Xixiakou Fishing Village is located in Rongcheng City, Weihai City, Shandong Province. There are more than 500 households in the village, with a total population of 1400. Villagers' houses are mainly conjoined villas. It is a star village jointly built by towns and villages in Shandong Province and an electrified village in Shandong Province, with total assets of about 1 100 million yuan. Xixiakou Village and Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences are both undertaking the national "Twelfth Five-Year" science and technology support plan "Integrated Demonstration of Well-off Housing Construction in Livable Fishing Villages around Bohai Sea" (project number: 2013baj10b11). Through the implementation of the project, the research group investigated 52 households in the residential area1Building 6.
2 application analysis of green building materials
2. 1 retaining structure practice
The enclosure structure of well-off residence in Xixiakou fishing village includes sloping roof, external wall, floor, basement, doors and windows, etc. The method of building envelope and the green building materials used are as follows. (1) The concrete method of sloping roof (from top to bottom). Use 15mm 1: 1 cement mortar to bond flat tiles, 35mmC20 fine stone concrete leveling layer with steel wire mesh, 1.5mm synthetic polymer waterproof coating, 20mm cement mortar, 55mm extruded polystyrene board, 20mm cement mortar leveling layer,120.
(2) The concrete method of external wall (from outside to inside). Waterproof coating, 10mm thick cement mortar, 10mm thick polystyrene particle leveling layer, 80mm polystyrene board, 20mm thick cement mortar leveling layer, 240mm thick fly ash brick and 20mm thick cement mortar. (3) Type of external window. The heat-insulating metal profile multi-cavity sealing window frame k is less than or equal to 5.0 [w/(m2 k)], the frame area is less than or equal to 20%, (6mm low light transmission low-e+ 12 air +6mm transparency), the heat transfer coefficient is 2.40w/m2 k, the glass shading coefficient is 0.38, the air tightness is 6 and the water tightness is 3. (4) Ground type (outdoor). 30mm cement mortar, 2mm asphalt linoleum, linoleum paper, 10mm cement mortar leveling layer,100mc20 fine stone concrete (bidirectional reinforcement), 100mc 10 concrete cushion.
2.2 Indoor structure practices
(1) interior wall concrete method. The load-bearing wall is made of 240mm thick fly ash brick, the partition wall is made of 120mm thick B07 autoclaved aerated concrete block, and the surface is plastered with 20mm thick cement mortar. (2) The pouring method of sandwich floor slab (top-down). 30 thick cement mortar screed-coat, 10 thick extruded polystyrene board, 20 thick cement mortar screed-coat, 100 thick cast-in-place reinforced concrete board, and 20 thick mixed mortar. (3) Indoor floor (from top to bottom). 30mm cement mortar screed-coat, 10mm extruded polystyrene board, 20mm cement mortar screed-coat,100mc20 fine stone concrete (bidirectional reinforcement), 100mmC 10 concrete cushion.
2.3 Analysis of Green Building Materials
The well-off residence in fishing village adopts slag portland cement, and industrial waste residue and fly ash are added in the concrete mixing process to minimize the cement consumption, thus reducing the "by-products" such as CO2, SO2, NO and other gases in cement production and protecting the environment. Waterproof and thermal insulation materials are energy-saving and environmentally friendly high-performance materials. Fly ash brick is made of fly ash, lime, gypsum, carbide slag, carbide mud and other industrial solid wastes. Autoclaved aerated concrete blocks are made of recyclable materials, so all wall materials are made of recycled waste, which is environmentally friendly and energy-saving. Natural sand is reduced by 50%, sand and gravel consumption is reduced by 20%, and cement consumption is reduced by more than 40%.
3. Utilization and analysis of green energy-saving and new energy technologies
Based on the basic design concept of "saving resources, saving resources, protecting the environment and putting people first", many new energy-saving and energy-saving technologies have been adopted in the reconstruction and new construction of well-off housing in Xixiakou fishing village.
3. 1 Utilization and analysis of energy-saving technologies
The south-facing window adopts the integrated design of building shading modeling, and realizes indoor natural ventilation and natural lighting through the optimal arrangement of roof skylight and external wall window. The roof is insulated by extruded polystyrene board, the wall is made of 3R environmentally-friendly materials, the outer wall is insulated by polystyrene board, the floor and floor are insulated by extruded insulation board, and the door and window glass is made of double-layer Low-E glass, which is highly airtight and energy-saving. Energy-saving sprinklers are used for outdoor greening, and outdoor street lamps are made of scenery complementary street lamps, solar street lamps and lawn lamps. Energy-saving lamps are used for indoor lighting, and the control mode of lamps is a combination of voice control, light sensitivity and manual control. Indoor water supply and drainage pipelines adopt high-quality pipeline materials and fittings to reduce and avoid pipeline leakage and resistance and reduce energy consumption. Using new energy technology to reduce dependence on traditional energy. Through a year's follow-up test, the energy consumption of air conditioning and lighting in Xixiakou fishing village in summer before and after the renovation was saved by more than 60%, and the total energy saving of the renovated residence was increased by more than 70%. Compared with traditional houses, new houses save more than 70% energy, and the total energy saving of new houses is increased by more than 80%.
