Since ancient times, the assessment and selection of officials has been a difficult problem. Successive dynasties have spared no effort to explore a selection method that best embodies "justice and fairness" and can effectively select truly "upright" managers for the country. Looking back on the development of the imperial examination system, we can see that it is an effective way to select people through examinations. Several major dynasties in China feudal society discovered, selected and appointed talents through imperial examinations. Although this system of selecting and employing people, like any system at home and abroad, is bound to have certain limitations, and it was once criticized and accused from all sides, but we should see that this system actually has a very reasonable and scientific core. First of all, selecting candidates through examinations can provide a relatively "fair" competitive platform for people with lofty ideals from all walks of life, so that they have the opportunity to stand out and serve the country. Secondly, selecting candidates through examinations will greatly expand the selection scope of administrative talents, solve the problem of "small entrance" of administrative talents to a certain extent, and make up for the shortcomings of the traditional "appointment system". Finally, to "test" according to the principle of "appointing people on their merits" can prevent cronyism to a certain extent and help to form a "fair and just" talent selection environment. ?
It should be said that passing the exam can largely reflect a person's knowledge, ability and ideological quality. Because at least through the exam, we can accurately judge whether this person usually pays attention to "stressing learning" and whether he pays attention to observation and thinking about practice. At the same time, we can also understand this person's cultivation, knowledge structure, personality, perspective, method and ability to deal with problems. History has also proved that the vast majority of people selected through the imperial examinations are not "nerds" with high marks and low energy. In fact, in the imperial examinations again and again, groups of knowledgeable, ambitious, talented and promising people have emerged, such as Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan, Ouyang Xiu, Wang Anshi, Fan Zhongyan, Kou Zhun, Bao Zheng, Zhang and many others. Of course, while affirming the rationality and scientificity of candidates in the examination, we should also learn from the experience and lessons of the imperial examination system. In the current administrative talent selection examination, in order to comprehensively evaluate everyone with scientific methods, we must be alert to the emergence of an examination form like "eight-part essay", which is divorced from reality, stifles creativity and cultivates candidates' ability to follow the rules. ?
"Having both ability and political integrity" is the unified standard for selecting talents in almost all countries since ancient times, but the key problem lies in how to judge and operate in reality. Compared with the assessment of "talent", the assessment of "virtue" is the most difficult to grasp. At present, the selection of administrative talents also attaches great importance to the examination of "virtue", but it mainly examines the mastery and familiarity with Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and current affairs and politics by means of answering questions by endorsement. The difference between this and the imperial examination system is only the content of "back" and "answer". For an administrative talent, in addition to political ethics, it should also include professional ethics, social ethics and family virtues. Paying attention to political morality while ignoring the other three aspects is at least imperfect and unscientific, and it is impossible to ensure that the selected talents have the comprehensive "morality" needed for useful and effective use of power. Therefore, in the assessment of "virtue", we should strive to explore more scientific and reasonable evaluation methods, methods and means, increase the quantitative proportion and operability, and make the assessment of "virtue" more fair and scientific. When selecting administrative talents, we should focus on the requirements of "morality" and "talent" according to different environments and different positions. ?
4? Scientific, democratic and strict supervision mechanism is the guarantee of selecting administrative talents. ?
Looking back on the positive role of the imperial examination system in talent selection in ancient China, combined with the current social development, we can still see that it is undoubtedly a more scientific and reasonable model to select talents through examination and competition, but without the corresponding supervision and restriction mechanism, it can only be an empty decoration, and may even create conditions and foundations for "legal" abuse of power. Therefore, although the imperial examination system has relatively perfect examination rules and anti-fraud measures, there are still quite a few phenomena such as fraud, favoritism, corruption and bribery, one of which is the lack of scientific and strict supervision mechanism. Therefore, in the selection of administrative talents, it is still possible to select "mediocre talents" or "quasi-corrupt officials" if only perfect examination methods and rules are emphasized without follow-up management measures, perfect supervision and restriction mechanism and the rule of law. Therefore, in order to ensure the fairness, justice and rationality of the assessment, it is necessary to establish a scientific, democratic and strict supervision and restriction mechanism. ?
5? Active "talent hunting" is a supplement to the selection method of administrative talents. ?
There is not much difference between the ancient imperial examination system and the current civil servant recruitment examination system, that is, through the principles of examination, fair competition and "survival of the fittest", trying to obtain talents from a wide range of sources in all sectors of society. Looking at the development history of talent selection at home and abroad, we can see that this system is indeed more scientific and reasonable than other traditional methods. However, we should also see that whether it is the imperial examination system or the civil service recruitment examination system, they often "wait" for candidates to "take the initiative" to sign up for the examination by publishing examination information, stipulating examination contents and formulating employment standards, and then select talents from among many candidates, from which we can still see the "official standard" in the traditional sense of our country. Undoubtedly, through this selection method, many people of insight stand out and eventually become the pillars of the country. Despite this, some "talents" will still be unable to "show their faces" on their own initiative because of poor information circulation, too many selection levels, secular prejudice, self-esteem, etc., and will eventually be excluded from the scope of talent selection. In this part of talents, there are often outstanding people who are "helpful to the world", "helpful to the country and peaceful", such as Jiang Ziya and Zhuge Liang in ancient times. Therefore, while the examination system, appointment system and employment system are widely used to select and appoint administrative personnel, it is necessary for the government to establish a corresponding "talent hunting" mechanism, "take the initiative" and "have a clear aim" to maximize the selection and appointment of useful administrative personnel. Today, the concepts of "talent resource is the first resource" and "talent development is the first development" have been formed. We should adhere to the principle of "lowering talents without sticking to one pattern" and seek a breakthrough in the selection of administrative talents with new ideas and new models. At this point, the "talent hunting" system, which has always been highly valued by the business community, is worth learning.
