How to understand the decoration quotation and how to audit the decoration budget
How to understand the decoration quotation and how to audit the decoration budget
First, the composition of the decoration budget list
The decoration quotation forms of different companies may be different, but the formal decoration quotation should contain some indispensable parts. Let's take a look at the composition of a more qualified decoration quotation.
1, project information
It usually appears at the beginning of the quotation, mainly including the names of the decoration company and the owner, their respective contact numbers and addresses and other basic information.
2. Detailed quotation of the project
(1) serial number/project name
We can see how many projects need to be built in the house, and we can see where there are additions and deletions by combining the drawings.
(2) Quantity
It is a data for calculating the total engineering quantity, which can be the building area or the quantity of materials.
(3) Unit
You can know how the decoration company calculates the price, such as by area or by the number of projects.
(4) Material unit price &; Comprehensive price
Material is the most expensive item in decoration engineering, and its accuracy directly affects the total decoration expenditure.
(5) Labor price &; Comprehensive price
Labor price refers to the wages of workers, which can reflect the level of workers; The calculation of total price involves engineering quantity.
(6) Material specification and process description
Indicate the brand, model and detailed construction technology of main materials and auxiliary materials.
Step 3 take notes
For other specific agreements clearly marked, especially in the case of half-package, those provided by the owner and needed to be purchased by the decoration company can be marked here.
Step 4 sign
Generally, the end of the quotation needs the signature of the designer and the owner to confirm.
Although the components are simple, they look clear at a glance. In fact, there are many places that can be hidden by decoration companies and are difficult to find! As the saying goes, buying is not as good as selling, and so is decoration. The decoration company is always superior to the owner. What car owners can do is to minimize the waste of money.
Second, the decoration quotation includes expenses.
1, material cost
Including some main materials and auxiliary materials, such as latex paint, blockboard and so on. Auxiliary materials such as glue, cement and sand. The calculation method is generally obtained by multiplying the unit price of the material and the dosage.
2. Labor costs
Including different types of labor costs, such as carpentry, bricklayer, plumber, painter and so on. At present, the calculation method is generally to multiply the building unit price by the building area.
3. Management fee
Generally, it is charged according to about 5% of the engineering quantity. Including managers' salaries, licensing fees, depreciation of fixed assets, tool use fees and so on.
4. Freight and handling fee
Including project material handling and garbage removal. The materials purchased by the owner generally need to be transported by the owner himself.
5. Cleaning fee
The sanitation of the whole house is optional, and the owner can also clean it himself, saving costs.
Decoration expenses generally include design fees, material fees and construction fees. In the decoration quotation, the design fee is generally not reflected. It often includes material costs, labor costs, management fees, and some optional items such as formaldehyde cleaning fees and cleaning fees.
Third, the audit method of decoration budget
For the working class, buying a house has been paid in advance for half a lifetime, and there is not much money left for decoration, so saving money for decoration is the goal of many people. In order to achieve this goal, when choosing a decoration company, many people tend to choose the party with lower insured price. Bian Xiao would like to remind that the lower the quotation on the decoration quotation does not mean that this company should be chosen. When looking at the decoration quotation, we should not only look at the total price, but also look at many other information.
1, the quotation is not simply evaluated by the total price.
This may happen to the owner. The total price quoted by Company A is 654.38 million yuan, while the total price quoted by Company B is only 80,000 yuan. So should we choose company B with lower asking price? Not necessarily! In the quotations provided by different companies, the materials and construction technology may be different, and it may even be because Company A has added a certain construction project. Therefore, we can't simply evaluate the quality of the decoration company by the quoted price, and we need to compare it carefully.
2, review the design and construction drawings
Before reviewing the decoration quotation, the design drawings should be reviewed first. A complete, detailed and accurate set of housing design drawings is the basis of budget quotation, because the quotation is based on the specific area, length and size, materials and technology used on the drawings, and the drawings are inaccurate, so the budget is definitely inaccurate.
3. Check the construction project against the design drawings.
The decoration quotation is made according to the designer's drawings, which are the general plan of the house. The corresponding quotation can only be made after the design drawings come out. Therefore, when reviewing the decoration quotation, we must first look at the design drawings. According to the design drawings, we can clearly see whether the items on the quotation are added or deleted. Check the projects carefully, because some missed projects are definitely indispensable when they arrive at the site, and overspending is inevitable.
