original text
The law of the former king [1] dare not take it, the law of the former king [2] dare not say it, and the virtue of the former king [3] dare not do it.
translate
Dare not wear clothes that do not conform to the etiquette of the previous generation of holy kings, dare not say words that do not conform to the etiquette of the previous generation of holy kings, and dare not do moral acts that do not conform to the regulations of the previous generation of holy kings.
To annotate ...
[1] clothing: clothing made according to etiquette.
[2] Legal terms: remarks that conform to etiquette.
[3] Virtue: Ethical behavior.
analyse
Qing and doctor are the right-hand men of emperors or princes, that is, the group decided by policies and the hub of state administration, and their status is also very high. But it is not responsible for defending the country and governing the people, so it is second only to the princes. His filial piety means that everything should conform to etiquette, demonstrate the crowd, and take the lead in words, actions and clothes.
Typical examples show that
Bao Zheng resigned to serve his parents.
Bao Gong, Bao Zheng (999- 1062), was born in Hefei, Luzhou (now Hefei, Anhui). His father, Bao Yi, was a doctor of the three dynasties and was posthumously named assistant minister of punishments. Bao Gong was famous for his filial piety when he was a teenager, and he was straightforward and honest. In Song Renzong Tiansheng five years, namely AD 1027, he entered the ranks of Jinshi at the age of 28. He was first a judge of Dali Temple and later a magistrate of Jianchang (now Yongxiu, Jiangxi). Because his parents were too old to go abroad with him, Bao Gong immediately quit his job and went home to take care of his parents. His filial piety was praised by officials.
A few years later, his parents died one after another, and Bao Gong re-entered the official career. This is also under the hard persuasion of the villagers. In feudal society, if parents only have one son, then this son can't leave his parents and go to other places to be an official alone. This is against the feudal law. Under normal circumstances, for the sake of their son's future, parents will follow. Or the son and the rest of the family to persuade. Parents don't want to follow their son to an official position to support the elderly, which is rare in feudal times, because it means that the son should abide by the constraints of feudal ethics-resign from the official position to take care of himself. The history books did not explain the specific reasons. Maybe his parents are ill and can't stand the bumps on the road. Bao Gong resigned from his post.
No matter what the situation, Bao Gong can voluntarily resign from his official position, which still shows that he is not the kind of person who is obsessed with officialdom. Filial piety to parents can be regarded as an example for some people with low quality today. In previous stories, people talked most about Bao Gong's selflessness, but ignored Bao Gong's filial piety to his parents.
Qi Jiguang lived up to his father's entrustment.
On one occasion, his father Qi Jingtong asked Qi Jiguang, "What did Yue Fei say in the Song Dynasty?"
"Civil servants are not greedy for money, military officers are not afraid of death, and the country will be rich and strong."
"Yes, you should remember this sentence all your life, study hard and practice martial arts well, so that you can make contributions to the country and do something big!"
A few years later, Qi Jiguang became a young officer with both civil and military skills. At this time, my father was buried in the gauntlet and advised him to buy more land for future generations in his later years. After hearing this, QiJingTong alignment light said:
"Do you know why your father named you Ji Guang?"
"I want my children to inherit the surname of the Qi family and show off their family background."
"Stepson, you won't feel sorry that I didn't leave you much property in my life, will you?"
