As mentioned at the beginning of the article, the spectacled bear is distributed in South America and lives in Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and the northwest of Argentina. The ecological environment of spectacled bears is diverse. Although they seem to prefer to stay in the humid alpine dense forest at an altitude of 1, 900-2,350 meters, they can live happily whether it is rain forest, fog forest, arid forest, grassland with sparse trees or coastal desert with low shrubs.
Eyeglasses bear is an omnivore and likes fruits very much, especially pineapples. Their jaws are very strong, and the ease of chewing pineapple can only be envied by other animals. Perhaps because of this, pineapple accounts for a considerable proportion in their diet, close to 50%. In order to pick fruits, they will climb trees or tall cacti, the climbing height is over 10 meter, and they can flexibly climb directly from one tree to another. In the season when the fruit is about to mature, they even wait for three or four days in the tree, waiting for their beloved delicious food. Of course, fruit is not available every season. On other days, they will look for other foods, such as berries, cactus, honey, plant roots and sugar cane. In addition, in order to enrich their diet, they also prey on small rodents, birds and insects. If they don't eat much, they will sneak up on cows, which is roughly estimated to account for about 4% of the diet.
The spectacled bear is a rather mysterious animal to us humans. They usually move in the morning or at night and sleep in tree holes, caves or tree trunks during the day. Glass bears are good at climbing, so they are also happy to spend more time in trees. Sometimes they simply make a nest on the tree and can lie comfortably in the nest until the fruit is ripe. Glass bears don't need to hibernate either, probably because there are abundant food sources here and they don't stop all year round.
The love season of spectacled bears is about April-June every year. Like-minded couples will stay together for a few days, during which they will mate several times. The crystallization of their love usually comes to earth from June 165438+ 10 to February of the following year, and the pregnancy lasts for 6-8 months. So long pregnancy may also be due to the delayed implantation phenomenon of fertilized eggs. Delayed implantation of fertilized eggs is very helpful for the baby's future growth. After all, no one wants to come into this world when food is scarce and suffer in vain. A female spectacled bear will have 1-3 children at a time. These children are pitifully small at birth, weighing only 300-360 grams. Their eyes will open in about 42 days, and they can walk outside with their mother when they are 3 months old. After living independently, the sexual maturity of female bears is about 4 to 7 years old (male bears, we humans have not studied ~: P)
Because there is little research on wild spectacled bears, it is impossible to know their life span. The life span of a captive spectacled bear is about 20-25 years. There was once a man who lived for a long time, for 35 years.
Although spectacled bears are quite docile animals, they don't make trouble everywhere. Even if they are angry, there is no record of killing them. These unlucky guys were still killed by humans. Because their meat, hair, blood and bones can be sold for money, how can human beings give up this great opportunity? Nowadays, with the gradual reduction of habitats, their settlements are gradually divided, forming a number of "islands", which makes the future of these animals even more worrying. It is estimated that there are less than 2000 wild spectacled bears in the world. Despite this, the protection measures of governments for spectacled bears are still extremely limited. Those national parks lack sufficient financial support, and local governments protect farmers' interests, so that some farmers are allowed to use those protected lands. I really hope that these cute little people with dark circles like pandas will finally get the good luck of pandas.
At present, CITES has listed the spectacled bear in Appendix I, while IUCN has listed it as "endangered".