Social work is a kind of work to help people and solve social problems. It helps the poor, the old, the weak, the sick and other unfortunate people in society; Prevent and solve some social problems caused by economic difficulties or unhealthy lifestyles; Carry out community service, improve social functions, improve social welfare level and quality of social life, realize harmony between individuals and society, and promote social stability and development. In China, social work includes not only social welfare, social insurance and social services, but also social transformation such as changing social customs.
What is "engaging in social work"? What industries are there?
Theoretically speaking, employees engaged in the civil administration system, including welfare, community and neighborhood committees, can all be positioned as social workers. Usually refers to professionals engaged in teaching, research and practice of social work. Western countries mainly refer to people who serve in various social welfare institutions or facilities. Our country generally refers to the personnel who are engaged in social services such as social welfare, social security, social customs reform and social grass-roots management in state organs and mass organizations. The social work team is basically composed of three parts: ① people who graduated from regular social work colleges and obtained bachelor's, master's and doctor's degrees in social work; Under the guidance of people with rich social work experience, people who can complete social work tasks; (three) personnel engaged in social services in the grassroots units of social work. Social workers should have the following conditions: ① Good professional ethics. It has a sense of social responsibility and dedication to serve the members of society sincerely, a democratic concept of respecting customers' dominant position, and a character of self-denial and dedication in work. Some countries have codes for social workers, which stipulate the behavior, attitude, responsibility, morality and character of social work professionals. (2) Extensive and systematic knowledge. It is required to master the theory and knowledge of social system, state and system, economic construction, national culture, ecosystem, personality development and behavior characteristics, family and group, social service and social mutual aid organizations, community development and service. ③ Role ability. They should have multiple roles, such as executors of direct or indirect services, executors of social legislation, social policies and leadership decisions, and activists who contact and cooperate with relevant professional and technical departments, groups and personnel. This requires applying theoretical knowledge to practical work and establishing good relations with customers and other work objects; Have the ability to adapt to the objective environment of change and development and seize opportunities; Strong comprehensive generalization ability and organizational ability; Have certain imagination, association and creativity. With the development and deepening of social work, the status of social workers is becoming more and more important. Many countries have strengthened the training of social workers to improve their quality.
What is social work? What is included?
Social work is a kind of work to help people and solve social problems. It helps the poor, the old, the weak, the sick and other unfortunate people in society; Prevent and solve some social problems caused by economic difficulties or unhealthy lifestyles; Carry out community service, improve social functions, improve social welfare level and quality of social life, realize harmony between individuals and society, and promote social stability and development. In China, social work includes not only social welfare, social insurance and social services, but also social transformation such as changing social customs.
Content:
First of all, social work is an activity to help others. If the duty of doctors is to cure people's physical diseases, then the duty of social workers is to help those who encounter various difficulties and problems in social life first. Social work, which developed from the initial charity and charitable actions, is a noble cause full of love from the beginning, with the distinctive characteristics of helping others. However, the contemporary development of social work has surpassed the traditional activities of helping the poor in two aspects. Social work aims to provide services for all people, adjust the relationship between man and nature, create a harmonious community environment and improve people's quality of life. On the other hand, social work has developed a set of special techniques and methods, thus becoming a universally recognized profession and an indispensable professional profession in contemporary society.
Second, social work is a profession. The American Yearbook of Social Work holds that "social work is a kind of professional work. No matter whether the work object focuses on individuals or groups, it is to help them meet the needs of society according to their special needs or abilities, so as to adjust social relations and improve their lives. " In order to cultivate talents with professional knowledge and skills in social work, many countries have set up social work colleges or departments in universities to train bachelors, masters and doctors in social work. Some countries have also set up social work teaching committees to standardize social work courses and promote the development of social work teaching. Domestic 1988 started to establish social work specialty in the second half of the year. At present, social work belongs to a branch of sociology.
Third, social work is a special profession. An American scholar said in the editorial of * * *: "A new profession has matured and is maturing under our noses, and that is social work. People used to imagine social work as an activity to help the poor with baskets in hand. Now, social work is a profession that uses scientific methods and artistic means to solve various social problems. " Social work in China started late. In recent years, many people have realized that social work is different from the social services provided by the mother-in-law of traditional urban neighborhood committees. However, social work did not break away from the original occupational classification system and became a specialized occupation. The professional service of social work is mainly carried out within the traditional professional framework. From the perspective of occupational differentiation, social workers in China need to be further developed and improved.