Qi Jiguang pointed to a couplet written by his father in class: "Having children is free from hunger and cold; Heritage is not as good as heritage, and life is really learned. After reading it, he said, "My father taught me to learn martial arts since I was a child, and he also taught me to be a noble person. This is my child's most precious industry. My children never want to covet ease and wealth. I just want to build a' Qi Jiajun' like Yue Feijian. "
Qi Jingtong was very relieved when he heard this. He smiled and said to his son, "My art book has been finished. Now I want to pass it on to you. This is my life's hard work. You can use it to serve the country in the future! "
Qi Jiguang knelt on the ground, took Qi Art of War in his hands and said, "My children must learn this art of war. No matter what difficulties and obstacles I encounter in the future, I will never abandon my father's life's hard work. "
Qi Jingtong died of a serious illness at the age of 72. Qi Jiguang rushed home from the garrison to attend the funeral after receiving the bad news. He cried at his father's grave and said, "Ji Guang must carry on your legacy, serve the country faithfully, go through fire and water, and do whatever it takes!" "
In the thirty-fourth year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (1555), the court appointed Qi Jiguang to be responsible for the anti-Japanese war. The "Qijiajun" he organized won nine wars and nine victories in six years, which greatly shocked China and foreign countries. He once said to someone, "I can win War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression because of my father's inculcation!" "
Filial piety affects mountain thieves
Ping Liu, Zi Gongzi, is from Jiangsu. After Wang Mang came to power, he served as the county magistrate guarding Qiu Qiu, with remarkable achievements and good governance, and was deeply loved by the people. After Wang Mang's death, the world was in chaos. For the sake of her mother's safety, Ping Liu took her to a foreign land and hid her in a deep mountain.
One morning, Ping Liu went out to find food for his mother. He met a group of mountain thieves, caught him and wanted to eat his meat. Ping Liu is not worried about his own safety, but he is worried about his mother who hasn't eaten yet. He knelt on the ground and kowtowed to the thief and said, "I came out this morning to find wild vegetables for my mother to satisfy my hunger." If I don't go back, my mother will starve to death and no one will take care of her. Therefore, I ask you to be generous and let me go back and settle my mother first. Then, I will come back to accept your disposal. " In fact, these so-called mountain thieves are nothing more than homeless and hungry people in the war. They are not vicious people, but they become bandits because of their livelihood. They were moved by Ping Liu's sincere words, so they sent him back.
Ping Liu returned to his mother's residence, gave her a meal, and kept her promise to find the place where the mountain thief was. Facing his faith and integrity, the mountain thieves were shocked. I didn't expect such a person to really exist. So, the bandit leader said, "We only heard that there were virtuous people in ancient times, but I didn't expect to see them with my own eyes today. How can we eat your meat? " In this way, Ping Liu saved the day and went home to serve his mother.
Later, Ping Liu became an official again. He was first chosen as Lian Xiao, and later as Yi Lang.
Filial piety is interlinked. Mountain thieves are born and raised by their parents, not to mention that they are hungry and cold refugees, not born with "evil nature." Therefore, in the face of Ping Liu's filial piety and loyalty, their inner kindness was aroused. It can be seen that filial piety makes people do good.
Details show filial piety
Lu Ji was an astronomer of the State of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period. Influenced by his father Lu Kang since childhood, he deeply understands the way of loyalty and filial piety. He is smart, fond of reading and knowledgeable, and is known as a "child prodigy".
When I was six years old, I followed my father to Jiujiang to visit the famous Yuan Shu. I didn't have stage fright at all. Yuan Shu's problem, which he talked about in Kan Kan, is supercilious. Yuan Shu marveled at his small achievement, made an exception and offered his seat and ordered a plate of oranges. That orange is round and big, with golden skin, juicy meat and fat and delicious taste. Three achievements slipped into my arms, and no one noticed.
After a long talk, Yuan Shu was very satisfied with Xiao Lu's talent. When he left to say goodbye to his master, the orange fell from his arms to the ground because it was not placed smoothly. Yuan Shu was startled at first and thought it was a "secret weapon". When it was clear that it was just an orange, he couldn't help laughing: "You are a child who came to my house as a guest. Why do you have to hide the owner's oranges in your arms when you leave? " Lu Ji took his time, looked him straight in the eye and replied sincerely, "Because my mother likes oranges, I want to take them home for her."
Xiao Lu's achievements are eloquent and calm, and he is not embarrassed at all. Because in his heart, mother is great and sacred. It is natural for a son to be filial to his mother, and there is nothing to hide. Yuan Shu was very surprised after hearing this, and showed great respect to the child. He knows how to be filial to his mother at such a young age, and he will certainly become an extraordinary figure in the future.
Sure enough, after Lu Ji became an adult, he was knowledgeable and familiar with astronomy and mathematics. He once wrote the map of the muddy sky, annotated the Book of Changes, and wrote the annotation of the Xuanjing, and the official went to Yulin.