The imperial examination system lasted for more than 1300 years after its establishment, and it was not abolished until the end of feudal society in China, which fully demonstrated that it was the most mature and perfect talent selection system in ancient China. Under the background of deepening the reform of the cadre and personnel system in China, we should objectively and fairly analyze the ancient imperial examination system with the scientific attitude of "making the past serve the present and making foreign things serve China", discard its dross and extract its essence, and find out more useful experiences and lessons for us to select administrative talents today. "Politics is important", and selecting excellent administrative talents is the premise to ensure the normal operation of the whole administrative system. In order to have sufficient administrative talent resources and form a situation in which talents come forth in large numbers, we need to make a more in-depth and concrete study on the establishment of the "discerning and knowing people" administrative talent selection system.
Talent cannot be without virtue, and a person without virtue cannot be called talent.
"Both civil and military", having both ability and political integrity, is the talent. Both ability and political integrity are indispensable, which is also the fundamental criterion for selecting leading cadres. Talent is really important, and it is the basis for the entrepreneurship of officers; But morality is more crucial. Without morality, we can't stand on our feet. Virtue without talent can be molded, and talent without virtue will harm the healthy development of the cause.
Adhering to "having both ability and political integrity" is the fundamental criterion for selecting and appointing cadres in the new period. "Virtue" refers to the cultivation of personal quality, ethics and political morality, while "talent" refers to talent, ability and knowledge. What an individual has is mainly composed of knowledge, intelligence and skills. Virtue and ability are a complete unity, which cannot be separated and neglected. Virtue without talent makes no talent. Although you faithfully carry out the orders, it will inevitably affect the development of your career. Talents without virtue are not only unqualified talents, on the contrary, if they are reused, they will form a situation of treachery and arrogance, which will eventually lead to the defeat or destruction of their careers. Only having both ability and political integrity are qualified talents and outstanding leading cadres. But compared with talent, virtue is the premise, and virtue should be the dominant.
As the saying goes: virtue without virtue will spoil things, and talent without virtue will spoil things. The correct selection and use of cadres is very important for strengthening the construction of cadres. If a cadre misuses it, the cause of the party and the people will be delayed. Comrade Ai Feng, former director of the editorial department of People's Daily, believes that an official should be a man first, and official products come from personal morality, which is higher than ordinary personal morality. Pointed out: "A good person is not necessarily a good official, but a good official must be a good person. To be honest, to have Kaku Takashina, to have high taste and high quality, you can be an official honestly. " . Being an official is a serious matter, which requires that the official must have noble sentiments and good character. For the official benefit. If a person with bad character is an official, it is unthinkable to ask him to be fair and upright and serve the people wholeheartedly. They often attach great importance to job promotion and grab power by hook or by crook. He is good at speculation, networking, entering through the back door, engaging in personal attachment, sharpening his head and arching upward, and trying his best to seek official positions. But he is not serious about how to be a man. Once in power as an official, it is bound to be a corrupt official who deceives his superiors and deceives his subordinates, practices fraud, and harms the country and the people by greedy power. Wang is an example.
Having both ability and political integrity is the basic principle of selecting and employing people, but the first thing to look at is morality. Examine political morality, stand and viewpoint, whether to unswervingly implement the party's line, principles and policies, whether to adhere to the purpose of serving the people wholeheartedly, and whether to establish a correct world outlook, outlook on life and values. See if you are law-abiding, conscientious, self-disciplined and introspective about your words and deeds, always be upright and upright, and maintain noble moral sentiments. Secondly, look at the ability to organize, coordinate, analyze and solve problems. Treacherous and immoral villains must not be reused or promoted. Therefore, to be a good person, to be an official, to be moral, to be honest and self-disciplined, and not to engage in crooked ways and intrigue. We cannot be different from our predecessors, nor can we be different from each other. We can't have double standards and be "two-faced". But to be honest, to be consistent in appearance, to speak with your heart, and to be consistent in words and deeds. Carry forward the moral virtues of unity and friendship of the Chinese nation and maintain the fine tradition of serving the public and the people wholeheartedly. Be "a noble person, a pure person, a moral person, a person who is free from vulgar tastes and beneficial to the people". Be a good official who benefits the people.
The philosopher Dante once said: Morality can often fill the defects of wisdom, but wisdom can never fill the defects of morality. A person with a weak sense of moral superiority can improve his talents through hard work; A person with talent and no virtue is enough to defeat great things. Therefore, the selection of leaders should adhere to the criteria of having both ability and political integrity and putting morality first.