In recent years, the state regards the construction of water conservancy projects as one of the long-term unremitting work priorities, and continuously increases the investment in water conservancy projects. Faced with this situation, how to make rational use of the state's investment in water conservancy projects and build high-quality projects with high quality and low cost has put forward higher requirements for the bidding work of water conservancy projects. As a construction enterprise, whether it can win the bid with a reasonable and accurate bid quotation is the key to the survival and development of the enterprise. I. Procedures for bidding quotation of water conservancy projects The procedures for bidding quotation of water conservancy projects are as follows: obtaining bidding information-preparing materials for registration-submitting pre-qualification-studying bidding documents-preparing all materials related to bidding-on-the-spot investigation-inspecting tenderers-determining bidding strategy-accounting bill of quantities, preparing construction organization design and construction scheme-calculating the quantities of construction scheme-using more. Two. Pre-preparation strategy of water conservancy project bidding quotation under bill of quantities The pre-preparation work of water conservancy project bidding quotation mainly refers to determining the preparation period of bidding quotation, which mainly includes: obtaining bidding materials, submitting pre-qualification materials, studying bidding documents, preparing bidding materials and determining bidding strategy. This period is the necessary work stage for preparing the quotation in the later period. 1. After obtaining the bidding information and participating in the qualification examination, the bidder shall show his will in time, register and submit the qualification examination materials to the tenderer. Bidders must pay attention to the importance of qualification examination, which is the tenderer's first impression of this enterprise. There are often some inexperienced bidders who, despite their strength, were eliminated because they did not pay attention to the bidding qualification information during the bidding qualification examination stage. 2. It is risky to analyze the bidder's trading behavior in the construction market by using the relevant information collected in the bidding. It is understood that the probability of domestic first-class bidders winning the bid is only 10%~20%, and there are various risk factors to realize profit after winning the bid. This requires bidders to obtain as much information about bidding as possible and master the information related to project implementation in detail. With the increasingly fierce market competition, how to analyze the obtained information is related to the survival and development of bidders. Information competition will become the focus of bidder competition. 3. When carefully studying the tender documents, the bidder should study the terms of the tender documents, be familiar with the time limit for a project, tender format, signature method, sealing method and bidding deadline specified in the tender documents, and form a memorandum to avoid unnecessary losses caused by mistakes. 4. Before preparing the bidding materials and determining the bidding strategy, all the materials related to the quotation must be prepared, and the quality of these materials directly affects the success or failure of the bidding quotation. The materials to be prepared before bidding mainly include: bidding documents; Design documents; Construction specifications: relevant laws and regulations; Reference value of enterprise internal quota and government consumption quota: enterprise labor, materials and machinery price system data; Websites and other information sources that can be inquired; Financial statements related to quotation and data resources accumulated by enterprises; Geological data and surrounding environment where the proposed project is located; The situation of bidders and the bidding strategies commonly used by opponents; The situation of the tenderer and funds, etc. These are the basis for determining the bidding strategy. Only by fully grasping the first-hand information can we quickly and accurately determine the bidding strategy. In order to show the core competitiveness in bidding, bidders must have certain strategies and advantages different from other bidding competitors. Mainly from the following aspects: ① master the comprehensive design documents; ② Field investigation on the construction site; ③ Investigate the environment related to the proposed project; ④ Investigate the tenderee and competitors. Three. The compilation strategy of bidding quotation for water conservancy projects under the bill of quantities is the substantive work of bidders' bidding, which is completed by special institutions organized by bidders, mainly including reviewing the bill of quantities, compiling construction organization design, material inquiry, calculating project unit price, price analysis and decision-making, and compiling bidding documents. 1. Review the bill of quantities and calculate the general situation of the quantities. The bidder must quote according to the bill of quantities provided by the tenderer and quote in the form of comprehensive unit price. However, when pricing according to the bill of quantities provided by the tenderer, the bidder must include the engineering increment caused by the construction scheme and construction technology in the comprehensive unit price in the form of price. Experienced bidders will review the bill of quantities when calculating the quantities, so as to understand the accuracy of the quantities provided by the tenderee and pave the way for bidders to make unbalanced quotations and settle claims. After the implementation of the bill of quantities model, water conservancy projects are divided into three parts: partial project pricing, measure project pricing and other project pricing. The bill of quantities provided by the bidder is the bill of quantities in the partial project list. However, the tenderee does not provide the quantities in the measure project and construction scheme, and the bidder must make a secondary calculation according to the design documents, construction organization design and construction scheme when bidding. Therefore, the amount allocated to the quotation in the form of price must be carefully calculated and comprehensively considered. Because the lowest price under the list is dominant, the tenderer will not bear the losses caused by the bidder's thoughtless bid winning at a low price. 