3.2 New energy technology utilization and analysis
Through the implementation of the National Twelfth Five-Year Science and Technology Support Plan "Integrated Demonstration of Livable Fishing Villages and Well-off Houses around Bohai Sea", 2 sets of solar photovoltaic power generation equipment, 4 sets of ground source air conditioning systems, 4 sets of air source air conditioning systems, 4 sets of solar collectors and building integration devices, 30 sets of electric floor heating devices, 8 new solar street lamps, 20 new solar lawn lamps and 16 sets of wind and light complementary street lamps were installed in Xixiakou Fishing Village. Through one year's follow-up monitoring by the research group: ① the solar photovoltaic power generation device can ensure 3d power supply in the demonstration room without continuous sunshine;
(2) The solar collector is integrated with the building. The instantaneous efficiency intercept of the collector reaches 0.75, and the total heat loss efficiency is less than 3.0W/(m2 k), which basically meets the annual hot water demand of the demonstration residence; (3) The air-source heat pump hot water system device has the highest coefficient of performance of 4.0, and the energy-saving efficiency is more than four times that of ordinary electric water heaters, meeting the annual hot water demand of demonstration houses; (4) The ground source heat pump air conditioning system device, under the heating condition in winter, has the highest coefficient of performance (COP) of 4.5; Under the cooling condition in summer, the COP can reach 6.0, which meets the heating and cooling requirements of the demonstration room. ⑤ Compared with traditional water heating, under the same conditions, the electric floor heating device can save 20% of installation and construction costs and 40% of annual operation costs; The utilization rate of new energy in the project demonstration area will be increased to 40%.
Application and analysis of green building technology in improving indoor environmental quality in Xixiakou fishing village
Optimize the ratio of window to wall, Low-E glass and adjustable external shading to improve the thermal insulation and sound insulation performance of building envelope. By optimizing the layout of skylights, patios, indoor and outdoor windows, and ensuring the window-wall ratio to meet the design requirements, natural lighting and effective natural ventilation are used to the maximum extent to improve indoor natural purification conditions, including natural ventilation and bathroom ventilation. Indoor drainage floor drains are all three-proof floor drains, and a water seal device is set to effectively isolate waste gas from entering the room; The sewage system adopts indoor sewage and waste diversion system and outdoor sewage and waste confluence system. Sewage and garbage meet outdoors and are connected to the village sewage pipe network after being treated by septic tanks. Interior decoration is simple, without a lot of decorative elements. 2015,65438+10/6 entrusts Rongcheng construction engineering quality and cost supervision and management station to detect indoor environmental pollutants in newly-built and rebuilt houses, and the indicators of indoor pollutants such as formaldehyde, benzene and toluene all conform to the Code for Indoor Environmental Pollution Control of Civil Construction Engineering (GB 50325 ~ 20/kloc-).
5 Application Analysis of Green Construction Technology
Green construction technology is adopted in the reconstruction and new construction of well-off housing in Xixiakou fishing village. Firstly, establish and improve the green construction management system for reconstruction and new construction respectively, and formulate different green construction schemes, including material saving measures, water saving measures, land saving measures, energy saving measures and environmental protection measures. Dynamic management is implemented in the construction process, and the whole process is controlled from the stages of construction preparation, raw material procurement, construction installation and completion acceptance. At the same time, set up a special publicity column, strengthen the publicity of green construction work, enhance the awareness of green construction of construction personnel, realize civilized construction, and ensure the physical and mental health of employees.
6 conclusion
The green building technologies used in Xixiakou Fishing Village residence include: integrated design of building shading modeling, roof thermal insulation, ground source heat pump air conditioning system, air source heat pump hot water system, solar photovoltaic power generation system, integrated technology of solar energy building, thermal insulation and sound insulation design of enclosure structure, high air tightness and energy-saving external doors and windows, indoor natural ventilation, indoor sewage diversion system, outdoor sewage confluence system and application of green building technology. The newly-built and rebuilt houses in Xixiakou Fishing Village have reached the design performance standard of energy saving of public buildings above 75% (based on the national standard of 50%), and the utilization rate of new energy has increased to above 40%, which has high social benefits. The demonstration building of this project has good promotion value. Through the implementation of the national "Twelfth Five-Year" science and technology support plan "Integrated Demonstration of Livable Fishing Villages and Well-off Houses around Bohai Sea", the research group has promoted the construction of green buildings in new rural communities in Shandong and even the whole country, and provided a demonstration technology model for the construction of economical new countryside.
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