The history of Thiel

According to the fact that it is now located in the same place and called Sur, there should be no doubt that this city is the ancient city of Tyre. Before Alexander the Great connected the outer islands to attack the city, the city once had two branches: the island and the coastal city center. Isolated in the sea, the outer island is a city with a wall as high as 150 feet, so strengthen the defense; The city on land is called Wu Xiu, which is more like a coastal suburb than an independent city. It is mainly used to supply wood and drinking water on the island. The two sides usually cooperate with each other because the island has wealth gained from maritime trade, while the land can provide drinking water, wood and cemeteries; However, the historian Josephus once recorded that the two fought against each other. Thiel brought together the business and trade activities of the ancient world. Thiel Business Travel was one of the first people to venture in the Mediterranean. They established colonies along the Aegean coast and adjacent islands, Greece, the coast of North Africa, Carthage, Sicily, Corsica, Tattisos of Spain-even Cadiz outside the pillar of Hercules.

In BC 1000, when King David was in power, Tyre made a treaty with the Hebrews under the leadership of the local king.

Tyre City is especially famous for producing a rare purple dye called Tyre Purple. In many ancient civilizations, this color was reserved for royalty or nobility.

The city has been attacked by Egyptians many times; Salmanasal I, king of Assyria, was assisted by Phoenicians on the mainland and besieged the city for five years. King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon failed to return after being besieged 13 years, but in the compromise contract between the two sides, Tilea people agreed to pay tribute every year. Tyre was later ruled by Persians.

In 332 BC, after seven months of siege, Alexander the Great laid the ladder across the sea and captured Tyre. However, until the advent of the Christian era, Tyre was an important commercial and trade center.

After the death of Alexander the Great in 3 15 BC, his general Antioch I regained control of the city after being besieged for a year.

In BC 126, Tyre gained independence from Seleucid dynasty; It was a free city until it became a province of Rome in 64 BC. After the death of St. Stephen, a Christian church was established in the local area. On his way home from his third missionary trip, Paul stayed in Tyre for a week to talk with local disciples. Saint Yi Rui Nauus of Lyon mentioned in his book Refuting Heresy that Simon Mage's companion came from this city.

Tyre was occupied by the Crusaders in 1 124 and became one of the most important cities in the Kingdom of Jerusalem. It has become a fief directly under the royal family, but there are also autonomous trade zones of several Italian commercial cities. Archbishop Czotter, a branch of the Latin Archbishop of Jerusalem, is also stationed here. Archbishops in this area often inherit the former title. The most famous Latin Archbishop is the historian William of Tyre.

After Saladin captured Jerusalem in 1 187, the center of the kingdom moved to Akka, but the coronation ceremony was held in Tyre. /kloc-In the 3rd century, Tyre broke away from the royal territory and became a noble title and fief of a crusader. 129 1 occupied by Mamluk, it was ruled by the Ottoman Empire until Lebanon became independent in 1920. Thiel was seriously injured in the Lebanon-South conflict in 1978 and the fifth Middle East war against Israel and Palestine in 1982. It was used as a base by the Palestine Liberation Organization and was almost completely razed to the ground by Israeli artillery. 1982 when Israel invaded Lebanon, it established a military base there. The buildings of the Israeli army as the command center in Tyre were destroyed by bombs at the end of 1982 and 19831KLOC-0/month respectively, which caused dozens of deaths, and were called the first and second tragedies in Tyre, Israel. The second tragic suicide car bomb attack in Tyre was only ten days apart from a similar attack on the American-French military base in Beirut. The United States and Israel accuse Iran and Hezbollah, but both sides deny their participation.

In the conflict between Israel and Lebanon in 2006, several rockets that attacked Israel were found to have been fired from villages near the city. At least one village was bombed by the Israeli army, which killed several people and aggravated the food shortage in Tyre. Israeli navy commandos also attacked some Hezbollah targets in the city.