2. The construction organization design and the preparation of the construction scheme are one of the main factors considered by the tenderee in bid evaluation, and are also the main basis for the bidder to determine the engineering quantity artificially. Its scientificity and rationality directly affect the quotation and bid evaluation. It is a main work in the process of water conservancy project quotation, and it is a work with strong technology and high professional requirements. It mainly includes: project overview, project organization, project guarantee measures, preliminary preparation plan, construction site layout, general schedule plan and partial project schedule plan, partial construction technology and construction technology, organizational measures, main construction machinery configuration, labor matching, main material guarantee measures, construction quality guarantee measures, safety and civilized measures and time limit guarantee measures. Therefore, the construction organization design is not only related to the construction period, but also closely related to the project cost and quotation. Good construction organization design should be able to firmly grasp the engineering characteristics, adopt advanced and scientific construction methods, reduce costs and minimize the occupation of temporary facilities and funds. If reasonable suggestions can be put forward to the tenderer at the same time, the project cost can be saved for the tenderer without affecting the use function, which will greatly improve the rationality of the bidder's low price and increase the possibility of winning the bid. It is also necessary to carry out risk management planning in the construction organization design to prevent risks. 3. Establish a perfect inquiry system. After implementing the bill of quantities pricing model, bidders can set prices freely, all prices are liberalized, and the government will no longer intervene. How to make an inquiry is a new problem faced by bidders under the new situation. Bidders must establish a price system in their daily work and accumulate some labor, materials and machinery prices. In addition, when preparing the tender offer, we made inquiries in many aspects. The inquiry contents mainly include: market price of materials, local labor market price, rental price of machinery and equipment, subcontracting price of partial projects, etc. Four. The calculation strategy of bidding quotation for water conservancy projects is based on the requirements of the valuation range of engineering quantities, and the comprehensive unit price method must be adopted in the valuation of bill of quantities to clarify the scope of comprehensive unit price. Therefore, the cost personnel must be priced according to the unit price standard of engineering quantity. There are many methods of engineering valuation, and the comprehensive unit price method is often used in engineering valuation under the bidding mode of bill of quantities. The so-called comprehensive unit price method is a pricing method that the unit engineering quantity or labor cost, material cost, machinery use fee, management fee and profit of specific measures are comprehensively completed by itemized bill of quantities and unit price of measures, and certain risk factors are considered, while fees, taxes and other expenses are listed separately in other tables as part of the total bid price. The tender offer shall be equal to the sum of partial project cost, measure project cost, other project cost, fees and taxes. 1. Calculation of engineering cost of each division and subdivisional work = engineering quantity of each division and subdivisional work-comprehensive unit price. The quantities of sub-projects are provided by the tenderer in the bill of quantities, and the contractor can only quote according to the quantities provided by the tenderer. Generally speaking, the contractor can't change the quantities at will; The contractor only needs to determine the comprehensive unit price of each item, including labor cost, material cost, construction machinery cost, management fee and profit, and properly consider the risk cost. In general, all kinds of direct costs are actually calculated. If we consider low-price bidding, we can deduct some sunk costs, such as depreciation of machinery and equipment, use fees of fixed assets, etc. , can greatly reduce the quotation. Considering the differences in work contents and bidding strategies of each sub-item, the bidder can adjust the profit level of each sub-item, but the profit of the total quotation should be controlled within a reasonable range. 2. Calculation of project cost of measures The composition of project cost should also include labor cost, material cost, construction machinery cost, management fee and profit, and the project should not be omitted when calculating the project cost, otherwise the owner will think that the contractor's omitted project cost has been included in other projects and suffered losses. Measures include many items, and the bidder can make appropriate adjustments according to the items in the bill of quantities. However, the overall principle should be based on the specific construction plan and the actual cost, and it is not allowed to overestimate or underestimate, so as to avoid the total price being too high and useless, failing to win the bid or losing money after winning the bid too low.
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