1. Identify opportunities or diagnose problems: the accuracy of evaluating opportunities and problems depends on the accuracy of information, so managers should try their best to obtain accurate and reliable information, and eliminate the distortion of information in the process of explanation, so as to improve the possibility of making correct decisions.
2. Determine the goal: the goal reflects the results that the organization wants to achieve. The quantity and quality of the expected results should be clearly defined, because the goals of these two aspects will ultimately guide decision makers to choose the appropriate course of action.
3. Determine the scheme: the manager draws up the alternative scheme after consulting others, determines the value or appropriateness of the proposed scheme, determines the optimal scheme, and then determines the optimal scheme according to the facts and investigation results.
4. Selection of implementation strategy: After the scheme is selected, the manager should formulate specific measures and steps to implement the scheme.
5. Supervision and evaluation: In the implementation stage of a scheme, the situation may change, so managers should constantly modify and improve the scheme to adapt to the changed situation.
The main features of scientific decision-making are:
(1) has a scientific decision-making system and movement mechanism. Each subsystem in the decision-making system is relatively independent, closely linked and organically coordinated.
(2) Follow the scientific decision-making procedure. Decision-making generally goes through the steps of finding problems, determining goals, investigating and studying, making plans, analyzing and evaluating, selecting the best decision, experimental feedback, tracking and correcting, etc.
(3) Pay special attention to the advisory role of "think tank" in decision-making.
(4) Using modern science and technology and scientific methods.