The world is familiar with the stories of Kong Rong making pears, but few people really make them polite. You know, without parents, we would have nothing. Always think of your parents. You should give them something good first. Don't take care of yourself, regardless of your parents. Filial piety doesn't require you to invest a lot of money, nor does it require your endless material subsidies. What parents care about is your little orange, a small fan and a short greeting! Having parents in mind is the beginning of filial piety, which can extend to every little detail in life, and these little details are the cornerstone of a person's morality and reputation. Only when these cornerstones are solid and reliable can a person's reputation and prestige not be empty.
original text
So nothing is illegal, and it is impossible to do so; There is no choice in the mouth and no choice in the body; There is nothing to say in the world [1], and there is no resentment or evil in the world [2]. The three are well prepared [3], and then the ancestral temple can be preserved [4]. Cover your feelings, the doctor's filial piety.
translate
So, don't say rude things and don't do immoral things. Because words and deeds can naturally abide by etiquette and morality, you don't have to choose words when you speak, and you don't have to think about what to do and what not to do when you behave. Although the words are all over the world, there are no mistakes; Although the whole world is doing things, it never causes resentment. These three points have been completely achieved, and clothing, speech and behavior are in line with etiquette and morality. Then we can keep the ancestral temple and worship our ancestors for a long time. This is the filial piety of Qing and doctor!
To annotate ...
[1] language error.
[2] resentment: resentment, dissatisfaction.
[3] three preparations: three, refers to service, words and deeds, that is, legal service, legal words and morality. Prepare, finish, and then finish.
[4] Ancestral Temple: an ancient house dedicated to ancestors.
analyse
There is a phenomenon: many successful people are ruined and immortal because they can't be careful with their words and deeds. And there is often such a rule: a person's success requires a lot of effort, but failure is easy. Sometimes, just one sentence and one improper practice can make you lose everything and be invincible. So whoever it is, be careful.
Typical examples show that
Join the army instead of my father to show my daughter's filial piety
At the end of the Northern Wei Dynasty, Rouran, Qidan and other ethnic minorities became increasingly powerful. They often send troops to invade the Central Plains and rob property. In order to deal with them, the northern Wei court often recruited a large number of soldiers and strengthened the garrison on the northern border.
Mulan joined the army and told a story about a heroine at that time. Mulan is said to be surnamed Hua and Shangqiu (now south of Shangqiu County, Henan Province). She studied writing with her father since she was a child and took care of the housework on weekdays. She also likes to ride horses and shoot arrows, and she practices martial arts very well. One day, an official in the yamen sent a draft notice asking Mulan's father to be a soldier. But my father is old, how can he join the army to fight? Mulan has no brother. His brother is too young. She couldn't bear to make her old father suffer, so she decided to dress up as a woman and join the army instead of her father. Mulan's parents didn't want their daughter to go to war, but they had no choice but to let her go.
Mulan followed the team to the northern border. She is worried that her secret of dressing up as a woman will be discovered, so she is extra careful everywhere. When marching in the daytime, Mulan followed closely behind the team and did not dare to fall behind. She never dares to take off her clothes when camping at night. When fighting, she always kills first with her good martial arts. After serving in the army for twelve years, Mulan has made many remarkable achievements, and her companions admire her very much and praise her as a brave hero.
After the war, the emperor summoned meritorious soldiers to reward them. But Mulan doesn't want to be an official or property. She just wants to get a fast horse so that she can go home at once. The emperor readily agreed and sent messengers to escort Mulan back.
Mulan's parents were very happy when they heard that Mulan had come back and rushed out of the city to meet her. My younger brother is also slaughtering pigs and sheep at home. She is the elder sister who has rendered meritorious service to our country. When Mulan came home, she took off her combat suit, put on women's clothes, combed her hair and came out to thank her companions who escorted her home. When her companions saw that Mulan was a daughter, they were all very surprised. I didn't expect that the comrade-in-arms who fought with * * * for twelve years turned out to be a beauty.
The touching story of his father joining the army soon spread, and people admired Mulan's bravery and ardent filial piety.
original text
The poem says, "Stay up late and take care of someone [1]."
translate
The Book of Songs says: "Even in the morning and evening, we can't slack off. You should do your best to serve the son of heaven! "
To annotate ...
