Design is a process of expressing an idea through reasonable planning, careful planning and various ways. The most basic and main creative activity for human beings to transform the world, create civilization and create material and spiritual wealth through labor is creation. Design is the pre-planning of creative activities, and the planning technology and process of any creative activities can be understood as design. Basic meaning
Design refers to the designer's purposeful and planned technical creation and creative activities. The task of design is not only to serve life and business, but also to accompany artistic creation.
According to the definition of industrial designer Victor Papanek, design is a conscious and intuitive effort aimed at establishing a meaningful order. A more detailed definition is as follows:
Step 1: Understand the expectations, needs and motivations of users, as well as the needs and limitations of business, technology and industry.
Step 2: Turn what you know into the planning of the product (or the product itself), and make the form, content and behavior of the product useful, usable, acceptable and economically and technically feasible. (This is the meaning and basic requirement of design)
This definition can be applied to all fields of design, although the concerns of different fields are different in form, content and behavior.
design
With the development of modern science and technology, the arrival of knowledge society and the evolution of innovative forms, design is also evolving from the work of professional designers to more extensive user participation. User-centered and user-involved innovative design has been paid more and more attention, and the user-involved innovative 2.0 model has gradually emerged. User demand, user participation and user-centered are considered as important features of design innovation under new conditions. Users become the key words of Innovation 2.0, and user experience is also considered as the core of Innovation 2.0 mode in the knowledge society environment. Design is no longer the patent of professional designers, and user participation and user-centered become the key words of design. The exploration of innovative design modes such as FabLab and LivingLab is becoming the innovative 2.0 mode of design.
The simplest definition of design is a kind of "purposeful creative behavior".
However, design is also a profession. For example, there is a scene design post in the film industry and a packaging design post in the printing industry. Different from English, the word Designer in English is used in Chinese, and design and designer can be called together. Judging from the word "design", there are many theories and problems. The social environment with "design" as its occupation is usually called "design world".
Due to the long history of European and American theories, industrial design and architectural design in Europe and America are often the two main streams in design history and related theories.
Because design behavior is generally interpreted as having a clear goal, in modern times, the creation opposite to design meaning is called random number, randomness and so on.
In the west, large-scale design
Basic explanation
First, plan a project to be implemented. Then, according to the planning requirements, the whole process of design scheme conception, scheme formulation, operation, drawing, construction and sample acceptance is carried out. In a word, design is a process of imagination, operation, planning and budget.
According to the purpose and requirements of the task, make work plans and plans in advance and draw drawings.
A model specially designed to solve problems.
Common types
Communication design is sometimes called communication art or visual communication design.
Graphic design: it is the visual expression of CI system, which highlights corporate culture and corporate image through graphic expression.
3DDesign: There are many kinds, but they are not commonly used. In three-dimensional design, computer animation, three-dimensional model of industrial or architectural design are the main creative projects.
There are many kinds of designs, wide applications and wide coverage. The following are some well-known design types with a long history. For more kinds of designs, please refer to the catalogue in the design.
What are the theoretical research fields of design?
When design is an open research field, scholars from many disciplines can get involved, such as historians can do research on design history, sociologists can do research on design sociology, psychologists can do research on design psychology, philosophers can do research on design philosophy, educators can do research on design pedagogy and so on.
To give a similar example, cultural studies is a complex field. Visual culture research and material culture research, which are closely related to design research, belong to the field of cultural research, but it is difficult for such research to rise to the disciplinary level. After all, a discipline called culturology has not yet formed.
What is the basis of learning design?
The simplest definition of design is "purposeful innovative behavior". Design includes many categories and knowledge, and graphic design is just one of them.
1. Aesthetic basis (plane composition, color composition, space composition) Whether you want to study plane design, art design or architectural design in the future, you must understand these three elements.
2. Interest in design (always like to discover the beauty and ugliness in life, have professional judgment ability, and try to change with your own thinking, that is, we often say that we have design imagination.
3. Cultivate the aesthetics of the designed products or works to a level recognized by the public.
4. Anti-strike ability. Any design work needs to be tested and evaluated by the public. In the face of repeated or endless revisions, you must absorb and judge important design information and then integrate it into your work. To gain public recognition, you have to bear a lot of grievances, and only excellent works designed can soothe your heart.
5. The ultimate goal of design: What kind of designer do you want to be? How are you going to learn design well? Nowadays, due to the wide application of computer technology, graphic design generally refers to the design process and the design results obtained by using computers (it is called digital design because of the application of computers as tools). With the development of commodity economy, graphic design is widely used. It can be said that it is around us and ubiquitous in our daily life. For example, the posters, light boxes and billboards we see on the street are all graphic designs; In fact, when we look at the packaging of goods in the supermarket, we are all comparing graphic design; The leaflets and business cards handed to you when you walk out of the supermarket are also graphic designs. The work scope of graphic design includes: font design, printed matter design (poster, single page, folding, picture album, catalogue, greeting card, etc. ), photo processing, inkjet photo design, packaging design, book binding, web interface, corporate image design, etc.