Yiwu and Luqiao have many similarities, the same mercantile tradition, the same hardworking people, and the same urban development track developed from the professional market. However, after more than 20 years of development, Yiwu market has left the road and bridge market far behind.
The radiation capacity of Yiwu small commodity market is by no means comparable to that of Luqiao market. Yiwu market has completed a magnificent turn from the road market-scaffolding market-modern trade city. From a small commodity trading place to a commodity display place, more transactions extend to backstage transactions and online transactions, from a noisy market to a paradise for shoppers and wholesalers. Its radiation ability has reached the whole country, the whole world, and Yiwu's goods have gone to all parts of the world. However, the road and bridge market is still in the era of scaffolding market, the radiation ability of products is weakened, the market competitiveness is reduced, and the market share is gradually shrinking. Buying and selling the whole country is basically a dream.
The flexibility of Yiwu market system is the driving force for the rapid development of the market. Why can Yiwu rise rapidly in market transactions? He left Ke Qiao, Luqiao and other places, the birthplace of all-round professional market, far behind, and established the dominant position of small commodity trading. A big reason is that Yiwu, as a county-level city, has financial and land autonomy, and the market management system of "unification and separation" adopted by the Yiwu government. In other words, the ownership and management rights of markets, logistics and exhibition venues are separated. The government has the ownership of venues and enterprises have the right to operate. This has three advantages. First, it ensures the government's control over the market, and the market is dominated by the government in the direction of operation. Second, the government plays a leading role in market transformation and reconstruction, and reducing all kinds of resistance and pressure is conducive to the government to vigorously promote market transformation and upgrading. Yiwu market can be relocated eight times and expanded 1 1 times in just 20 years, all thanks to the strong control of market ownership by the government. Third, the government controls the ownership, and merchants enjoy the right to operate, which greatly reduces the operating costs of merchants and is conducive to the development of Yiwu market. The Luqiao market, once the head of the family, was basically formed by villagers and individuals. This model played a great role in the early stage of the market, gathering private capital and public opinion, which made the road and bridge market brilliant at that time when the competition was not very fierce. However, due to the lack of foresight of villagers and individuals in the process of setting up the market, the transformation and upgrading of the market is very slow in order to maximize immediate interests. The institutional constraints of roads and bridges lead to the lack of guiding kinetic energy, financial resources and land policy autonomy in the market transformation and upgrading.
The continuation of Yiwu's policy of "prospering the city through commerce" is the direction guarantee of market development. In the 28 years since the development of Yiwu small commodity market, the understanding of the ninth Party and government leading bodies on revitalizing the city through trade has been deepened and sublimated in the development decision of Yiwu, and has never deviated from the road of trade. Of course, while adhering to the general direction, each leading group has been constantly given new contents according to the development of the times, from "prospering the city with commerce" to "promoting industry with commerce, linking trade with industry", "feeding agriculture with industry" and "supporting agriculture with commerce".
The development of Yiwu market has a driving effect on urban construction and the rise of industrial clusters. The development of Yiwu market has also promoted urban construction and industrial development, and a large part of the development of Yiwu market has benefited from the planning of the whole city. During our visit, although many villages in the city are being rebuilt, many demolished villages have become farmers' professional blocks. Although from the perspective of urban development, the resettlement of rural houses is not necessarily beautiful, it is precisely because this practical resettlement method follows the habits of Yiwu people to the greatest extent, which makes Yiwu people agree with this model, makes the process of urban promotion relatively smooth, and enables Yiwu government to seize the opportunity and concentrate on market construction. Under the careful packaging of clever and industrious farmers in Yiwu, this concentrated rural house has become one professional street after another, and the formation of these professional streets has laid the foundation for the formation of Yiwu small commodity market. The development of Yiwu market has brought tangible benefits to farmers, which makes Yiwu farmers firmly support the government's actions in the development of trade city while seeing the benefits. This has formed a virtuous circle, which is exactly what our road and bridge market lacks. This uncooperative behavior of the masses has also paid a huge price for the construction of road and bridge markets. The road to market transformation and upgrading has been blocked by many people, and the first-Mover advantage of roads and bridges has been lost, and the interests of the people have not been guaranteed. Road and bridge are caught in this vicious circle. The high development of Yiwu market has also greatly promoted the development of local industries. With the development of commerce and trade, the sales of products are guaranteed, and a lot of capital originally used for trade begins to enter the industry. Yiwu began to create many firsts in industry: electronic clocks account for 40% of the world's total output, 70% of national jewelry, 50% of zippers and 35% of socks. The city's annual industrial output value has reached more than 60 billion. The leading role of commerce and trade promotes industrialization, and industrialization provides guarantee for the development of commerce and trade.
Highly developed logistics and electronic information systems provide convenience for the development of small commodities. The logistics industry in Yiwu is highly developed. According to the teacher, due to the scale effect, low logistics cost and convenient customs clearance abroad, it can be successfully assembled into cabinets in a short time. The logistics industry in Yiwu has attracted many logistics from surrounding provinces and cities to wait for customs clearance at Yiwu Customs. According to statistics, Yiwu now has to clear about 500,000 containers every year. The electronic information system in Yiwu market is well established. They regard the market as a place for product display and exhibition, not a place for trading. Comparatively speaking, Yiwu's market is orderly, the commodity information of merchants will be published online, and the transactions between buyers and merchants have been transferred online. Compared with our road and bridge market, it is noisy, busy and crowded. Once there are not many buyers, businesses are worried. Without business, our market is still a trading place for buyers and sellers. From this point of view, our road to building a modern trade city is long.