5. Calculate the construction area according to the drawings.
In addition, you need to refer to the drawings to check the specific quantity and construction area of each project in the decoration quotation. The data calculation on the decoration quotation should be consistent with the design drawing. If the area calculated according to the drawings is 60 square meters and the quotation is 65 square meters, then such an error will often be thousands of yuan different for some decoration projects with higher unit price.
6, look at the materials and construction technology.
There is no doubt that the more detailed the decoration quotation, the better. Because on the one hand, it shows the serious attitude of the decoration company, on the other hand, it is convenient for the owners to understand clearly. In the column of quotation description of a project, the decoration company should list what brand and model of materials are used and what construction technology is used. Materials and construction technology shall be described in detail. It can be said that the most important thing in the quotation is not the price, but the column of materials and construction technology.
7. Check the quotation unit of measurement.
Pay attention to the unit of measurement in the quotation, which will directly affect the final quotation. For example, to make TV cabinets, some companies use rice, while others use square meters. At this time, the owner should pay attention, because the furniture calculated by square meters, no matter how high or wide, is calculated by multiplying the number of square meters by the unit price, while the furniture calculated by meters has a height limit.
8. Special quotation for special projects
In the process of home improvement, it is inevitable that there will be some special construction situations, or the decoration family will put forward some special decoration requirements. The charges of these projects are often not reflected in the initial quotation, but are put forward according to the actual situation when going to the site for construction. So it is normal that there is a difference between the quotation and the actual expenditure. It is only important to note that this gap needs to be controlled within a certain range, not too big.
Fourth, the common tricks of decoration budget list
1, there is something fishy about "opening low and going high"
If the owners who have been renovated conduct a survey on whether the home decoration is overspent, I believe that the vast majority of owners will choose yes. It was a common phenomenon in the past that the decoration accounting price was far from the contract budget. In addition to the increase in investment caused by the owner's initiative to add items, it is often because the decoration company "opens low and goes high", deliberately omitting the necessary decoration projects in the budget, and causing overexpenditure through adding items later.
There are many cases of adding items. The normal additions are put forward by the owners themselves, and more often, they are caused by the decoration company deliberately missing items or even inducing the owners to add items.
(1), intentionally omitted.
Ordinary owners don't know much about decoration, so they give decoration companies many opportunities. In the quotation provided by decoration companies, a common means is to "report big items and miss small items". That is to say, the quotation only includes the most basic construction projects, but the necessary processes such as tearing down the wall, drilling holes, adding partitions, waterproofing and leveling the ground are not on it, and you have to add money to do these when decorating.
Demolition: new rules of home improvement
The new regulations stipulate in detail that when a decoration company issues a project contract budget quotation, it shall not omit or understate the number of projects and projects. If there are any engineering omissions, the decoration company shall bear corresponding responsibilities; If the project quantity is underreported and the underreported amount exceeds 8% of the contract amount, the excess shall be borne by the decoration company. However, if the owner has new ideas in the construction process and actively increases the project, it does not belong to 8%.
(2), induced addition
Decoration projects include projects that must be done, as well as some projects that can or cannot be done. Decoration companies sometimes induce users to increase the projects they can or can't do through inducements or disguised threats, thus causing decoration overruns. For example, inform the owner that everyone will do a certain construction project, and the effect will be better. In this case, if the owner listens to the suggestion and increases the construction project, it will become "the owner actively increases the project", which is not within the scope of the over-limit compensation stipulated in the new regulations.
Demolition: Set the plan unchanged.
In this case, laws and regulations are also difficult to play a role, only the owners can resist the decoration company's "deaf ears." In the decoration design stage, the owner needs to do some homework and discuss with the designer to determine the design scheme. Once the scheme is determined, don't change it easily after the construction begins.
2. "Overreporting and over-calculating" is very tricky.
