The main parts of the directory tree are root (/), /usr, /var, /home and so on. The following is a typical linux directory structure:
The main parts of the directory tree are root (/), /usr, /var, /home and so on. The following is a typical linux directory structure:
/root directory
/bin stores the necessary commands.
/boot stores the kernel and files needed for startup.
/dev storage device file.
Configuration file of /etc storage system.
The home directory of the /home user file where user data is stored.
/lib stores the necessary runtime.
/mnt stores a temporary mapping file system, and we often hang floppy drives and CDs in the floppy and cdrom subdirectories here.
/proc stores stored process and system information.
Home directory of /root superuser
/sbin stores the hypervisor.
/tmp directory of temporary files.
/usr contains applications, command files, libraries, manuals and other documents that usually do not need to be modified.
/var contains frequently changing files generated by the system, such as spooling directories such as printers, emails, news, log files, formatted man pages, data files of some applications, and so on. It is recommended to put it in a separate partition. [separator]
A typical /usr directory is as follows:
/X 1 1R6 storage x window system.
/bin stores the added user program.
/dict store dictionary
/doc stores additional documents.
/etc stores the settings file.
/games stores games and teaching files.
/include stores the header file of the C development tool.
/info stores GNU information files.
/lib repository file
/local stores locally generated and added applications.
/man saves the online help file.
/sbin stores the added hypervisor.
/share stores data in an independent structure.
/src stores the source code of the program.
Since the files in /usr have nothing to do with specific computers and will not be modified in normal use, you can enjoy this directory (file system) through the network, so that all computers that enjoy this file system can use the new software after the administrator installs the new software.
Linux inherits the clear structure of unix operating system. The file structure under linux is very organized. However, the above advantages can only be realized if you are quite familiar with linux. Now Bug Bug will briefly introduce the directory structure under linux.
/vmlinuz
As we already know, every linux has a kernel (vmlinuz), on which we add modules that can accomplish various specific functions, and each module is embodied in various directories in linux. Of course, the directories of different distribution packages are slightly different, but the main structure is the same. We also need to combine the functional modules of linux with various applications to make your linux system serve you. The kernel of the system is stored in the /vmlinuz directory. Remember when we configured lilo and mentioned this kernel?
/bin
Obviously, bin is short for binary. In the general system, you can find common linux commands in this directory. In some versions, you will also find some directories that are the same as the root directory.
/boot
When the system starts, all programs stored in this directory will be used. When booting linux with lilo, we will use some information here.
/development
Dev is short for device. This directory is very important to all users. Because this directory contains all the external devices used in the linux system. But this is not the driver of the external device. This is different from our commonly used Windows and DOS operating systems. It is actually a port to access these external devices. We can access these external devices very conveniently, just like accessing files or directories. For example, if we type: cd /dev/cdrom in the system, we can see the files in the CD-ROM drive. Similarly, we can view the mouse file by typing: cd /dev/mouse. In this directory, there is an empty device, which has no meaning in itself. If you write files or contents to this directory, they will all be returned.
/cdrom
When you first installed the system, this directory was empty. You can hang the CD-ROM file system in this directory. For example: mount /dev/cdrom /cdrom.
/and so on
Etc is one of the most important directories in linux system. In this directory, various configuration files and subdirectories used in system management are stored. The network configuration file, file system, X system configuration file, device configuration information and setting user information we need are all in this directory. Bug will explain the contents of this directory in detail in the future.
/sbin
This directory is used to store the system administrator's hypervisor.
/home page
If we create a user named "xx", there is a corresponding /home/xx path under the/home directory to store the user's home directory.
/library
Lib is the abbreviation of library. This directory is used to store the system dynamic connection library. Almost all applications will use the * * * libraries in this directory. So, don't do anything with this directory easily. Once something goes wrong, your system will not work. Don't say bug didn't remind you.
/lost+found
This directory is empty in most cases. However, if you suddenly lose power at work or don't turn it off in the normal way, some files will not be found where they should be stored when you restart the machine. For these documents, the system will put them in this directory, just like providing a temporary residence for the homeless.
/mnt
This directory is also generally empty. You can temporarily suspend other file systems in this directory.
/proc
You can get system information in this directory. This information exists in memory and is generated by the system itself.
/root
If you are logged in as superuser, this is the superuser's home directory.
/tmp
Used to store temporary files generated during the execution of different programs.
/usr
This is the directory that occupies the largest hard disk space in linux system. Many applications and files of users are stored in this directory.