I recently studied Luo Guanzhong's Romance of the Three Kingdoms and Biography of the History of the Tang and Five Dynasties. This not only aroused Luo Guanzhong's own interest, but also aroused my interest in exploring Luo Guanzhong's life and works. The following excerpts are for people of insight to discuss: 3:X_@%
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Notes on the West Lake Tour Volume 25: {)[VEr
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Luo Guanzhong, a native of Qiantang, was born in the Southern Song Dynasty and wrote dozens of novels. The Water Margin narrates Song Jiang and other things. Traitors and thieves are deceitful and well armed. However, it turned into a scam, and the bad guys were calculating. His son Sun San is a mute. That's what happens in heaven. xb & gtc{
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The case of the catalogue of Sikuquanshu: Twenty-four volumes of Journey to the West Lake and twenty-six volumes of Zhiyu, which will be written by Rucheng tomorrow. "The second article is found in Volume 8 of" Wulin Past Supplement ",with the same text as above. The last article is called" A Record of the West Lake ",which is obviously recorded in the original text of" Notes on the West Lake Tour ". And the record in the West Lake Tour is generally followed by Wang Qi at the end of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty: w8+o7.
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Robben's Water Margin. Ben is from Hangzhou. There are dozens of novels. The Water Margin tells the story of Song Jiang, and it is written in detail in terms of cheating and cheating. However, it turned into a scam, and the bad guys were calculating. The speaker said that three generations of descendants were all dumb. That's what happens in heaven. (A General Examination of Continuing Literature (volume 177) C
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It can be seen that the statement that Luo Guanzhong was from the Southern Song Dynasty in A Tour of the West Lake is worthy of attention. The third article can be seen in Hu Yinglin's Collection of Shaoshi Mountain Rooms in Ming Dynasty, Volume 25: zoPu.
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The legacy of xuanhe handed down from generation to generation is extremely vulgar, but it is also a vulgar statement when winning the country. There are thirty-six people from Southern Confucianism, Provincial Yuan and Sung River, and Lu Junyi's actions are different from Guan Sheng's. There are also Hua Shigang and so on, all of which are like the story of Water Margin. If "Water Margin" is published, the name will not be more innovative. Also, Lang Ying's Classics Draft and Canon Book also contain stories of various characters, all of which were compiled by Zhong Jixian, a Yuan man. But the so-called 36 people in the history books are probably predecessors, and besides, they are all ears. Lang said that this book and The Three Kingdoms were written by Luo Guanzhong, which was all wet. The two books are shallow and clumsy, and if they hang in the clouds, they have their own skills. The world biography is the name of an, and the name has not been tested. My friend Wang Chengfu said that there were South China and Taishi in the play, and the rest were not the most cunning, so the play was stolen. & ampTs。
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There is a note under this article: "See Uncle Tian and The Remains of the West Lake for something." (Case: Tian Rucheng, the word Shuhe) For article 4, see the Collection of Articles, volume 327. Wang Siren's Preface to Tang Yuming Peony Pavilion: V6vc.
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Fire can be painted, but wind can't be traced; Water can be carved, but nothing can be done. Gai Shen and your mother are angry, don't chase hands, and don't talk to your ears. Ancient and modern talents are better than easy. "Easy", like also; Elephants like it, too. Secondly, the Five Classics are widely spread, and not many people can say that they like them. Zuo Qiuming, Song Yu, Meng Zhuang, Sima Zichang, Tao Yuanming, Lao Du, Dasu, Luo Guanzhong, Wang Shifu, I know Wang Yuanmei, Xu Wenchang and Thomas. If the literati's style of writing is unique, the poems of ancient Chinese words are elegant, profound and fresh, and the beauty lies in their kindness, but they were born on the right side of the river and started in the Six Dynasties ... _ 9 #
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Judging from its meaning, Wang Siren probably thought that Luo Guanzhong was from the Southern Song Dynasty. This statement is more than a hundred years different from the current statement that Roche lived in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty. In fact, people know little about Luo Guanzhong's life. During the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, Lang Ying wrote the article "The Romance of Sung River in the Three Kingdoms" in Volume 23 of the Seven Editions: ~m
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Two books, Three Kingdoms and Sung River, were edited by Robben Guanzhong, a native of Hangzhou. Give meaning to the old, there must be books, so it is called compilation. Song Jiang is also known as the book of Shi Naian in Qiantang. Yesterday, I bought a copy of Ghost Record in a second-hand bookstore. It was written by Zhong You, the girder of the Yuan Dynasty, and contains biographies of the Yuan and Song Dynasties, especially two books. According to this, it can be seen that there are traces in the original work, so you can weave your ears. ~:
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Ghost Record was written in the period from Yuan Dynasty to Shunzhi, with the preface of the first year of Shunzhi (1330). It is the first literature professional catalogue in China, and it is also the earliest book to record biographies and works of writers of zaju Sanqu in Yuan Dynasty. Ghost Record is a two-volume book, which records the legendary materials of more than 50 zaju Sanqu writers created by Jin Jinyuan and his contemporaries/kloc-0, and more than 450 kinds of zaju plays, and pays tribute to the lost friends with the song Ling Boxian. Because most of the writers recorded in the book are contemporaries that the author personally contacted, and a few senior writers are not far from the author's age, so from the data point of view, the book is more authentic. v
The author has the courage to break the orthodoxy and is not afraid of offending "noble people and knowledge of human nature". He recorded the authors of zaju Sanqu in Ghost Book and set up a monument for them. Most of them are "nine sons and ten beggars" with "humble family and weak position" and "lofty talents and profound knowledge" As a great writer with outstanding contributions in the history of China literature, Guan Hanqing was not only unknown in the history of Yuan Dynasty, but also rarely recorded in other historical materials. Thanks to the book Ghost Record, he kept his native place, occupation, nickname and 60 kinds of zaju for us. In addition, ghost books also record a large number of folk writers. These are the important values of ghost books. GCKHh:
Ghost Book Continuation includes 7/kloc-0 writers such as Zhong Sicheng and Luo Guanzhong, and 78 kinds of zaju and 78 kinds of zaju written anonymously, which reflects the achievements of opera creation in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty, from which we can learn the main deeds of some writers in this period. U$mY\
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Finally, let's study the life of Luo Guanzhong. According to the contents of 15 "spectral gauge" recorded in Roche's genealogy, the possibility of "unintentional omission" or concealment basically does not exist. So there must be other important reasons for this person to be removed from the genealogy. However, under the feudal patriarchal clan system, only those who commit disobedience, unfilial and outrageous acts will be severely punished by genealogy. Luo Guanzhong's zaju and novels were considered by people with traditional prejudice at that time to be mixed with artists who advocate Excellence and geisha, which undoubtedly defiled the school spirit; What's more, he once participated in the compilation and revision of Water Margin, and was regarded as disorderly book piracy by the feudal ruling class. During the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, feudal rulers repeatedly banned novels and dramas suspected of "advocating chaos and stealing". Since Luo Guanzhong intervened in the compilation and writing of this book, his crime is no less than "traitor". Therefore, he is likely to be removed as a "loser" and a "rebel". labour union
The above inference is mainly due to the fact that the birth and death year of "Luo Jin's second son" is quite consistent with the birth and death year of the author of The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, and he was removed from the list because he participated in the writing of Water Margin and other books. More importantly, the Luo family background reflected by a series of preface words in Luo Family Tree is almost the same as the social and historical background reflected by Luo Guanzhong's novels and operas. According to genealogy and other historical records, Luo Zhongxiang, the ancestor of Luo family in Qingxu, Taiyuan, failed to return to his hometown in Sichuan after taking office in Qingxu. First, he is "far away", mainly "avoiding chaos". What "chaos" should be avoided? Huang Chao Rebellion and Five Dynasties Rebellion in the late Tang Dynasty were avoided. The area around Gu Jinyang and Qingyuan is not only the main battlefield of the Five Dynasties War, but also a natural hotbed of historical dramas and stories of the Five Dynasties. These exciting backgrounds and stories are vividly and concretely reflected in Luo Guanzhong's novel Romance of the Tang and Five Dynasties. Luo Zhongxiang moved to Sigou Village in baimashan shortly after he settled in Qing Xu, so the local area is rich in white stones, so the big ravine where these villages are located is called "White Stone Gully". The place where the ancestors of the Roche family lived for generations is also described very clearly in the tian hu part of Water Margin (see Articles 98 to 100 for details). According to textual research by Mr. Meng Fanren, Pinghe tian hu, Pinghuai River and Xiqinghe River in Quanzhuan are supplements to Luo Guanzhong's reclusive writings in Wenxian County of Daming Prefecture when he returned to the North in his later years. & ampq
