, Xinmin "Agriculture, Countryside and Farmers" Expo Park, Shenyang Ancient Meteorite, Shenyang Manchu Folk Village, Shenyang Guaipo, Shenyang Temple, Imperial Temple, and the remains of some celebrities' former residences during the Republic of China. Shenyang is also a gourmet city, famous for its "Chinese famous snacks", such as jiaozi in Laobian and Majia steamed dumplings. There are also Manchu-Han banquet, braised pot elbow and local famous dishes in the style of Liao cuisine, which is one of the major cuisines in Liaoning 10.
Shenyang once had the glory and long history of a famous historical and cultural city, and also had the glory and pride of an important industrial town in China. Today, the banner of reform and opening up and the national policy of revitalizing the old industrial base in Northeast China have added more gorgeous colors and powerful impetus to Shenyang. The bright future of a modern metropolis has inspired more than 7.2 million Shenyang people to forge ahead, enter the world and open up the future.