When looking at the decoration quotation, only reporting the major items without reporting the minor items will attract the attention of the owners, but often the "too detailed" quotation is also misleading. In the quotations of some bad home improvement companies, there are detailed demolition projects and multiple quotations. Some companies confuse concepts, such as mixed paint and varnish charges. Generally speaking, paint is painted outside the cabinet and varnish is painted inside the cabinet. However, some companies charge twice as much for color paint when charging, on the grounds that varnish should be applied before painting.
Dismantle: Read the quotation carefully.
The decoration quotation was received after the house design drawing came out and before renovation contract signed it. When the owner reviews, it is best to look at the quotation according to the design drawing. We should also be wary of very subdivided projects. It's best to consult experienced friends or professionals around you and ask them to help see if there is a problem of "repeated quotation" for each item in the quotation.
3. It is difficult to calculate the building area.
One method is to calculate the building area by unscientific calculation method, and the excuse is often that this is a convention. If the wall area is calculated according to the method of 3.5 times the ground area, the owner will definitely suffer; For example, the area of doors and windows is included in the painting area according to 50%, but in fact, many families now cover doors and windows and do not need to paint around them, but some companies still include the painting area of walls according to 50% or even 100%.
Demolition: Record data by measuring the room.
Before decoration, the house needs to be measured, and the owner had better participate in the measurement. Measuring a room is the first step in house decoration. Through the measurement of rooms, we can accurately know the length, width and height of each room in the house, as well as the positions of doors, windows, air conditioners and heaters. When measuring, measure the size of a single area, write it down, put it on paper, and then compare it with the area on the quotation of the decoration company, so as to avoid the decoration company from adopting a general and vague area calculation method to increase the engineering quantity and thus increase the expenditure.
The second method is to confuse the units of area calculation. Usually, items that should be quoted in square meters are quoted in meters. On the surface, the unit price is not high, and the actual calculated total price is very scary.
Dismantle the trick: practice "eye-catching"
If you encounter a bad decoration company, then their tricks may make the owners hard to prevent. As long as the owner can check the quotation more carefully, it is generally easy to find out the method of confusing the area calculation unit and increasing the engineering quantity. Before the renovation, we should conduct a comprehensive and systematic evaluation and measurement of our house; When measuring, measure the area of a single item, write it down, put it on paper, and then compare it with the area on the quotation of the decoration company.
4. "shoddy" is tricky
Materials are also easy to get tricky. Many times, in order to maintain the overall low price, decoration companies will take the method of reducing the quality of materials and shoddy to reduce costs. Let's take a look at all kinds of decoration materials and how to deal with them.
(1) Fuzzy material specifications are tricky.
In some quotations, the decoration company was vague about the materials, although it stated that some materials were needed, indicated the quantity of materials needed, and even wrote down the brand used, but it did not explain what quality and specifications should be used for the products of this brand. For example, "Dulux wall paint 45 yuan /m2" is prone to disputes, because "Dulux" is only a brand of paint, and there are many series of products, and the price of each paint is different.
Demolition: It is required to specify all elements of the material.
The owner shall require each item in the quotation to explain the elements of the materials in as much detail as possible. When looking at the materials selected by the decoration company, we should not only look at the brand, but also recognize which level of products it is in the brand and what the price is. Because even the products of the same brand, the prices of different grades vary greatly.
(2), shoddy.
Some decoration companies also indicate in the contract that if the original brand materials are out of stock during decoration, Party B's decoration company can temporarily replace the same model materials. But whether this "same" is of the same quality or similar material is just not stated.
Demolition: In view of this situation, the owner should point it out when reviewing the quotation, and ask the decoration company to give detailed spare material information. In addition, when the decoration materials enter the site, they should be checked and accepted to prevent the use of inferior and counterfeit materials.
5. "Cutting corners" is tricky.
Although the construction technology is a very quantitative standard, it is difficult for the owner to monitor the quantification in the actual operation process. Many decoration companies give budget books to owners, and there is no description of technological practices, even if there are simple words. So there are many uncertain factors, which give the decoration company the opportunity to cut corners.
Demolition: It is required to specify the construction technology.
When reviewing the decoration quotation, if it is found that there is no description about the construction technology, or the description of the construction technology is very simple. Then the decoration company needs to modify the quotation and clarify the construction technology. The more detailed, the better.