[1] Stay up late, take things as one person: morning. Robber, no, no. Relax, relax, relax. One person refers to Zhou.
analyse
Although the responsibility of defending the country and governing the people does not belong to Qing and the doctor, as a group of * * * departments, the assistance of the monarch and the minister also has a noticeable influence on politics. Therefore, the filial piety of Qing and doctor should be based on loyalty to their duties and support for their masters, and special attention should be paid to ensuring that their words and deeds are infallible, because only in this way can Qing and doctor enjoy prosperity for a long time.
Typical examples show that
Teach filial piety.
Historically, among local officials, Fang Jingbo of the Northern Wei Dynasty taught people filial piety. Fang Jingbo (478-527) was an honest man, and his younger brothers addressed him as strict father. Fang Jing Bo has an uncle who is an official. His uncle Fang Fashou was originally a rogue, but he was filial. Fang Jingbo's family is poor. In his early years, he supported his mother by copying books. Later, he became the Qinghe magistrate.
At that time, Qinghe thieves created a riot. Liu Jianhu, a county citizen, once rudely offended Fang Jingbo, and later defected to the mountain thief. Fang Jingbo promoted Liu Jianhu's son to George's official and let him let bygones be bygones. Seeing the square, Jing Bo didn't remember his old enemy, and the mountain thief surrendered.
However, Fang Jingbo was praised by later generations for demonstrating the story of filial piety to a young man in the county under his jurisdiction.
At that time, there was a Beiqiu County under Qinghe County, which is in today's Shandong. A woman in Beiqiu accused her son of unfilial, put Fang Jingbo in charge and punished him. Fang Jingbo wants to call his son to the lobby and reprimand him. But instead of doing so, he told his mother first. His mother said, "These people are uneducated and don't understand ethics. It is necessary to guide it with virtue and let it be ashamed and do good. " So he called the woman and went to the hall to eat and drink with her every day. Fang Jingbo also called his son and ordered him to stand under the main room and watch Fang Jingbo serve his mother's diet. Within ten days, the unfilial son felt very guilty and asked to go back. Cui Shi said, "Although this son is ashamed on the surface, I don't know if he really repents in his heart. He stayed for a few days. " So Fang Jingbo left the mother and son for another twenty days. Later, my son was deeply affected, kowtowing and bleeding, and sincerely repented. His mother also begged for it back in tears. After returning home, the unfilial son really turned over a new leaf and was very filial to his mother, becoming a famous dutiful son at that time. Someone wrote a poem in the Song Dynasty, saying, "Seeing others is too loyal to their relatives, and being diligent and willing to do it. How can you not be ashamed? Not just shame. "
Visiting my mother in Chen Yi
1962, Marshal Chen Yi came back from a visit abroad and passed by his hometown, taking time to visit his seriously ill mother.
Rola Chen's mother is paralyzed in bed and can't take care of herself. Mother was very happy when Chen Yi came into the room. She is about to say hello to her son. Suddenly, she remembered that the changed diaper was still beside the bed, and she motioned the people around her to hide under the bed.
Chen Yi was very excited when she saw her long-lost mother. He stepped forward and held her hand, asking questions with concern. After a while, he said to his mother, "Mom, what did you hide under the bed when I came in?" Mother can't hide it, so she has to tell the truth. Hearing this, Chen Yi said at once, "Mom, you have been ill in bed for a long time. I'm sorry that I can't wait on you. I should wash these pants, why should I hide them? " Mom was embarrassed, and the people next to her quickly took out the diapers and rushed to wash them. Rola Chen stopped quickly and said emotionally, "Mom, when I was a child, you didn't know how many times you washed my diaper. I washed 10 diapers today, and I can't repay your kindness! " Say that finish, Rola Chen took diapers and other dirty clothes to wash, and mother smiled with relief.
Marshal Chen Yi is busy with official business, but he doesn't forget his old mother at home. I took time out of my busy schedule to go home and visit my mother who was paralyzed in bed, wash her diapers and comfort her sick mother with caring words. Although what Marshal Chen Yi did for his mother was just trivial things that couldn't be more ordinary, from these trivial things, he saw his deep love for his mother. He will never forget what his mother has done for himself, understand the hardships and difficulties of his mother, and know how to repay his mother's kindness.