Fourth, social work is a system. As early as 40 years ago, Vitmer wrote a book called Social Work-Analysis of Social System. In the book, he said: "Social work is a kind of help provided by organized organizations or communities to solve personal difficulties and help individuals adjust their social relations." Social work is a standardized and professional service provided by * * * or non-governmental organizations. Therefore, it has been brought into the system of modern society and become an indispensable system to implement the welfare policy and ensure social stability.
To sum up, social work is a professional occupation that aims at helping others and uses various professional knowledge, skills and methods to solve social problems. It is an important system to ensure the harmony and stability of modern society.
Do you know what social work service is?
Social work services include many services, such as youth services, child care services, elderly services, women's services, etc. These services can be divided into different categories. Generally speaking, different social workers are responsible for different categories. For example, child care services, social workers had better be handled by experienced child care teachers, because they know children's living habits and hobbies better.
What is a social work service organization?
Social work institutions are non-enterprise units that take social workers as the main body, adhere to the purpose of "helping others to help themselves", follow the professional ethics of social work, comprehensively use the professional knowledge, methods and skills of social work, and carry out services such as difficulty relief, conflict mediation, rights protection, psychological counseling, behavior correction and relationship adjustment. Social work institutions are an important carrier to attract social work talents, an important channel to effectively integrate social work service resources, and an important position to carry out social work professional services. Promoting the development of private social work institutions is of great significance for further promoting social work and the construction of its talent team, preventing and solving various contradictions and problems existing in current social development, promoting functional transformation, innovating social management and public service methods, strengthening social construction focusing on improving people's livelihood, and promoting social harmony.
What is the specific content of social work? 、
Social work, referred to as social work, is a professional activity to help others. Compared with medicine, psychology focuses on people's physiological operation, and psychology focuses on individual psychological phenomena. The focus of social work lies in the interaction between people and the environment. The purpose of social work is to help individuals, families, groups and communities adapt to their social environment, enhance or restore the energy of their social functions, and create social conditions conducive to achieving their goals, thus preventing or alleviating social problems.
Introduced function
(1) aims to help others (customers). Helping people in need is altruistic, not selfish, although social workers will also get socially recognized returns by providing services;
(2) Activities based on scientific knowledge. The complexity of modern social problems makes it necessary to master a variety of scientific knowledge in order to provide effective services;
(3) Scientific methods to help others. As a professional assistance activity in modern society, it needs effective scientific methods;
(4) It is a helpful service activity. The starting point or goal is to help each other and those in need, not to manage and control each other.
What is the most urgent social work service field in China at present?
The fields of social work mainly include services for children and adolescents, the elderly, women's social services, rehabilitation social services, social assistance, employment services, mental health services, family services, medical social work, school social work, correction services, urban and rural community development, military social work, and enterprise social work.
What does social work mean?
The concept of social work
Definition of representativeness:
(1) Social work is a helping activity. NASW National Association of Social Workers defines social work as a professional activity that helps individuals, groups and communities to strengthen or restore their abilities, thus giving full play to their social functions and creating social conditions conducive to achieving their goals.
(2) Social work is a process of helping others. Frilander emphasized in 1980 Introduction to Social Welfare that social work is a professional service and a process of helping others.
(3) Social work is a way to help others. Liao, a scholar from Taiwan Province Province, quoted Fink's definition of social work in the book "Overview of Social Work" published by 1996: Social work is an art or discipline, which enhances the interpersonal relationship and social life function of individuals and groups by providing services to help others. This professional method of helping others pays attention to the interaction between people and the environment.
(4) Social work is a major. Liao himself defined social work in his book "Overview of Social Work" as: social work is a special professional field in modern society, which uses social and psychological science principles to solve special problems in community life and reduce personal adversity and pressure.
(5) Social work is a system. Witmer (1942) thinks in his book Social Work: A Systematic Analysis that social work is an aid implemented by organized institutions or groups to solve personal difficulties and various services implemented to help individuals adjust their social relations. Siporin's book Introduction to Social Work Practice, published in 1975, also believes that social work is a social institutionalized method to help people prevent and solve social problems and restore and enhance the function of social life.