Judging from the development of Yiwu market and road and bridge, the road and bridge market is still in the stage of scaffolding market, and the road from scaffolding market to modern trade city is very difficult. Judging from the basic experience and financial resources of Luqiao, it is impossible to copy Yiwu. Moreover, we have lost the first-Mover advantage, and the day after tomorrow is not enough. What about Luqiao? What is the market like in Luqiao?
The first is the cognition at the government level. The government should have two aspects of cognition. According to the smile curve theory, commerce and trade are at the two ends of the curve and are important links in the product value chain. At present, developed countries are shifting manufacturing to both ends, including commerce, brand and research and development. Then the luqiao district government should also be aware of this in policy formulation, and should inherit the policies of the circulation industry and the commerce and trade industry for ten or twenty years. The second government awareness also needs to vigorously promote the implementation of the strategy. In the construction of trade city, there are many major projects, which should be implemented in strict accordance with the predetermined objectives. In the process of land acquisition and demolition, if a few people hinder the development opportunities of the market, then our government needs to vigorously promote the construction of the trade city according to law, and resolutely cannot sacrifice the interests of the majority for the benefit of the few. The second is the cognition of the masses. When people pay attention to their own interests, they are often short-sighted, selfish and superficial, and they can't see the future of business. Therefore, in the process of land acquisition and demolition, there is no cooperation and support, which is not recognized by Yiwu people. They combine the development of the market with the long-term interests of the family. Do a good job of publicity for the people and let them receive a realistic education in Yiwu.
The second is to do a good job in the transformation and upgrading of the professional market. Strive for capital and land support for market development, do a good job in the next round of market development planning and vigorously promote market development. There are more than 70 specialized markets in Luqiao, but they are all fragmented, and there is no joint force and no unified brand. This is where Yiwu is more successful than us. They unified various markets, which are an integral part of China's small commodity market, and promoted the same brand to increase buyers' recognition and loyalty to the brand. Luqiao should integrate various specialized markets in the next round of market planning, and the government should transform and upgrade the specialized markets when they reach a certain level, instead of artificially separating the production materials market from the living materials market and concentrating the local markets as much as possible. As a district-level government, Luqiao lacks autonomy in government functions, which is also an important reason for the slow development of Luqiao market. In the next stage, we should strive for land and financial policies from provinces and cities, and try our best to apply these policies to the development of road and bridge commerce.
The third is to reposition the target market. First of all, we should look for leading enterprises. The leading enterprise in Yiwu is China Small Commodity Market. Yiwu integrates all the influential markets into China Small Commodity Market, unifies the brand and forms a joint force. The leading enterprise of Luqiao should be China Commodity Mall of Luqiao, but the Commodity Mall has not played the leading role that a state-owned enterprise should have, and there are not enough articles on commercial services. More human and financial resources have been transferred to businesses unrelated to the main business, such as getting involved in the real estate industry. Luqiao Commodity Mall did not undertake the important task of developing the market at all, and its influence gradually weakened. Starting from the reality of roads and bridges, taking the mall as a breakthrough, we should integrate various professional market resources and do a good job in business services. Mall companies can make a fuss at the convention and exhibition center. The construction of convention and exhibition center is intended to realize the interactive development of convention and exhibition and market. However, the market is gradually declining, and it is difficult to give full play to the due functions of the convention and exhibition center. This block has a good geographical location and good facilities. It should start to consider transformation and become a part of the market. Secondly, the positioning of the target market, Luqiao and Yiwu can no longer be compared, but our business will continue to develop, so the only way out is to avoid homogenization competition and develop characteristic industries. For the whole country, we may wish to consider the agricultural machinery plant protection industry, the plastic industry and the second-hand product trading market. When these markets are completed, the road and bridge market will have a way out. Continue to be our daily necessities market and traditional professional market for the whole city and surrounding urban areas. It can be said that our current market is struggling to survive in the cracks, and its market position is very dangerous.
The fourth is to increase the introduction of professional market talents and funds. Compared with Yiwu, Luqiao is an intolerant place, and Luqiao people have serious xenophobic thoughts. The migrant population in Luqiao is mainly working, and the overall quality of the migrant population is not high, which has not created a good environment to attract talents. However, the overall quality of the foreign population in Yiwu is relatively high, and businessmen from all over the country who are interested in the circulation industry gather in Yiwu, bringing financial support, talent support and information support to Yiwu. In the next stage of market construction and investment attraction, we should consider the mode of "raising chickens and laying eggs". In terms of system, we should learn from the practice of Yiwu to attract merchants to settle in at a lower rental cost. In the mode of attracting investment, we can organize delegations to attract investment from all over the country, attract brand enterprises to settle in Luqiao, and strive to attract funds and talents from all over the country to Luqiao to enhance the influence of Luqiao market.
Fifth, strengthen the logistics industry and information construction. Reducing logistics cost and operating cost is the competitive advantage of professional market. Road and bridge should work hard in these two aspects. Yiwu has always been at the forefront of the country in this respect. Their highly convenient logistics has spread all over the world. Low logistics costs and convenient customs clearance means have enabled Yiwu to seize the logistics highland. The construction of informatization has enabled more transactions in Yiwu to realize remote transactions and backstage transactions. It is also necessary to increase support in these two aspects, guide the development of logistics industry and informatization, make great efforts to strengthen the construction of logistics parks, realize the opening of freight railways as soon as possible, introduce strategic partners, accelerate the construction of influential online shopping malls, and lay a foundation for future development.