Mosquitoes spread more than 80 diseases. On the earth, no animal is more harmful to human beings than mosquitoes.
Malaria is transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes. Malaria is also called miasma. According to the investigation of 1935 Ministry of Health, 50% of residents have plasmodium in their blood, and 72% have falciparum malaria. 1936, about 20,000 people died of malaria in Gao County, Jiangsu Province. 1876 When the Panama Canal was dug, countless workers died of yellow fever and malaria, which made 1889 have to stop working. Only after entomologists have solved the problem of mosquitoes can they continue to complete the canal project. 1930 the report of the far east tropical diseases medical association points out that about 50 people die of tiger's mouth and 50,000 people die of malaria every year in Thailand. There are 400 kinds of malaria in the world, 85 of which can spread malaria. Malaria caused by plasmodium is one of the main causes of human death in the world, especially children under five years old, who are more likely to be infected with malaria and die. Malaria kills about 3 million people every year. [3] Anopheles mosquitoes that can infect malaria are distributed in Central and South America, Africa, Oceania and Central Asia, especially in Africa. In Africa, a child dies of malaria every 30 seconds on average. Anopheles Gambiae is another disease of Anopheles gambiae, and most kinds of mosquitoes can spread filariasis (caused by nematodes). This disease can lead to gumma, which makes the external genitalia and thighs swell abnormally. About 65,438+200,000 people worldwide are infected with filariasis. [2] Most species of mosquitoes can be infected with toxic diseases, including yellow fever, dengue fever, Japanese encephalitis, St. Louis encephalitis, polyarthritis, Rift Valley fever, Chikungunya fever and West Nile fever. Fortunately, AIDS is not spread by mosquito bites.
How do mosquitoes transmit pathogens into human body?
When Anopheles mosquitoes suck the blood of malaria patients, they also inhale plasmodium (the source of malaria). When they bite again, plasmodium is injected into the bitten person from the mouth of the mosquito. After 10 days, plasmodium began to appear in the blood vessels near the skin. They multiply in patients' red blood cells and divide into a large number of small protozoa, which destroy red blood cells and release a toxin. Each plasmodium invades other red blood cells, constantly multiplying, making more and more plasmodium and toxins in patients, leading to chills and fever in patients. At first, malaria patients feel cold and trembling all over, but the temperature measured by thermometer is very high. About an hour later, the patient felt a fever, and then his temperature continued to rise. After three or four hours, he began to sweat and his temperature dropped. A few hours later, the patient felt relaxed and his illness seemed to have passed. In fact, at this time, the small protozoa have invaded new red blood cells and started to reproduce. When Plasmodium destroys red blood cells again, the patient becomes ill again, forming a second round. Unless proper treatment is given, this attack will continue periodically and painfully. The losses caused by malaria to human beings are considerable. The patient is weak, inefficient, and even loses his life in severe cases. At present, drugs can be used to treat and prevent this disease, but the best way is to eliminate malaria, a mosquito infected with this disease.
Japanese encephalitis (an acute infectious disease caused by viral infection) is also spread by mosquitoes. This disease is also called Japanese encephalitis, commonly known as encephalitis. The patient developed fever, headache, vomiting, convulsions, lethargy and coma. There is no specific treatment, so the mortality rate is quite high.
Mosquitoes become infectious after biting the blood of people or animals with viruses for a long time, and when biting people without immunity, they will make the bitten person sick. The mosquitoes infected with this disease are Culex pipiens and Aedes. In order to prevent the occurrence and prevalence of this disease, in addition to vaccination and infection prevention, we must also vigorously kill mosquitoes and eliminate communicators. In addition, Culex pipiens and Anopheles can also spread filariasis (elephantiasis).
Mosquitoes that can transmit diseases in China can be roughly divided into three categories: one is Anopheles, commonly known as Anopheles mosquitoes, which mainly transmit malaria. According to incomplete statistics, during the period of 1929 1 year, about 2 million people worldwide died of malaria. The other is Culex pipiens, which mainly spreads filariasis and Japanese encephalitis. The third category is called Aedes mosquitoes, which have black and white stripes on their bodies, and are also called black-spotted mosquitoes, which mainly spread Japanese encephalitis and dengue fever.