Filial piety wins people's hearts.
Han Bangjing was born in Chaoyi (now Dali County, Shaanxi Province) in the Ming Dynasty. When he was a child, he studied very hard. He was admitted to Jinshi with his brother Han and became a member of Shanxi Zuoshen, guarding Datong. At that time, in the famine year, the people could not eat and starved to death. There is cannibalism in the countryside. Seeing this, Han Bangjing really wanted to help the people through the disaster, so he wrote this story, hoping that the court could help the victims, but it didn't pass. He lost confidence in the imperial court, so he wanted to resign and retire, but before he was approved, he had to start on his way. After the villagers knew it, they spontaneously organized themselves and stood on the side of the road crying to persuade him to stay. Han Bangjing returned to his hometown with tears in his eyes and died soon. Later, his younger brother Han also attended the meeting and came to Datong. When the villagers knew that he was Han Bangjing's brother, they all came out to meet him and cried excitedly.
Before that, Han was seriously ill and bedridden for more than a year. Han Bangjing was very worried about his brother's health and served him personally. He must first taste hot and cold medicine for his brother; He also personally delivered meals to his younger brother. Later, Han Bangjing was seriously ill, and his brother Han took care of him day and night for three months. After Han Bangjing's death, my brother ate only a simple meal and wore mourning clothes for five months. The villagers were very moved and set up a memorial tablet for them.
A dutiful son who made the gods cry.
There is a folk story about the dutiful son Zhang Song.
Zhang Song, a native of Longxi, is a famous dutiful son. When he was eight years old, his mother was seriously ill, lying in bed, not thinking about diet. One day, she suddenly wanted to eat Viola. When Zhang Song heard about it, he ran to the wild to look for it.
It was winter at that time, and the ground was a piece of hay without a trace of green. Zhang Song looked everywhere, but there was still no sign of Viola. So he burst into tears: "Mom, you have worked hard to raise me, but I can't repay you." Since you are ill, when will you recover? If God has mercy on me, let Viola grow up. "
He cried and cried. From morning to noon, the sky changed color, the red sun hid, the dark clouds became lower and lower, and finally it rained. After a storm comes a calm, Zhang Song is surprised to find that countless violas have broken ground.
It turned out that God was also moved by his filial piety. Zhang Song picked a lot of violas to go home. After her mother ate violas, she was able to walk in the fields and immediately recovered from her illness. When Zhang Song grew up, his mother fell ill and died. Zhang Song's family is very rich, and there are many servants, but he always makes his own coffins and graves, and refuses to let the servants contribute. They refused to ask for help at the funeral, and some people were different. The husband and wife personally carried the mother's coffin into the car, and then Zhang Song asked his wife to pull the car in front, and he pushed it behind and walked to the cemetery together.
At that time, the rainstorm was raging and the soil on the road did not reach the knees. But strangely, the road they passed was clean and there was no dust at all.
Zhang Song cried again after burying his mother. From then on, he personally cultivated the soil and repaired the grave for his mother every day, and cried every day while doing these things until his hair fell out. Three years passed like this.
One day, Zhang Songfu cried on the tombstone. At this time, the thunder rumbled from the north of the grave, and it spread closer and closer. With the thunder, another storm came to Zhang Song's side. Fengyunxiang stretched out his hands, hugged him, and put him in the east eighty paces away from the grave. Then a flash of lightning pierced the sky, like a sword, and went straight into the grave. The grave was split in half and the coffin was exposed.
Zhang Song was so frightened that he rolled and crawled to the coffin. He saw the words on the coffin: "Zhang Songxiao reached the gods, and the gods missed your sincere heart. Let your mother go back for a while, and she can live for another 32 years. You should treat her well. "
Everyone who heard about it was surprised. It is said that I have never heard of such a thing since ancient times. Finally, even the emperor knew about it and was greatly moved. Zhang Song was worshipped as the satrap of Jincheng, and later he was promoted to the left servant of Shangshu.