(6) Comprehensive definition of social work. In the book Introduction to Social Work published by 1994, skidmore gave a comprehensive definition of social work: social work is an art, a science and a profession, and its purpose is to help people solve problems of individuals, groups (especially families) and communities, and to use case work and group work.
Chen and others believe that social work is a kind of professional social service work that does not aim at making profits and helps others to help themselves. It is also an independent discipline and a specialized occupation. Social work is a variety of organized practices to help people meet the needs that cannot be met by personal efforts alone; It regards the receiver as an active subject, not just a passive object; It provides the necessary conditions for the recipients to develop their potential and solve their own problems in a professional way; It is an applied social science based on the knowledge provided by modern science. [ 1]
Wang Sibin believes that "social work is an altruistic-oriented, scientific-based and scientific-based service activity." [2] This definition points out that the essence of social work is a kind of helping activity, that is, helping others with altruistic values as the leading factor and providing services as the characteristic. More precisely, social work is a scientific service activity to help others, which is different from general charity activities. This definition also points out that social work takes the needs of the recipients as the center and scientific helping skills as the means to achieve the effectiveness of helping others.
On June 5438+ 10, 2006, the Sixth Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee made the Central Committee's Decision on Several Major Issues in Building a Harmonious Socialist Society (hereinafter referred to as the "Decision"), which pointed out that it was necessary to "build a huge contingent of social work talents". It is an urgent need to cultivate a team of social work talents with reasonable structure and excellent quality to build a harmonious socialist society. Establish and improve policies, measures and institutional guarantees with training, evaluation, use and encouragement as the main contents, determine professional norms and standards, strengthen professional training, and improve the professional quality and level of social workers. Planning ... >>
What is social work?
Social work is a kind of work to help people and solve social problems. It helps the poor, the old, the weak, the sick and other unfortunate people in society; Prevent and solve some social problems caused by economic difficulties or unhealthy lifestyles; Carry out community service, improve social functions, improve social welfare level and quality of social life, realize harmony between individuals and society, and promote social stability and development.
social worker
Social workers have become new professional qualifications, and the National Examination Outline for Assistant Social Workers and Social Workers has recently been approved by the Ministry of Personnel, which means that social workers are included in the category of national professional and technical personnel for the first time. China News Service quoted Li, vice minister of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, as saying at the press conference on the publication and distribution of the examination syllabus that social work generally refers to a specialized cause and a discipline that professional social workers master the scientific knowledge, methods and skills of professional palaces, and adjust social relations and promote the stable development of society by providing professional social services and related welfare guarantees for social members. When compiling the examination syllabus, while ensuring professionalism, try to avoid the content being too wide, too deep and too difficult, and the written expression should be easy to understand and concise. The examination pays more attention to social workers' ability to apply relevant knowledge and effectively solve practical problems. It is reported that there are currently 400,000 people engaged in civil affairs and social work in public institutions, and there are more than 400,000 community employees nationwide. Together with 50,000 civil affairs assistants and civil affairs cadres at the grassroots level, these workers will be the targets of assessment. Candidates who pass the examination will receive different levels of vocational qualification certificates issued by the Ministry of Personnel (now Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security) and the Ministry of Civil Affairs.
Definition of occupation: Social workers refer to social service personnel who follow the value concept of helping others and helping themselves and use professional methods such as case study, community and administration to help institutions and others develop their potential, coordinate social relations and promote social justice. Career Profile: At present, most social workers in China are active in civil affairs, women's federations, charities, social organizations, community service agencies, street offices and other fields. , and has gradually expanded to health, education, social security, psychological counseling and other fields. Their role in maintaining good social order is increasingly recognized by society. A considerable number of college students majoring in social work choose to change their major or study in two universities at the undergraduate stage. For students majoring in social work, the common situation is transfer and ignorance. Even after a semester or two of study, I still don't quite understand what I have learned, what I can do after learning, and what it means to myself and society.
Social workers, equivalent to * * * employees. At present, this new major, as a profession, has been "indifferent" by society. Only 12% of students in this major can be admitted to the Ministry of Civil Affairs every year, and even the professional counterpart rate of some school graduates is zero.
What is social work major? What is included?
Social work is a professional and professional social service work led by * * *, with extensive participation of social forces, with the purpose of helping others to help themselves and scientific theories and methods as the means. Main courses: introduction to sociology, introduction to social work, case and group work, community work, social management, social insurance and social welfare, social environmental protection, organizational sociology, social psychology, youth social work, etc.