From more than 20 prefaces written in Roche Genealogy, we can see that the ancestors of this family attached great importance to the concept of "origin", and almost every prefaces contained samples and argumentative papers about the origin of the family. The Roche family has fundamentally educated the origin of this family, and it has penetrated into all generations. This family tradition undoubtedly gave Luo Guanzhong a profound influence, and because of his perennial. Therefore, when he signed his works, he naturally took the idea that "woody water is always in his heart" as "Robben is in the middle". In this way, the discovery of "Roche Genealogy" in Qingxu, Taiyuan, provided a key to solve the mystery of Luo Guanzhong's name. h
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In On Luo Guanzhong, Li Xiusheng thinks that Luo Guanzhong was originally from Taiyuan, and his ancestors may have moved to Hangzhou with the Song Dynasty, so he is also called a native of Hangzhou. In Ghost Story and Luo Guanzhong Sequel (Romance of the Three Kingdoms, the second edition), Meng Fanren thinks that the author of Ghost Story Sequel is Luo Guanzhong's Forgotten Friends, and his record of Luo Guanzhong should be the most authoritative and credible. Luo Guanzhong's novels and operas are related to Shanxi and Taiyuan in the selection of materials: Guan Yu, the most outstanding and successful figure in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, is a native of Xiezhou, Shanxi; Li Yuan and his son, the important figures in the Romance of Sui and Tang Dynasties, set out from Taiyuan to seize the world. Li Cunxu is an important figure in the Biography of the History of Tang and Five Dynasties, and he is from Yanbei, Shanxi. Zhao Kuangyin in Zhao Kuangyin's Dragon and Tiger List once lived in Taiyuan before he made his fortune. Wen Yanbo in Pingyao legend is from Jiexiu, Shanxi. This "connection" is closely related to the writer's "hometown". There was a Roche family in Jinyang (Taiyuan) in Yuan Dynasty, and Luo Guanzhong probably belonged to this family. Liu Shide pointed out in Textual Research on the Native Place of Luo Guanzhong (Document Heritage 1992) that there are three geographical errors in The Water Margin and The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, which belong to Gu Dongping. W
According to Mr. Meng Fanren 1985- 1987' s investigation of the "Roche family" in Taiyuan and his follow-up investigation and visit to Huishan Village in Qixian County, it is possible for Mr. Meng to "exclude Qixian Village" and Luo Guanzhong, an ancient novelist born in the late Yuan and early Ming Dynasties. [-SIXt
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Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Luo Guanzhong's works have been constantly revised and revised, which is quite different from the original works, and even many Romances of the Three Kingdoms are not the original ones. Liu Cunren first raised an objection in "The Truth and False of Luo Guanzhong's Tales on History", saying: "Although the engraved version of" Biography of the Three Kingdoms "was published in Wanli or even the apocalypse, the time was far after Jiajing Renwu's popular" Romance of the Three Kingdoms ",but its basis (whether its ancestors are one or more) may be earlier than Jiajing Renwu's." From this, he outlined the basic clue of the version evolution of The Romance of Three Kingdoms: About forty years after the publication of The Romance of Three Kingdoms, it was possible for Luo Guanzhong to write The Romance of Three Kingdoms, which was later recorded by other books. After that, the popular Romance of the Three Kingdoms was born. Although Jiajing is the earliest extant version of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, it is by no means the best version, nor is it the closest version to Luo Guanzhong's original work. Biography of the Three Kingdoms is a parallel version to Jiajing Edition, and in some respects it retains an older form than Jiajing Edition. In the past ten years, Chinese and foreign scholars have made further explorations and their views have gradually approached. %FI2
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In the past 30 years, the research on Luo Guanzhong and his works has greatly surpassed any previous historical period in breadth and depth, and many new opinions have been put forward on a series of issues, and some new breakthroughs have been made. OI9}
Since the 1980s, national academic seminars and international seminars have been held for many times, and provincial, municipal and county-level societies and specialized research institutions for Luo Guanzhong and his works have been established, such as the Luo Guanzhong Research Institute in Qingxu County, Shanxi Province, which is affiliated to the Zhiban of Qingxu County. Sichuan Romance Society of the Three Kingdoms is affiliated to Chengdu Wuhou Temple Museum. Related seminars have been held three times. Including: holding a seminar on traditional culture and modern management in Guangzhou; The edition seminar of Romance of the Three Kingdoms was held in Kunming, Yunnan. Sun Wu and the Three Kingdoms Cultural Seminar was held in Fuyang, Zhejiang, and so on. China scholars who got rid of the shackles of the Cultural Revolution and boldly emancipated their minds made a valuable re-exploration of Luo Guanzhong and his works with a brand-new mental outlook. With the participation of scholars from Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macao and foreign countries, Robben cultural studies have flourished. x